feat(docs): add interactive demos and complete content for development tools

- Add Vue components for interactive demos (SSH auth, regex, env vars, ports)
- Complete markdown content for SSH, regex, environment variables, and ports
- Remove placeholder "待实现" sections and replace with detailed guides
- Add visual explanations for key concepts like ports and localhost
- Include practical examples and troubleshooting tips
- Add component for showing evolution from transistors to CPU
- Improve documentation structure and navigation
- Add security best practices for API keys and environment variables
This commit is contained in:
sanbuphy
2026-02-21 10:04:47 +08:00
parent 399913d3ff
commit 6098908eee
52 changed files with 17782 additions and 2725 deletions
-1
View File
@@ -589,7 +589,6 @@ export default defineConfig({
items: [
{ text: '集成开发环境 (IDE) 基础', link: '/zh-cn/appendix/2-development-tools/ide-basics' },
{ text: '命令行与 Shell 脚本', link: '/zh-cn/appendix/2-development-tools/command-line-shell' },
{ text: '编辑器与 AI 编程助手', link: '/zh-cn/appendix/2-development-tools/editors-and-ai' },
{ text: 'Git:代码的时光机', link: '/zh-cn/appendix/2-development-tools/git-version-control' },
{ text: '环境变量与 PATH', link: '/zh-cn/appendix/2-development-tools/environment-path' },
{ text: '端口与 localhost', link: '/zh-cn/appendix/2-development-tools/ports-localhost' },
@@ -1,85 +1,128 @@
<template>
<div class="adder-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">加法器用逻辑门做加法</span>
<span class="subtitle">从逻辑门到算术运算</span>
<span class="title">加法器用逻辑门做二进制加法</span>
<span class="subtitle">点击蓝色位按钮切换 0/1观察进位如何逐位传递</span>
</div>
<div class="demo-content">
<div class="adder-controls">
<div class="input-group">
<label>A:</label>
<div class="bits">
<button
v-for="(bit, i) in bitsA"
:key="'a'+i"
class="bit-btn"
:class="{ on: bit }"
@click="toggleBit('A', i)"
>
{{ bit }}
</button>
</div>
<span class="decimal">= {{ decimalA }}</span>
<!-- 名词解释 -->
<div class="legend">
<span class="legend-item"><span class="dot a" />A = 被加数</span>
<span class="legend-item"><span class="dot b" />B = 加数</span>
<span class="legend-item"><span class="dot s" />S = Sum本位结果</span>
<span class="legend-item"><span class="dot c" />C = 进位Carry传给下一位</span>
</div>
<!-- 输入控制 -->
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="input-group">
<span class="group-label">A被加数</span>
<div class="bits">
<button
v-for="(bit, i) in bitsA"
:key="'a' + i"
class="bit-btn"
:class="{ on: bit }"
@click="toggleBit('A', i)"
>
{{ bit }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="operator">
+
<span class="decimal">= {{ decimalA }}</span>
</div>
<div class="op-sign">+</div>
<div class="input-group">
<span class="group-label">B加数</span>
<div class="bits">
<button
v-for="(bit, i) in bitsB"
:key="'b' + i"
class="bit-btn"
:class="{ on: bit }"
@click="toggleBit('B', i)"
>
{{ bit }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label>B:</label>
<div class="bits">
<button
v-for="(bit, i) in bitsB"
:key="'b'+i"
class="bit-btn"
:class="{ on: bit }"
@click="toggleBit('B', i)"
>
{{ bit }}
</button>
<span class="decimal">= {{ decimalB }}</span>
</div>
<div class="op-sign">=</div>
<div class="result-inline">
<span class="result-bin">{{ resultBinary }}</span>
<span class="result-dec">十进制 {{ resultDecimal }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 每位加法器展示 -->
<div class="stages-label">逐位计算过程从最低位开始</div>
<div class="adder-stages">
<div
v-for="(stage, idx) in stageData"
:key="idx"
class="stage"
>
<div class="stage-title"> {{ stage.bitPos }} {{ stage.posName }}</div>
<div class="stage-content">
<!-- 输入列 -->
<div class="io-col inputs-col">
<div class="io-row">
<span class="io-badge a-badge">A</span>
<span class="io-val">{{ stage.a }}</span>
</div>
<div class="io-row">
<span class="io-badge b-badge">B</span>
<span class="io-val">{{ stage.b }}</span>
</div>
<div v-if="stage.carryIn !== null" class="io-row carry-in-row">
<span class="io-badge cin-badge">Cin</span>
<span class="io-val">{{ stage.carryIn }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<span class="decimal">= {{ decimalB }}</span>
<!-- 全加器框 -->
<div class="fa-box">
<div class="fa-label">{{ stage.carryIn !== null ? '全加器' : '半加器' }}</div>
<div class="fa-hint">{{ stage.carryIn !== null ? 'Full Adder' : 'Half Adder' }}</div>
</div>
<!-- 输出列 -->
<div class="io-col outputs-col">
<div class="io-row">
<span class="io-badge s-badge">S</span>
<span class="io-val sum-val">{{ stage.sum }}</span>
</div>
<div class="io-row">
<span class="io-badge cout-badge">Cout</span>
<span class="io-val carry-val">{{ stage.carryOut }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 进位传递提示 -->
<div v-if="idx < stageData.length - 1 && stage.carryOut" class="carry-hint">
进位 {{ stage.carryOut }} 传给第 {{ stage.bitPos + 1 }}
</div>
<div v-else-if="idx < stageData.length - 1" class="carry-hint no-carry">
无进位
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="adder-visual">
<div
v-for="(s, i) in stages"
:key="i"
class="adder-stage"
>
<div class="stage-label">
{{ s.label }}
</div>
<div class="stage-bits">
<span class="bit-label">A{{ 3-i }}: {{ bitsA[i] }}</span>
<span class="bit-label">B{{ 3-i }}: {{ bitsB[i] }}</span>
<span
v-if="i > 0"
class="bit-label"
>C{{ i }}: {{ carries[i-1] }}</span>
</div>
<div class="stage-result">
<span class="sum-bit">S{{ 3-i }}: {{ sumBits[i] }}</span>
<span class="carry-bit">C{{ i+1 }}: {{ carries[i] }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 结果 -->
<div class="result-bar">
<div class="result-row">
<span class="result-label">二进制结果</span>
<span class="result-bits">{{ resultBinary }}</span>
</div>
<div class="result-display">
<div class="result-row">
<span class="result-label">二进制结果:</span>
<span class="result-bits">{{ resultBinary }}</span>
</div>
<div class="result-row">
<span class="result-label">十进制验证:</span>
<span class="result-decimal">{{ decimalA }} + {{ decimalB }} = {{ resultDecimal }}</span>
</div>
<div class="result-row">
<span class="result-label">十进制验证</span>
<span class="result-eq">{{ decimalA }} + {{ decimalB }} = {{ resultDecimal }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>加法器用全加器级联实现每个全加器处理一位产生"和""进位"进位传递给下一位就像我们手算加法一样
<strong>核心思想</strong>每位全加器接收 AB 和上一位的进位Cin输出本位的和S与向上传递的进位Cout和我们手算竖式加法"逢二进一"完全一致
</div>
</div>
</template>
@@ -98,47 +141,46 @@ const toggleBit = (arr, i) => {
}
}
const decimalA = computed(() => {
return bitsA.value.reduce((acc, bit, i) => acc + bit * Math.pow(2, 3-i), 0)
})
const decimalA = computed(() =>
bitsA.value.reduce((acc, bit, i) => acc + bit * Math.pow(2, 3 - i), 0)
)
const decimalB = computed(() => {
return bitsB.value.reduce((acc, bit, i) => acc + bit * Math.pow(2, 3-i), 0)
})
const decimalB = computed(() =>
bitsB.value.reduce((acc, bit, i) => acc + bit * Math.pow(2, 3 - i), 0)
)
const carries = computed(() => {
const c = [0, 0, 0, 0]
const stageData = computed(() => {
const stages = []
let carry = 0
const posNames = ['最低位', '次低位', '次高位', '最高位']
for (let i = 3; i >= 0; i--) {
const sum = bitsA.value[i] + bitsB.value[i] + (i < 3 ? c[i+1] : 0)
c[i] = sum >= 2 ? 1 : 0
const a = bitsA.value[i]
const b = bitsB.value[i]
const total = a + b + carry
const sum = total % 2
const carryOut = total >= 2 ? 1 : 0
stages.push({
bitPos: 3 - i,
posName: posNames[3 - i],
a,
b,
carryIn: stages.length > 0 ? carry : null,
sum,
carryOut
})
carry = carryOut
}
return c
return stages
})
const sumBits = computed(() => {
const s = [0, 0, 0, 0]
for (let i = 3; i >= 0; i--) {
const sum = bitsA.value[i] + bitsB.value[i] + (i < 3 ? carries.value[i+1] : 0)
s[i] = sum % 2
}
return s
})
const sumBits = computed(() => stageData.value.map((s) => s.sum).reverse())
const resultBinary = computed(() => {
const allBits = [carries.value[0], ...sumBits.value]
return allBits.join('')
const lastCarry = stageData.value[stageData.value.length - 1]?.carryOut || 0
return (lastCarry ? lastCarry.toString() : '') + sumBits.value.join('')
})
const resultDecimal = computed(() => {
return decimalA.value + decimalB.value
})
const stages = [
{ label: '第4位 (个位)' },
{ label: '第3位' },
{ label: '第2位' },
{ label: '第1位 (最高位)' }
]
const resultDecimal = computed(() => decimalA.value + decimalB.value)
</script>
<style scoped>
@@ -154,44 +196,93 @@ const stages = [
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.65rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.demo-header .title { font-weight: bold; font-size: 1rem; }
.demo-header .subtitle { color: var(--vp-c-text-2); font-size: 0.85rem; margin-left: 0.5rem; }
