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test-repo/docs/.vitepress/theme/components/appendix/computer-fundamentals/RecursiveThinkingDemo.vue
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<template>
<div class="recursive-thinking-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">递归思维自己调用自己</span>
<span class="subtitle">把大问题分解成相同的小问题</span>
</div>
<div class="analogy-section">
<div class="analogy-box">
<div class="analogy-icon">🪆</div>
<div class="analogy-content">
<div class="analogy-title">俄罗斯套娃</div>
<div class="analogy-desc">
打开一个大娃娃里面有个小一点的娃娃<br>
再打开还有更小的...直到最小的一个<br>
<strong>这就是递归</strong>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="example-selector">
<div class="selector-title">递归示例</div>
<div class="selector-buttons">
<button
v-for="example in examples"
:key="example.id"
:class="['example-btn', { active: activeExample === example.id }]"
@click="activeExample = example.id"
>
{{ example.icon }} {{ example.name }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 阶乘示例 -->
<div v-if="activeExample === 'factorial'" class="example-content">
<div class="example-title">阶乘n! = n × (n-1)!</div>
<div class="factorial-visual">
<div class="factorial-call">
<div class="call-box">5! = 5 × 4!</div>
<div class="call-arrow"></div>
<div class="call-box">4! = 4 × 3!</div>
<div class="call-arrow"></div>
<div class="call-box">3! = 3 × 2!</div>
<div class="call-arrow"></div>
<div class="call-box">2! = 2 × 1!</div>
<div class="call-arrow"></div>
<div class="call-box base">1! = 1 (基准情况)</div>
</div>
<div class="factorial-return">
<div class="return-arrow"> 返回 1</div>
<div class="return-arrow"> 返回 2 × 1 = 2</div>
<div class="return-arrow"> 返回 3 × 2 = 6</div>
<div class="return-arrow"> 返回 4 × 6 = 24</div>
<div class="return-arrow"> 返回 5 × 24 = 120</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 斐波那契示例 -->
<div v-if="activeExample === 'fibonacci'" class="example-content">
<div class="example-title">斐波那契数列</div>
<div class="fibonacci-visual">
<div class="fib-rule">F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2)</div>
<div class="fib-tree">
<div class="tree-node">F(5)</div>
<div class="tree-level">
<div class="tree-node">F(4)</div>
<div class="tree-node">F(3)</div>
</div>
<div class="tree-level">
<div class="tree-node">F(3)</div>
<div class="tree-node">F(2)</div>
<div class="tree-node">F(2)</div>
<div class="tree-node">F(1)=1</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="fib-result">F(5) = 5</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 目录遍历示例 -->
<div v-if="activeExample === 'directory'" class="example-content">
<div class="example-title">遍历文件目录</div>
<div class="directory-visual">
<div class="dir-tree">
<div class="dir-node root">📁 /home</div>
<div class="dir-children">
<div class="dir-node">📄 file1.txt</div>
<div class="dir-node">📁 documents</div>
<div class="dir-children">
<div class="dir-node">📄 report.doc</div>
<div class="dir-node">📁 photos</div>
<div class="dir-children">
<div class="dir-node">🖼 pic1.jpg</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="dir-node">📄 file2.txt</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="dir-pseudocode">
<div class="pseudo-title">伪代码</div>
<pre>function traverse(folder) {
for each item in folder {
if item is file {
print(item)
} else if item is folder {
traverse(item) // 递归调用!