.demo-header .title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1rem;
}
.adder-controls {
.demo-header .subtitle {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.82rem;
margin-left: 0.5rem;
}
/* 名词解释 */
.legend {
display: flex;
gap: 0.8rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-bottom: 0.7rem;
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.5rem 0.7rem;
}
.legend-item {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
gap: 0.3rem;
}
.dot {
display: inline-block;
width: 8px;
height: 8px;
border-radius: 50%;
}
.dot.a { background: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.dot.b { background: #8b5cf6; }
.dot.s { background: var(--vp-c-success, #16a34a); }
.dot.c { background: #d97706; }
/* 控制面板 */
.control-panel {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.6rem;
padding: 0.55rem 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.input-group {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.input-group label {
.group-label {
font-size: 0.8rem;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
white-space: nowrap;
}
.bits {
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
gap: 0.2rem;
}
.bit-btn {
width: 28px;
height: 28px;
width: 26px;
height: 26px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-weight: bold;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
@@ -202,87 +293,168 @@ const stages = [
}
.decimal {
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.operator {
font-size: 1.2rem;
.op-sign {
font-size: 1.1rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.result-inline {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.3rem;
}
.result-bin {
font-family: monospace;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.adder-visual {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
overflow-x: auto;
.result-dec {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.adder-stage {
flex: 1;
min-width: 100px;
padding: 0.5rem;
/* 阶段 */
.stages-label {
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: bold;
margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.adder-stages {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
gap: 0.45rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.stage {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 0.55rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.stage-label {
font-size: 0.75rem;
.stage-title {
font-size: 0.72rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
padding-bottom: 0.3rem;
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
padding-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.stage-bits {
.stage-content {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.3rem;
}
.io-col {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.25rem;
font-size: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
gap: 0.22rem;
flex: 1;
min-width: 0;
}
.bit-label {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
.io-row {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
gap: 0.2rem;
}
.stage-result {
.io-badge {
font-size: 0.62rem;
font-weight: bold;
padding: 0.05rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: white;
}
.a-badge { background: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.b-badge { background: #8b5cf6; }
.cin-badge { background: #d97706; }
.s-badge { background: var(--vp-c-success, #16a34a); }
.cout-badge { background: #d97706; }
.io-val {
font-weight: bold;
font-family: monospace;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.sum-val { color: var(--vp-c-success, #16a34a); }
.carry-val { color: #d97706; }
/* 全加器盒子 */
.fa-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.3rem 0.35rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.25rem;
font-size: 0.8rem;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.1rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.fa-label {
font-size: 0.68rem;
font-weight: bold;
}
.sum-bit {
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
.fa-hint {
font-size: 0.6rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.carry-bit {
color: var(--vp-c-warning);
/* 进位提示 */
.carry-hint {
font-size: 0.65rem;
color: #d97706;
text-align: center;
padding: 0.15rem 0;
}
.result-display {
.carry-hint.no-carry {
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
/* 结果栏 */
.result-bar {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.55rem 0.75rem;
display: flex;
gap: 1.5rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.result-row {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.result-row:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
gap: 0.4rem;
align-items: center;
}
.result-label {
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
@@ -292,20 +464,36 @@ const stages = [
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.result-decimal {
.result-eq {
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-success);
color: var(--vp-c-success, #16a34a);
}
/* info box */
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-top: 0.75rem;
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 700px) {
.adder-stages {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
}
}
@media (max-width: 440px) {
.adder-stages {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
</style>
File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff
@@ -2,105 +2,85 @@
<div class="cpu-arch-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">CPU 架构全貌</span>
<span class="subtitle">门电路到处理器</span>
<span class="subtitle">功能单元到完整核心</span>
</div>
<div class="demo-content">
<div class="architecture-layers">
<div
v-for="(layer, i) in layers"
:key="layer.name"
class="layer"
:class="{ active: activeLayer === i }"
@click="activeLayer = activeLayer === i ? null : i"
>
<div class="layer-header">
<span class="layer-icon">{{ layer.icon }}</span>
<span class="layer-name">{{ layer.name }}</span>
<span class="layer-count">{{ layer.count }}</span>
</div>
<Transition name="fade">
<div
v-if="activeLayer === i"
class="layer-detail"
>
<p class="detail-desc">
{{ layer.desc }}
</p>
<div class="detail-example">
<span class="example-label">🌰 例子</span>
<span class="example-content">{{ layer.example }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</Transition>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cpu-components">
<div class="comp-title">
CPU 核心组件
</div>
<div class="comp-grid">
<div
v-for="comp in components"
:key="comp.name"
class="comp-item"
>
<div class="architecture-overview">
<div class="overview-title">核心组件一览静态展示</div>
<div class="overview-grid">
<div v-for="comp in components" :key="comp.name" class="overview-card">
<div class="card-top">
<span class="comp-icon">{{ comp.icon }}</span>
<span class="comp-name">{{ comp.name }}</span>
<span class="comp-desc">{{ comp.desc }}</span>
</div>
<div class="comp-desc">{{ comp.desc }}</div>
<div class="comp-role">{{ comp.role }}</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="instruction-flow">
<div class="flow-title">一条指令在 CPU 内部的流动</div>
<div class="flow-steps">
<div
v-for="(step, index) in instructionFlow"
:key="step.name"
class="flow-step"
>
<span class="step-index">{{ index + 1 }}</span>
<span class="step-name">{{ step.name }}</span>
<span class="step-desc">{{ step.desc }}</span>
<span
v-if="index < instructionFlow.length - 1"
class="step-arrow"
aria-hidden="true"
>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>CPU是层次化构建的晶体管逻辑门功能单元处理器每一层都是下一层的"积木"最终形成能执行程序的"大脑"
<strong>核心思想</strong
>CPU 不是单一部件而是多个功能单元的有序协作控制器负责调度ALU 负责计算寄存器负责高速暂存总线负责连接与传输
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const activeLayer = ref(null)
const layers = [
const components = [
{
name: '晶体管',
icon: '',
count: '数十亿个',
desc: '最基本的开关单元,用半导体材料制成。现代CPU包含数十亿个晶体管。',
example: 'Apple M2 芯片有约 200 亿个晶体管'
icon: '🎮',
name: '控制器(CU',
desc: '负责取指、解码和发出控制信号',
role: '像指挥员,安排每个模块何时工作'
},
{
name: '逻辑门',
icon: '🔌',
count: '数亿个',
desc: '由多个晶体管组成,实现基本逻辑运算(AND、OR、NOT等)。',
example: '一个 AND 门需要 2-6 个晶体管'
icon: '📊',
name: 'ALU',
desc: '执行加减与、或、比较等运算',
role: '像计算器,完成核心算术与逻辑处理'
},
{
name: '功能单元',
icon: '🔧',
count: '数百个',
desc: '由逻辑门组成,实现特定功能:加法器、多路选择器、寄存器等。',
example: '一个 64 位加法器需要约 1000 个逻辑门'
icon: '📁',
name: '寄存器组',
desc: '保存当前最常用的数据和中间结果',
role: '像桌面便签,读写速度远高于内存'
},
{
name: 'CPU 核心',
icon: '🧠',
count: '1-128个',
desc: '包含完整的运算和控制能力,能独立执行指令流。',
example: 'Intel i9-13900K 有 24 核心'
icon: '🚌',
name: '内部总线',
desc: '在模块间传输数据、地址和控制信息',
role: '像高速通道,把各组件连接成整体'
}
]
const components = [
{ icon: '📊', name: 'ALU', desc: '算术逻辑单元,做加减乘除和逻辑运算' },
{ icon: '📁', name: '寄存器', desc: '超高速存储,存放正在处理的数据' },
{ icon: '🎮', name: '控制器', desc: '指挥官,解码指令并协调各部件' },
{ icon: '🚌', name: '总线', desc: '数据高速公路,连接各部件' }
const instructionFlow = [
{ name: '取指', desc: '控制器从缓存/内存取来指令' },
{ name: '解码', desc: '识别指令类型与需要的操作数' },
{ name: '执行', desc: 'ALU 或其他单元完成具体运算' },
{ name: '写回', desc: '结果写入寄存器,供后续指令使用' }
]
</script>
@@ -109,115 +89,59 @@ const components = [
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 1rem;
margin: 1rem 0;
padding: 1.25rem;
margin: 1.25rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.demo-header .title { font-weight: bold; font-size: 1rem; }
.demo-header .subtitle { color: var(--vp-c-text-2); font-size: 0.85rem; margin-left: 0.5rem; }
.architecture-layers {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.layer {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.layer:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.layer.active {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
background: var(--vp-c-brand-soft);
}
.layer-header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.layer-icon {
.demo-header .title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1rem;
}
.layer-name {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.layer-count {
margin-left: auto;
font-size: 0.8rem;
.demo-header .subtitle {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.layer-detail {
margin-top: 0.5rem;
padding-top: 0.5rem;
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.detail-desc {
font-size: 0.85rem;
margin-left: 0.5rem;
}
.overview-title,
.flow-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.92rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.detail-example {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.example-label {
font-weight: bold;
}
.cpu-components {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
}
.comp-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.9rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.comp-grid {
.overview-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
gap: 0.5rem;
gap: 0.6rem;
}
.comp-item {
.overview-card {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
padding: 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 4px;
gap: 0.35rem;
padding: 0.7rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 8px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.card-top {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.45rem;
}
.comp-icon {
font-size: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.comp-name {
@@ -226,27 +150,90 @@ const components = [
}
.comp-desc {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.comp-role {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0.25rem 0.4rem;
}
.instruction-flow {
margin-top: 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 0.75rem;
}
.flow-steps {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
gap: 0.5rem;
align-items: center;
}
.flow-step {
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 999px;
padding: 0.35rem 0.55rem;
}
.step-index {
width: 1.1rem;
height: 1.1rem;
border-radius: 50%;
background: var(--vp-c-brand-soft);
color: var(--vp-c-brand-1);
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-size: 0.72rem;
font-weight: bold;
}
.step-name {
font-size: 0.78rem;
font-weight: bold;
}
.step-desc {
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active {
transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}
.fade-enter-from, .fade-leave-to {
opacity: 0;
.step-arrow {
margin-left: 0.1rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
padding: 0.85rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-top: 0.75rem;
margin-top: 1rem;
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 680px) {
.overview-grid {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
<template>
<div class="evolution-flow-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">全景图从沙子到智能</span>
<span class="subtitle">每一层都是对下一层的抽象封装</span>
</div>
<div class="flow-list">
<div v-for="(step, index) in steps" :key="index" class="flow-row">
<!-- 卡片 -->
<div class="step-card">
<div class="card-left">
<span class="step-icon">{{ step.icon }}</span>
</div>
<div class="card-body">
<div class="card-title">{{ step.title }}</div>
<div class="card-desc">{{ step.desc }}</div>
</div>
<div class="card-right">
<span class="card-count">{{ step.count }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 箭头 -->
<div v-if="index < steps.length - 1" class="flow-arrow">
<div class="arrow-line" />
<div class="arrow-action">{{ step.action }}</div>
<div class="arrow-sym"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>计算机的本质是"开关的组合"通过一层层的抽象封装最底层的物理材料最终变成了能执行任意逻辑的通用计算平台
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
const steps = [
{
icon: '🏖️',
title: '沙子(硅)',
desc: '地球上最丰富的元素之一,提炼出高纯度硅',
count: '原材料',
action: '↓ 提纯 → 切割成晶圆'
},
{
icon: '💿',
title: '硅晶圆',
desc: '直径 30cm 的单晶硅片,表面极其光滑',
count: '基底',
action: '↓ 光刻 → 蚀刻 → 掺杂'
},
{
icon: '⚡',
title: '晶体管(开关)',
desc: 'Gate=1 导通,Gate=0 断开,用电压控制电流',
count: '数百亿个 / 芯片',
action: '↓ 组合成逻辑电路'
},
{
icon: '🔌',
title: '逻辑门',
desc: 'AND / OR / NOT / XOR,实现基本布尔运算',
count: '数十亿个',
action: '↓ 组合成功能模块'
},
{
icon: '🔧',
title: '功能单元',
desc: '加法器、寄存器、多路选择器……各司其职',
count: '数百个',
action: '↓ 集成为完整处理器'
},
{
icon: '🧠',
title: 'CPU 核心',
desc: 'ALU + 控制器 + 寄存器组,执行取指→解码→执行→写回',
count: '1 ~ 128 核',
action: '↓ 软件编程'
},
{
icon: '💻',
title: '软件应用',
desc: '操作系统 / AI 模型 / 游戏 / 网页……一切皆指令',
count: '无限可能',
action: ''
}
]
</script>
<style scoped>
.evolution-flow-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 1rem;
margin: 1rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1rem;
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.82rem;
margin-left: 0.5rem;
}
/* 整体竖向流程 */
.flow-list {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: stretch;
gap: 0;
}
.flow-row {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: stretch;
}
/* 卡片 */
.step-card {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.65rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 0.65rem 0.8rem;
transition: border-color 0.2s;
}
.step-card:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.card-left {
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.step-icon {
font-size: 1.5rem;
}
.card-body {
flex: 1;
min-width: 0;
}
.card-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.9rem;
margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}
.card-desc {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.4;
}
.card-right {
flex-shrink: 0;
text-align: right;
}
.card-count {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 999px;
padding: 0.15rem 0.45rem;
white-space: nowrap;
}
/* 箭头区域 */
.flow-arrow {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.2rem 1rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.arrow-line {
width: 2px;
height: 0.8rem;
background: var(--vp-c-divider);
margin-left: 1.3rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.arrow-action {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-style: italic;
}
.arrow-sym {
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
margin-left: auto;
margin-right: 0.5rem;
}
/* info box */
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-top: 0.8rem;
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
</style>
File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff
@@ -2,308 +2,119 @@
<div class="logic-gate-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">逻辑门用开关做运算</span>
<span class="subtitle">晶体管组合成基本运算单元</span>
<span class="subtitle">切换输入 A / B同屏观察四种门的输出</span>
</div>
<div class="demo-content">
<div class="gate-tabs">
<button
v-for="gate in gates"
:key="gate.name"
:class="['tab-btn', { active: activeGate === gate.name }]"
@click="activeGate = gate.name"
>
{{ gate.name }}
<div class="control-panel">
<span class="panel-hint">点按钮切换 0 / 1右侧四个门同步更新</span>
<div class="input-item">
<span class="input-label">输入 A</span>
<button class="input-btn" :class="{ on: inputA }" @click="inputA = !inputA">
{{ inputA ? '1' : '0' }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="input-item">
<span class="input-label">输入 B</span>
<button class="input-btn" :class="{ on: inputB }" @click="inputB = !inputB">
{{ inputB ? '1' : '0' }}
</button>
</div>
<span class="current-state">当前A={{ inputA ? 1 : 0 }}B={{ inputB ? 1 : 0 }}</span>
</div>
<div class="gate-display">
<div class="gate-visual">
<div class="inputs">
<div class="input-item">
<span>A:</span>
<button
class="input-btn"
:class="{ on: inputA }"
@click="inputA = !inputA"
>