}
}
}</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 递归三要素 -->
<div class="recursive-elements">
<div class="elements-title">递归的三要素</div>
<div class="elements-grid">
<div class="element-card">
<div class="element-number">1</div>
<div class="element-title">基准情况</div>
<div class="element-desc">什么时候停止递归必须有一个终止条件</div>
<div class="element-example">n! 1! = 1</div>
</div>
<div class="element-card">
<div class="element-number">2</div>
<div class="element-title">递归调用</div>
<div class="element-desc">如何让问题规模变小调用自己处理更小的规模</div>
<div class="element-example">n! 转换成 (n-1)!</div>
</div>
<div class="element-card">
<div class="element-number">3</div>
<div class="element-title">返回结果</div>
<div class="element-desc">如何利用子问题的结果解决当前问题</div>
<div class="element-example">n × (n-1)! 的结果</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 优缺点 -->
<div class="pros-cons">
<div class="pros-column">
<div class="column-title"> 优点</div>
<ul class="column-list">
<li>代码简洁优雅</li>
<li>自然表达递归结构</li>
<li>适合树和图的遍历</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="cons-column">
<div class="column-title"> 缺点</div>
<ul class="column-list">
<li>可能重复计算</li>
<li>栈空间消耗大</li>
<li>调试较困难</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const activeExample = ref('factorial')
const examples = [
{ id: 'factorial', name: '阶乘', icon: '🔢' },
{ id: 'fibonacci', name: '斐波那契', icon: '🐚' },
{ id: 'directory', name: '目录遍历', icon: '📁' }
]
</script>
<style scoped>
.recursive-thinking-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border-radius: 12px;
padding: 1.5rem;
margin: 1.5rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.demo-header .title { font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.1rem; }
.demo-header .subtitle { color: var(--vp-c-text-2); font-size: 0.9rem; }
.analogy-section {
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.analogy-box {
display: flex;
gap: 1.5rem;
padding: 1.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-left: 4px solid var(--vp-c-brand);
border-radius: 6px;
}
.analogy-icon {
font-size: 3rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.analogy-content {
flex: 1;
}
.analogy-title {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 1.1rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.analogy-desc {
font-size: 0.9rem;
line-height: 1.8;
}
.example-selector {
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.selector-title {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.selector-buttons {
display: flex;
gap: 0.75rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.example-btn {
padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.9rem;
transition: all 0.3s;
}
.example-btn:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.example-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
}
.example-content {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 1.5rem;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.example-title {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
text-align: center;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.factorial-visual {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 2rem;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.factorial-visual {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
.call-box {
padding: 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
text-align: center;
font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.call-box.base {
background: #10b981;
color: white;
border-color: #10b981;
font-weight: 600;
}
.call-arrow {
text-align: center;
font-size: 1.5rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.return-arrow {
padding: 0.5rem;
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.1);
border: 1px solid #3b82f6;
border-radius: 4px;
text-align: center;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: #3b82f6;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.fibonacci-visual {
text-align: center;
}
.fib-rule {
font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
font-size: 1.1rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.fib-tree {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.tree-level {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
gap: 1rem;
}
.tree-node {
padding: 0.5rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand-soft);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-brand);
border-radius: 6px;
font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
font-weight: 600;
}
.fib-result {
font-size: 1.2rem;
font-weight: 700;
color: #10b981;
}
.directory-visual {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 2rem;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.directory-visual {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
.dir-tree {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.dir-node {
padding: 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.dir-node.root {
background: var(--vp-c-brand-soft);
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-weight: 600;
}
.dir-children {
margin-left: 1.5rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.dir-pseudocode {
background: #1e1e1e;
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 1rem;
}
.pseudo-title {
color: white;
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.9rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.dir-pseudocode pre {
color: #d4d4d4;
font-size: 0.8rem;
line-height: 1.6;
margin: 0;
}
.recursive-elements {
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.elements-title {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.elements-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
gap: 1rem;
}
.element-card {
padding: 1.25rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
}
.element-number {
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
width: 32px;
height: 32px;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border-radius: 50%;
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.9rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.element-title {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.95rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.element-desc {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
line-height: 1.5;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.element-example {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-style: italic;
}
.pros-cons {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 1.5rem;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.pros-cons {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
.pros-column,
.cons-column {
padding: 1.25rem;
border-radius: 8px;
}
.pros-column {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
border: 1px solid #10b981;
}
.cons-column {
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.1);
border: 1px solid #ef4444;
}
.column-title {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.column-list {
margin: 0;
padding-left: 1.25rem;
}
.column-list li {
font-size: 0.9rem;
line-height: 1.8;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
</style>