{{ inputA ? '1' : '0' }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="input-item">
<span>B:</span>
<button
class="input-btn"
:class="{ on: inputB }"
@click="inputB = !inputB"
>
{{ inputB ? '1' : '0' }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="gate-symbol">
<svg
viewBox="0 0 120 80"
class="gate-svg"
>
<template v-if="activeGate === 'AND'">
<path
d="M20,20 L20,60 L60,60 Q90,60 90,40 Q90,20 60,20 Z"
fill="none"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="90"
y1="40"
x2="110"
y2="40"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="0"
y1="30"
x2="20"
y2="30"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="0"
y1="50"
x2="20"
y2="50"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
</template>
<template v-else-if="activeGate === 'OR'">
<path
d="M20,20 Q40,40 20,60 Q60,60 90,40 Q60,20 20,20"
fill="none"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="90"
y1="40"
x2="110"
y2="40"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="0"
y1="30"
x2="25"
y2="30"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="0"
y1="50"
x2="25"
y2="50"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
</template>
<template v-else-if="activeGate === 'NOT'">
<polygon
points="20,20 80,40 20,60"
fill="none"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<circle
cx="85"
cy="40"
r="5"
fill="none"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="90"
y1="40"
x2="110"
y2="40"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="0"
y1="40"
x2="20"
y2="40"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
</template>
<template v-else-if="activeGate === 'XOR'">
<path
d="M25,20 Q45,40 25,60 Q65,60 95,40 Q65,20 25,20"
fill="none"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<path
d="M15,20 Q35,40 15,60"
fill="none"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="95"
y1="40"
x2="115"
y2="40"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="0"
y1="30"
x2="30"
y2="30"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="0"
y1="50"
x2="30"
y2="50"
stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
</template>
</svg>
<div class="gate-name">
{{ activeGate }}
</div>
</div>
<div class="output">
<span class="output-label">输出:</span>
<span
class="output-value"
:class="{ on: output }"
>{{ output ? '1' : '0' }}</span>
</div>
<div class="gate-grid">
<div v-for="gate in gates" :key="gate.name" class="gate-card">
<div class="gate-top">
<span class="gate-name">{{ gate.name }}</span>
<span class="gate-formula">{{ gate.formula }}</span>
</div>
<div class="truth-table-mini">
<div class="table-title">
{{ activeGate }} 真值表
</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>A</th>
<th>B</th>
<th>输出</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr
v-for="row in currentTruthTable"
:key="row.a + '-' + row.b"
:class="{ highlight: row.a === (inputA ? 1 : 0) && (activeGate === 'NOT' || row.b === (inputB ? 1 : 0)) }"
>
<td>{{ row.a }}</td>
<td>{{ row.b }}</td>
<td>{{ row.out }}</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="gate-analogy">{{ gate.analogy }}</div>
<div class="gate-output-row">
<span class="output-label">输出</span>
<span
class="output-value"
:class="{ on: gateOutput(gate.name, inputA, inputB) }"
>
{{ gateOutput(gate.name, inputA, inputB) }}
</span>
<span class="output-hint">{{ gateOutput(gate.name, inputA, inputB) ? '(真 / 导通)' : '(假 / 断开)' }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="gate-explanation">
<div class="exp-title">
{{ currentGate.expTitle }}
</div>
<div class="exp-content">
{{ currentGate.expContent }}
</div>
</div>
<div class="truth-section">
<div class="table-title">四种门真值表对照高亮行 = 当前输入</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>A</th>
<th>B</th>
<th>AND</th>
<th>OR</th>
<th>NOT(A)</th>
<th>XOR</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr
v-for="row in truthRows"
:key="`${row.a}-${row.b}`"
:class="{
highlight:
row.a === (inputA ? 1 : 0) && row.b === (inputB ? 1 : 0)
}"
>
<td>{{ row.a }}</td>
<td>{{ row.b }}</td>
<td>{{ gateOutput('AND', !!row.a, !!row.b) }}</td>
<td>{{ gateOutput('OR', !!row.a, !!row.b) }}</td>
<td>{{ gateOutput('NOT', !!row.a, !!row.b) }}</td>
<td>{{ gateOutput('XOR', !!row.a, !!row.b) }}</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>逻辑门用晶体管的"开关"组合实现基本运算AND门像"串联开关"(两个都开才通)OR门像"并联开关"(任一个开就通)
<strong>核心思想</strong>逻辑门用晶体管的"开关"组合实现基本运算AND 像串联OR 像并联NOT 取反XOR 判异所有复杂计算都由这四种基础操作构建而来
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
import { ref } from 'vue'
const activeGate = ref('AND')
const inputA = ref(false)
const inputB = ref(false)
const gates = [
{
name: 'AND',
expTitle: 'AND门:两个都为1才输出1',
expContent: '就像串联的两个开关,必须两个都按下灯才会亮。用于"同时满足多个条件"的场景。'
},
{
name: 'OR',
expTitle: 'OR门:任一个为1就输出1',
expContent: '就像并联的两个开关,按任意一个灯就会亮。用于"满足任一条件"的场景。'
},
{
name: 'NOT',
expTitle: 'NOT门:取反,0变11变0',
expContent: '就像一个反相器,输入开就输出关,输入关就输出开。用于"否定"的场景。'
},
{
name: 'XOR',
expTitle: 'XOR门:相同为0,不同为1',
expContent: '就像"异或"判断,两个输入不同才输出1。用于比较两个值是否不同。'
}
{ name: 'AND', formula: 'A && B', analogy: '串联:都为 1 才输出 1' },
{ name: 'OR', formula: 'A || B', analogy: '并联:任一为 1 就输出 1' },
{ name: 'NOT', formula: '!A', analogy: '取反:0→11→0' },
{ name: 'XOR', formula: 'A ⊕ B', analogy: '判异:不同为 1,相同为 0' }
]
const currentGate = computed(() => gates.find(g => g.name === activeGate.value))
const truthRows = [
{ a: 0, b: 0 },
{ a: 0, b: 1 },
{ a: 1, b: 0 },
{ a: 1, b: 1 }
]
const output = computed(() => {
const a = inputA.value
const b = inputB.value
switch (activeGate.value) {
case 'AND': return a && b ? 1 : 0
case 'OR': return a || b ? 1 : 0
case 'NOT': return a ? 0 : 1
case 'XOR': return a !== b ? 1 : 0
default: return 0
const gateOutput = (name, a, b) => {
switch (name) {
case 'AND':
return a && b ? 1 : 0
case 'OR':
return a || b ? 1 : 0
case 'NOT':
return a ? 0 : 1
case 'XOR':
return a !== b ? 1 : 0
default:
return 0
}
})
const currentTruthTable = computed(() => {
if (activeGate.value === 'NOT') {
return [
{ a: 0, b: '-', out: 1 },
{ a: 1, b: '-', out: 0 }
]
}
const table = []
for (let a = 0; a <= 1; a++) {
for (let b = 0; b <= 1; b++) {
let out = 0
switch (activeGate.value) {
case 'AND': out = a && b ? 1 : 0; break
case 'OR': out = a || b ? 1 : 0; break
case 'XOR': out = a !== b ? 1 : 0; break
}
table.push({ a, b, out })
}
}
return table
})
}
</script>
<style scoped>
@@ -320,65 +131,66 @@ const currentTruthTable = computed(() => {
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.demo-header .title { font-weight: bold; font-size: 1rem; }
.demo-header .subtitle { color: var(--vp-c-text-2); font-size: 0.85rem; margin-left: 0.5rem; }
.gate-tabs {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.tab-btn {
padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.tab-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.gate-display {
display: flex;
gap: 1.5rem;
align-items: flex-start;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.gate-visual {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 1rem;
.demo-header .title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1rem;
}
.inputs {
.demo-header .subtitle {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.82rem;
margin-left: 0.5rem;
}
.control-panel {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.5rem;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.6rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
padding: 0.5rem 0.65rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
}
.panel-hint {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.current-state {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-left: auto;
font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
.input-item {
display: flex;
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
gap: 0.4rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 999px;
padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.input-label {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.input-btn {
width: 36px;
height: 36px;
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 4px;
width: 28px;
height: 28px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 50%;
cursor: pointer;
font-weight: bold;
transition: all 0.2s;
@@ -390,44 +202,76 @@ const currentTruthTable = computed(() => {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.gate-symbol {
width: 120px;
text-align: center;
.gate-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr));
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.gate-svg {
width: 100%;
height: 60px;
.gate-card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 0.55rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.35rem;
}
.gate-top {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
}
.gate-name {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.9rem;
margin-top: 0.25rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand-1);
}
.output {
.gate-formula {
font-family: monospace;
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.gate-analogy {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.3;
}
.gate-output-row {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
gap: 0.35rem;
margin-top: 0.1rem;
}
.output-label {
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-size: 0.7rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.output-hint {
font-size: 0.68rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.output-value {
width: 36px;
height: 36px;
display: flex;
width: 24px;
height: 24px;
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.1rem;
font-size: 0.85rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.output-value.on {
@@ -436,56 +280,42 @@ const currentTruthTable = computed(() => {
border-color: var(--vp-c-success);
}
.truth-table-mini {
flex: 1;
min-width: 150px;
.truth-section {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
.table-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.85rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
table {
width: 100%;
border-collapse: collapse;
table-layout: fixed;
font-size: 0.8rem;
}
th, td {
th,
td {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
padding: 0.3rem 0.5rem;
padding: 0;
height: 2rem;
vertical-align: middle;
text-align: center;
font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}
th {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
font-weight: 600;
}
tr.highlight {
background: var(--vp-c-brand-soft);
}
.gate-explanation {
width: 100%;
margin-top: 1rem;
padding: 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 6px;
}
.exp-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.9rem;
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.exp-content {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
@@ -497,4 +327,14 @@ tr.highlight {
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.gate-grid {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
<template>
<div class="register-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">寄存器存储状态的功能单元</span>
<span class="subtitle">改变输入不会改变存储值必须主动"写入"</span>
</div>
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="control-left">
<span class="ctrl-label">输入值</span>
<button
class="input-toggle"
:class="{ on: inputData === 1 }"
@click="inputData = inputData === 1 ? 0 : 1"
>
{{ inputData }}
</button>
</div>
<button class="write-btn" :class="{ flash: isWriting }" @click="writeOnce">
写入寄存器
</button>
<div class="control-right">
<span class="chip">存储值{{ storedData }}</span>
<span class="chip" :class="{ chip_on: storedData === 1 }">输出{{ storedData === 1 ? '1 ✓' : '0' }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="demo-content">
<div class="flow-diagram">
<div class="flow-node input-node">
<div class="node-label">输入Data</div>
<div class="node-value" :class="{ on: inputData === 1 }">{{ inputData }}</div>
<div class="node-hint">点左侧按钮切换</div>
</div>
<div class="flow-arrow" :class="{ active: isWriting }">
<div class="arrow-line" />
<div class="arrow-tag">{{ isWriting ? '写入中...' : '写入触发' }}</div>
<div class="arrow-head"></div>
</div>
<div class="flow-node register-node" :class="{ flashing: isWriting }">
<div class="node-label">D 触发器寄存器核心</div>
<div class="node-value" :class="{ on: storedData === 1 }">{{ storedData }}</div>
<div class="node-hint">{{ isWriting ? '正在锁存...' : '保持 (Hold)' }}</div>
</div>
<div class="flow-arrow" :class="{ active: storedData === 1 }">
<div class="arrow-line" />
<div class="arrow-tag">输出</div>
<div class="arrow-head"></div>
</div>
<div class="flow-node output-node" :class="{ on: storedData === 1 }">
<div class="node-label">输出Output</div>
<div class="bulb">{{ storedData === 1 ? '💡' : '🌑' }}</div>
<div class="node-hint">{{ storedData === 1 ? '亮(1' : '灭(0' }}</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="state-table">
<div class="table-title">操作步骤说明</div>
<div class="state-rows">
<div class="state-row">
<span class="step-num"></span>
<span>"输入值"按钮切换输入0/1</span>
</div>
<div class="state-row">
<span class="step-num"></span>
<span>此时存储值<strong>不变</strong>这就是寄存器的意义</span>
</div>
<div class="state-row">
<span class="step-num"></span>
<span>"写入寄存器"输入值才被锁入</span>
</div>
<div class="state-row">
<span class="step-num"></span>
<span>写入后再改输入存储值依然<strong>保持</strong>不变</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="diff-display">
<div class="diff-item">
<div class="diff-label">当前输入</div>
<div class="diff-value" :class="{ on: inputData === 1 }">{{ inputData }}</div>
</div>
<div class="diff-sep"></div>
<div class="diff-item">
<div class="diff-label">存储值</div>
<div class="diff-value" :class="{ on: storedData === 1 }">{{ storedData }}</div>
</div>
<div v-if="inputData === storedData" class="diff-same">当前相同</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>寄存器只在"写入"信号触发时更新其余时刻持续锁定当前值这就是 CPU 能在计算过程中稳定保存中间结果的原因
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const inputData = ref(0)
const storedData = ref(0)
const isWriting = ref(false)
const writeOnce = () => {
isWriting.value = true
storedData.value = inputData.value
window.setTimeout(() => {
isWriting.value = false
}, 400)
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.register-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 1rem;
margin: 1rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1rem;
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.82rem;
margin-left: 0.5rem;
}
/* ---- control panel ---- */
.control-panel {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.7rem;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.control-left {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.45rem;
}
.ctrl-label {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.input-toggle {
width: 2rem;
height: 2rem;
border-radius: 50%;
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1rem;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.input-toggle.on {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
background: var(--vp-c-brand-soft);
}
.write-btn {
padding: 0.3rem 0.75rem;
border-radius: 999px;
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-warning);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
color: var(--vp-c-warning-1, #d97706);
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: bold;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.2s;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.write-btn:hover {
background: var(--vp-c-warning-soft);
}
.write-btn.flash {
background: var(--vp-c-warning);
color: white;
transform: scale(0.96);
}
.control-right {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-left: auto;
}
.chip {
font-size: 0.78rem;
padding: 0.2rem 0.45rem;
border-radius: 999px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.chip_on {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
/* ---- main content ---- */
.demo-content {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1.5fr 1fr;
gap: 0.8rem;
}
/* ---- flow diagram ---- */
.flow-diagram {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.8rem;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.3rem;
flex-wrap: nowrap;
overflow-x: auto;
}
.flow-node {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.3rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.node-label {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
text-align: center;
}
.node-value {
width: 2.4rem;
height: 2.4rem;
border-radius: 8px;
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-size: 1.2rem;
font-weight: bold;
font-family: monospace;
transition: all 0.3s;
}
.node-value.on {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
background: var(--vp-c-brand-soft);
}
.node-hint {
font-size: 0.7rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.register-node .node-value {
width: 3rem;
height: 3rem;
font-size: 1.5rem;
border: 3px solid var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.register-node.flashing .node-value {
border-color: var(--vp-c-warning);
box-shadow: 0 0 10px var(--vp-c-warning-soft);
}
.bulb {
font-size: 1.8rem;
filter: grayscale(100%);
opacity: 0.4;
transition: all 0.3s;
}
.output-node.on .bulb {
filter: grayscale(0%);
opacity: 1;
text-shadow: 0 0 12px #facc15;
}
/* ---- arrows ---- */
.flow-arrow {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.2rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.arrow-line {
width: 28px;
height: 2px;
background: var(--vp-c-divider);
transition: background 0.3s;
}
.flow-arrow.active .arrow-line {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.arrow-tag {
font-size: 0.65rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
white-space: nowrap;
}
.arrow-head {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
/* ---- state table ---- */
.state-table {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.8rem;
}
.table-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.85rem;
margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
}
.state-rows {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.state-row {
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
gap: 0.4rem;
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.step-num {
flex-shrink: 0;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.diff-display {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-top: 0.75rem;
padding: 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 6px;
}
.diff-item {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.2rem;
}
.diff-label {
font-size: 0.7rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.diff-value {
width: 1.6rem;
height: 1.6rem;
border-radius: 4px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-weight: bold;
font-family: monospace;
}
.diff-value.on {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
background: var(--vp-c-brand-soft);
}
.diff-sep {
font-size: 1.1rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
font-weight: bold;
}
.diff-same {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
/* ---- info box ---- */
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-top: 0.8rem;
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 760px) {
.demo-content {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
</style>
@@ -2,126 +2,88 @@
<div class="transistor-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">晶体管数字世界的开关</span>
<span class="subtitle">一个开关如何变成计算能力</span>
<span class="subtitle">Gate 电压决定电流能否通过</span>
</div>
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="control-left">
<span class="control-label">栅极输入Gate</span>
<button class="gate-toggle" :class="{ on: isOn }" @click="toggleSwitch">
{{ isOn ? '1高电压' : '0低电压' }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="control-right">
<span class="chip">通道{{ isOn ? '导通' : '断开' }}</span>
<span class="chip">输出{{ isOn ? '1' : '0' }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="demo-content">
<div class="switch-container">
<div
class="switch-area"
@click="toggleSwitch"
>
<div class="transistor-symbol">
<svg
viewBox="0 0 100 80"
class="transistor-svg"
>
<line
x1="10"
y1="40"
x2="35"
y2="40"
stroke="var(--vp-c-text-1)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="65"
y1="40"
x2="90"
y2="40"
stroke="var(--vp-c-text-1)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="50"
y1="20"
x2="50"
y2="35"
stroke="var(--vp-c-text-1)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="50"
y1="45"
x2="50"
y2="60"
stroke="var(--vp-c-text-1)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<line
x1="35"
y1="30"
x2="35"
y2="50"
stroke="var(--vp-c-text-1)"
stroke-width="3"
/>
<line
x1="65"
y1="30"
x2="65"
y2="50"
stroke="var(--vp-c-text-1)"
stroke-width="3"
/>
<line
x1="35"
y1="40"
x2="65"
y2="40"
stroke="var(--vp-c-text-1)"
stroke-width="2"
/>
<circle
cx="50"
cy="60"
r="4"
fill="var(--vp-c-text-1)"
/>
</svg>
<div class="transistor-diagram">
<div class="gate-column">
<div class="gate-title">控制端 Gate</div>
<div class="gate-value" :class="{ on: isOn }">
{{ isOn ? '1' : '0' }}
</div>
<div class="switch-label">
<span class="state-label">{{ isOn ? 'ON (1)' : 'OFF (0)' }}</span>
<div
class="current-flow"
:class="{ active: isOn }"
>
<span class="flow-indicator">电流</span>
</div>
<div class="gate-arrow"> 控制</div>
</div>
<div class="main-channel">
<div class="terminal-box">源极 Source</div>
<div class="channel-track" :class="{ on: isOn }">
<span v-if="!isOn" class="block-icon"></span>
<template v-else>
<span class="flow-dot d1" />
<span class="flow-dot d2" />
<span class="flow-dot d3" />
</template>
</div>
<div class="terminal-box">漏极 Drain</div>
</div>
<div class="result-line" :class="{ on: isOn }">
{{ isOn ? '电流通过:Source → Drain' : '电流被阻断:无法通过通道' }}
</div>
</div>
<div class="truth-table">
<div class="table-title">
晶体管状态表
</div>
<div class="table-title">晶体管状态表</div>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>栅极(控制端)</th>
<th>源极漏极</th>
<th>Gate 输入</th>
<th>通道状态</th>
<th>输出</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr :class="{ highlight: !isOn }">
<td>低电压 (0)</td>
<td>0低电压</td>
<td>断开</td>
<td>0</td>
</tr>
<tr :class="{ highlight: isOn }">
<td>高电压 (1)</td>
<td>1高电压</td>
<td>导通</td>
<td>1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="table-hint">
点上方按钮切换 Gate观察通道状态电流流动如何同步变化
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="step-guide">
<div class="step-item"> 改变 Gate 电压0/1</div>
<div class="step-item"> 通道变为断开/导通</div>
<div class="step-item"> 输出随之变成 0/1</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>晶体管就是一个用电控制的开关给它高电压(1)它就导通给低电压(0)它就断开这是所有数字计算的基础
<strong>核心思想</strong>晶体管本质是电控开关Gate=1 时导通Gate=0
时断开所有数字计算都建立在这种 0/1 开关之上
</div>
</div>
</template>
@@ -149,94 +111,236 @@ const toggleSwitch = () => {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
}
.demo-header .title { font-weight: bold; font-size: 1rem; }
.demo-header .subtitle { color: var(--vp-c-text-2); font-size: 0.85rem; margin-left: 0.5rem; }
.demo-header .title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1rem;
}
.demo-content {
.demo-header .subtitle {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.85rem;
margin-left: 0.5rem;
}
.control-panel {
display: flex;
gap: 1.5rem;
align-items: center;
padding: 0.65rem 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.switch-container {
flex: 1;
min-width: 200px;
}
.switch-area {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 1rem;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.3s;
text-align: center;
}
.switch-area:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.transistor-symbol {
width: 120px;
height: 80px;
margin: 0 auto 0.5rem;
}
.transistor-svg {
width: 100%;
height: 100%;
}
.switch-label {
.control-left {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.25rem;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.55rem;
}
.state-label {
.control-label {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.gate-toggle {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 999px;
padding: 0.3rem 0.65rem;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1.1rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.current-flow {
.gate-toggle.on {
background: var(--vp-c-success-soft);
color: var(--vp-c-success-1);
border-color: var(--vp-c-success);
color: var(--vp-c-success-1);
background: var(--vp-c-success-soft);
}
.control-right {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-left: auto;
}
.chip {
font-size: 0.78rem;
padding: 0.2rem 0.45rem;
border-radius: 999px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.chip.active {
border-color: var(--vp-c-success);
}
.legend-chip {
font-size: 0.72rem;
padding: 0.16rem 0.42rem;
border-radius: 999px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.demo-content {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1.2fr 1fr;
gap: 0.9rem;
}
.transistor-diagram {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.8rem;
}
.gate-column {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.45rem;
margin-bottom: 0.7rem;
}
.gate-title {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
opacity: 0.5;
transition: all 0.3s;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.current-flow.active {
opacity: 1;
color: var(--vp-c-success);
.gate-value {
width: 2rem;
height: 2rem;
border-radius: 50%;
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-weight: bold;
}
.gate-value.on {
border-color: var(--vp-c-success);
color: var(--vp-c-success-1);
background: var(--vp-c-success-soft);
}
.gate-arrow {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.main-channel {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.6fr 1fr;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.55rem;
}
.terminal-box {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.45rem;
text-align: center;
font-size: 0.78rem;
}
.channel-track {
height: 2.4rem;
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 999px;
background: #e5e7eb;
position: relative;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
overflow: hidden;
}
.channel-track.on {
background: var(--vp-c-success-soft);
border-color: var(--vp-c-success);
}
.block-icon {
font-size: 1.1rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.flow-dot {
width: 0.42rem;
height: 0.42rem;
border-radius: 50%;
background: var(--vp-c-success);
position: absolute;
left: -8%;
animation: flow 1.5s linear infinite;
}
.flow-dot.d2 {
animation-delay: 0.45s;
}
.flow-dot.d3 {
animation-delay: 0.9s;
}
@keyframes flow {
from {
left: -8%;
}
to {
left: 105%;
}
}
.result-line {
margin-top: 0.7rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
padding: 0.45rem 0.55rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 6px;
}
.result-line.on {
color: var(--vp-c-success-1);
}
.truth-table {
flex: 1;
min-width: 250px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.8rem;
}
.table-title {
font-weight: bold;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
table {
width: 100%;
border-collapse: collapse;
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-size: 0.84rem;
}
th, td {
th,
td {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
padding: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.45rem;
text-align: center;
}
@@ -248,6 +352,27 @@ tr.highlight {
background: var(--vp-c-brand-soft);
}
.table-hint {
margin-top: 0.55rem;
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.step-guide {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, minmax(0, 1fr));
gap: 0.45rem;
margin-top: 0.8rem;
}
.step-item {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.45rem 0.5rem;
font-size: 0.78rem;
}
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
@@ -259,4 +384,18 @@ tr.highlight {
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 860px) {
.demo-content {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.step-guide {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
</style>
File diff suppressed because it is too large Load Diff
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">硬编码密钥 vs 用环境变量</span>
<span class="subtitle">同样的功能两种写法安全性天壤之别</span>
</div>
<div class="two-col">
<!-- Bad -->
<div class="panel bad">
<div class="panel-title">
<span class="icon"></span> 危险写法密钥写在代码里
</div>
<div class="code-area">
<div class="code-line comment"># Python</div>
<div class="code-line normal">import openai</div>
<div class="code-line normal">&nbsp;</div>
<div class="code-line highlight-bad">client = openai.OpenAI(</div>
<div class="code-line highlight-bad"> api_key=<span class="key-literal">"sk-proj-abc123..."</span></div>
<div class="code-line highlight-bad">)</div>
</div>
<div class="consequences">
<div v-for="c in badConsequences" :key="c" class="consequence bad-item">
<span class="ci">💀</span><span>{{ c }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Good -->
<div class="panel good">
<div class="panel-title">
<span class="icon"></span> 正确写法从环境变量读取
</div>
<div class="code-area">
<div class="code-line comment"># Python</div>
<div class="code-line normal">import openai, os</div>
<div class="code-line normal">&nbsp;</div>
<div class="code-line highlight-good">client = openai.OpenAI(</div>
<div class="code-line highlight-good"> api_key=<span class="key-env">os.environ.get(<span class="key-name">"OPENAI_API_KEY"</span>)</span></div>
<div class="code-line highlight-good">)</div>
</div>
<div class="consequences">
<div v-for="c in goodConsequences" :key="c" class="consequence good-item">
<span class="ci"></span><span>{{ c }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>黄金法则</strong>代码里出现密钥字符串 = 密钥已泄露GitHub Secret Scanner 会在推送后秒级扫描发现 <code>sk-</code> 等前缀就通知厂商吊销即使立刻删除提交Git 历史里仍然保存着
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
const badConsequences = [
'git push 后,密钥就公开在 GitHub 上',
'爬虫秒级扫描,密钥被盗用并产生费用',
'GitHub Secret Scanner 自动吊销密钥',
'删除提交也没用,Git 历史仍保留'
]
const goodConsequences = [
'代码里没有任何密钥信息,可以安全开源',
'不同环境(开发/测试/生产)用不同密钥',
'密钥泄露时只需重新生成,不用改代码',
'团队成员各用各的密钥,互不影响'
]
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 1rem;
margin: 0.75rem 0;
min-width: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.6rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
}
.demo-header .title { font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
.demo-header .subtitle { font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--vp-c-text-2); }
.two-col {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
.two-col { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}
.panel {
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
border: 2px solid;
min-width: 0;
}
.panel.bad { border-color: #f87171; }
.panel.good { border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1); }
.panel-title {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
padding: 0.45rem 0.65rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: bold;
}
.panel.bad .panel-title { background: color-mix(in srgb, #f87171 15%, var(--vp-c-bg-alt)); color: #ef4444; }
.panel.good .panel-title { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-green-1) 12%, var(--vp-c-bg-alt)); color: var(--vp-c-green-1); }
.code-area {
background: #1e1e2e;
padding: 0.5rem 0;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.77rem;
line-height: 1.7;
overflow-x: auto;
}
.code-line {
padding: 0 0.7rem;
white-space: pre;
min-width: max-content;
}
.code-line.comment { color: #6c7086; font-style: italic; }
.code-line.normal { color: #cdd6f4; }
.code-line.highlight-bad { background: color-mix(in srgb, #f87171 10%, transparent); color: #cdd6f4; }
.code-line.highlight-good { background: color-mix(in srgb, #4ade80 6%, transparent); color: #cdd6f4; }
.key-literal { color: #f38ba8; }
.key-env { color: #a6e3a1; }
.key-name { color: #89b4fa; }
.consequences {
padding: 0.55rem 0.65rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.35rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
}
.consequence {
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
gap: 0.4rem;
font-size: 0.76rem;
line-height: 1.4;
}
.bad-item { color: color-mix(in srgb, #f87171 80%, var(--vp-c-text-2)); }
.good-item { color: var(--vp-c-text-2); }
.ci { flex-shrink: 0; font-size: 0.8rem; }
.info-box {
display: block;
background: color-mix(in srgb, #ef4444 8%, var(--vp-c-bg-alt));
border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, #ef4444 30%, transparent);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
font-size: 0.84rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.6;
}
.info-box strong { white-space: nowrap; color: #ef4444; }
.info-box code {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
color: #ef4444;
font-size: 0.8rem;
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,847 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">依赖树 & 版本语义</span>
<span class="subtitle">理解语义化版本号与依赖关系图</span>
</div>
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="tab-group">
<button
v-for="tab in tabs"
:key="tab.id"
:class="['tab-btn', { active: activeTab === tab.id }]"
@click="activeTab = tab.id"
>
{{ tab.label }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Tab: 语义化版本 -->
<div v-if="activeTab === 'semver'" class="visualization-area">
<div class="semver-display">
<div class="version-number">
<div
v-for="part in versionParts"
:key="part.id"
:class="['ver-part', { highlight: hoveredPart === part.id }]"
@mouseenter="hoveredPart = part.id"
@mouseleave="hoveredPart = null"
>
<div class="ver-num">{{ part.num }}</div>
<div class="ver-name" :style="{ color: part.color }">{{ part.label }}</div>
</div>
<div class="ver-dots">
<span>.</span>
<span>.</span>
</div>
</div>
<transition name="fade">
<div v-if="hoveredPart" class="ver-detail" :style="{ borderColor: currentPart.color }">
<div class="ver-detail-title" :style="{ color: currentPart.color }">
{{ currentPart.label }} 版本
</div>
<div class="ver-detail-desc">{{ currentPart.desc }}</div>
<div class="ver-detail-example">
<span class="example-label">示例</span>
<code>{{ currentPart.example }}</code>
</div>
</div>
</transition>
<div v-if="!hoveredPart" class="ver-hint"> 鼠标悬停数字查看含义</div>
</div>
<div class="range-grid">
<div class="range-title">常用版本范围符号</div>
<div
v-for="r in ranges"
:key="r.sym"
:class="['range-card', { active: activeRange === r.sym }]"
@click="activeRange = activeRange === r.sym ? null : r.sym"
>
<code class="range-sym">{{ r.sym }}</code>
<div class="range-name">{{ r.name }}</div>
<div class="range-desc">{{ r.desc }}</div>
<div v-if="activeRange === r.sym" class="range-example">
<div v-for="ex in r.examples" :key="ex.v" class="range-ex-row">
<code>{{ ex.v }}</code>
<span :class="['ex-status', ex.ok ? 'ok' : 'no']">{{ ex.ok ? '✓ 接受' : '✗ 拒绝' }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Tab: 依赖树 -->
<div v-if="activeTab === 'tree'" class="visualization-area">
<div class="scenario-select">
<button
v-for="sc in scenarios"
:key="sc.id"
:class="['scenario-btn', { active: activeScenario === sc.id }]"
@click="activeScenario = sc.id"
>
{{ sc.label }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="tree-container">
<div class="tree-root-node node">
<span class="node-name">{{ currentScenario.root }}</span>
<span class="node-badge root-badge">你的项目</span>
</div>
<div class="tree-level">
<div
v-for="dep in currentScenario.direct"
:key="dep.name"
:class="['tree-branch', dep.conflict ? 'conflict' : '']"
>
<div class="branch-line"></div>
<div class="node dep-node">
<span class="node-name">{{ dep.name }}</span>
<span class="node-ver">{{ dep.version }}</span>
<span v-if="dep.conflict" class="conflict-badge"> 冲突</span>
</div>
<div v-if="dep.children && dep.children.length" class="sub-level">
<div
v-for="child in dep.children"
:key="child.name + dep.name"
:class="['sub-branch', child.conflict ? 'conflict' : '']"
>
<div class="sub-line"></div>
<div class="node sub-node">
<span class="node-name">{{ child.name }}</span>
<span class="node-ver">{{ child.version }}</span>
<span v-if="child.conflict" class="conflict-badge small"></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="scenario-desc" :class="currentScenario.type">
<div class="desc-icon">{{ currentScenario.icon }}</div>
<div class="desc-text">{{ currentScenario.description }}</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Tab: 锁文件 -->
<div v-if="activeTab === 'lockfile'" class="visualization-area">
<div class="lockfile-compare">
<div class="lf-col">
<div class="lf-title">📄 package.json声明意图</div>
<div class="lf-content">
<pre class="code-block">{{ packageJsonExample }}</pre>
</div>
<div class="lf-note">用范围符号声明可以接受哪些版本</div>
</div>
<div class="lf-arrow"></div>
<div class="lf-col">
<div class="lf-title">🔒 package-lock.json固定现实</div>
<div class="lf-content">
<pre class="code-block">{{ lockfileExample }}</pre>
</div>
<div class="lf-note">锁定实际安装的精确版本团队共享</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="lockfile-rules">
<div
v-for="rule in lockfileRules"
:key="rule.title"
class="rule-card"
>
<div class="rule-icon">{{ rule.icon }}</div>
<div class="rule-body">
<div class="rule-title">{{ rule.title }}</div>
<div class="rule-desc">{{ rule.desc }}</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>黄金法则</strong>
<span v-if="activeTab === 'semver'">语义化版本 = MAJOR.MINOR.PATCHMAJOR 变说明有破坏性改动升级需谨慎</span>
<span v-else-if="activeTab === 'tree'">依赖的依赖也是依赖一个包可以间接引入几十个包这就是"依赖树"</span>
<span v-else>把锁文件提交到 Git保证团队每个人每次 CI 安装的包版本完全一致</span>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const activeTab = ref('semver')
const hoveredPart = ref(null)
const activeRange = ref(null)
const activeScenario = ref('normal')
const tabs = [
{ id: 'semver', label: '语义化版本' },
{ id: 'tree', label: '依赖树' },
{ id: 'lockfile', label: '锁文件' }
]
const versionParts = [
{
id: 'major',
num: '2',
label: 'MAJOR',
color: '#ef4444',
desc: '主版本号。有破坏性 API 变更时递增,通常不向后兼容。升级前必须看 CHANGELOG。',
example: 'React 16 → 17 → 18,每次都有较大改动'
},
{
id: 'minor',
num: '8',
label: 'MINOR',
color: '#f59e0b',
desc: '次版本号。新增功能但向后兼容时递增,可以放心升级。',
example: 'axios 1.5.0 → 1.6.0,新增了功能但不影响老用法'
},
{
id: 'patch',
num: '3',
label: 'PATCH',
color: '#22c55e',
desc: '补丁版本号。只修复 bug,完全向后兼容,建议及时升级。',
example: 'lodash 4.17.20 → 4.17.21,修复安全漏洞'
}
]
const currentPart = computed(
() => versionParts.find(p => p.id === hoveredPart.value) || versionParts[0]
)
const ranges = [
{
sym: '^2.8.3',
name: '兼容范围(推荐)',
desc: '允许 MINOR 和 PATCH 升级,锁定 MAJOR',
examples: [
{ v: '2.8.3', ok: true }, { v: '2.9.0', ok: true },
{ v: '3.0.0', ok: false }, { v: '2.8.2', ok: false }
]
},
{
sym: '~2.8.3',
name: '近似范围(保守)',
desc: '只允许 PATCH 升级,锁定 MAJOR 和 MINOR',
examples: [
{ v: '2.8.3', ok: true }, { v: '2.8.9', ok: true },
{ v: '2.9.0', ok: false }, { v: '3.0.0', ok: false }
]
},
{
sym: '2.8.3',
name: '精确版本(严格)',
desc: '只接受这一个版本,完全锁定',
examples: [
{ v: '2.8.3', ok: true }, { v: '2.8.4', ok: false },
{ v: '2.9.0', ok: false }, { v: '2.8.2', ok: false }
]
},
{
sym: '*',
name: '任意版本(危险)',
desc: '接受任何版本,包括主版本升级,生产环境禁止',
examples: [
{ v: '1.0.0', ok: true }, { v: '2.8.3', ok: true },
{ v: '99.0.0', ok: true }, { v: '0.0.1', ok: true }
]
}
]
const scenarios = [
{ id: 'normal', label: '正常依赖' },
{ id: 'shared', label: '共享依赖' },
{ id: 'conflict', label: '版本冲突' }
]
const allScenarios = {
normal: {
root: 'my-app',
type: 'success',
icon: '✅',
description: '正常情况:直接依赖 axios 和 lodash,它们各自有少量子依赖,无冲突。',
direct: [
{
name: 'axios',
version: '^1.6.8',
children: [
{ name: 'follow-redirects', version: '^1.15.6' },
{ name: 'form-data', version: '^4.0.0' }
]
},
{ name: 'lodash', version: '^4.17.21', children: [] }
]
},
shared: {
root: 'my-app',
type: 'info',
icon: '📌',
description: '共享依赖:react-dom 和 react-router 都依赖同一个 react,npm 会自动复用,不重复安装。',
direct: [
{
name: 'react-dom',
version: '^18.2.0',
children: [{ name: 'react', version: '^18.2.0' }]
},
{
name: 'react-router',
version: '^6.22.0',
children: [{ name: 'react', version: '^18.2.0' }]
}
]
},
conflict: {
root: 'my-app',
type: 'warning',
icon: '⚠️',
description: '版本冲突:pkg-a 需要 lodash@^3.0.0pkg-b 需要 lodash@^4.0.0MAJOR 不同无法共享,npm 会安装两份,导致包体积膨胀。',
direct: [
{
name: 'pkg-a',
version: '^1.0.0',
children: [{ name: 'lodash', version: '^3.10.1', conflict: true }]
},
{
name: 'pkg-b',
version: '^2.0.0',
children: [{ name: 'lodash', version: '^4.17.21', conflict: true }]
}
]
}
}
const currentScenario = computed(() => allScenarios[activeScenario.value])
const packageJsonExample = `{
"dependencies": {
"axios": "^1.6.0",
"lodash": "^4.17.0"
}
}`
const lockfileExample = `{
"node_modules/axios": {
"version": "1.6.8",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/...",
"integrity": "sha512-..."
},
"node_modules/lodash": {
"version": "4.17.21",
"resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/..."
}
}`
const lockfileRules = [
{ icon: '📌', title: '必须提交到 Git', desc: '锁文件是团队契约,让所有成员、CI/CD 安装完全相同的版本。' },
{ icon: '🚫', title: '不要手动编辑', desc: '锁文件由包管理器自动维护,手动修改极易引入错误。' },
{ icon: '🔄', title: 'npm install 会更新它', desc: '每次 install/update 后,锁文件会自动更新到最新解析结果。' },
{ icon: '🧪', title: 'npm ci 严格遵守它', desc: 'CI 环境用 npm ci 而非 npm install,保证精确复现锁文件记录的版本。' }
]
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 10px;
overflow: hidden;
margin: 1.5rem 0;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.6rem;
padding: 0.85rem 1.1rem 0.7rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.subtitle {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.control-panel {
padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.tab-group {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.tab-btn {
padding: 0.3rem 0.9rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.83rem;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.15s;
}
.tab-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: #fff;
}
.visualization-area {
padding: 1rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.9rem;
}
/* === Semver Tab === */
.semver-display {
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
gap: 1.5rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.version-number {
display: flex;
align-items: flex-end;
gap: 0;
position: relative;
}
.ver-dots {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
font-size: 2rem;
font-weight: 700;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
gap: 1.5rem;
padding: 0 0.1rem;
line-height: 1;
position: absolute;
left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
pointer-events: none;
display: none;
}
.ver-part {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
padding: 0.5rem 0.8rem;
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.15s;
margin: 0 0.2rem;
}
.ver-part.highlight {
border-color: currentColor;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
transform: translateY(-3px);
box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);
}
.ver-num {
font-size: 2.2rem;
font-weight: 700;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
line-height: 1;
}
.ver-name {
font-size: 0.68rem;
font-weight: 600;
letter-spacing: 0.05em;
margin-top: 0.25rem;
}
.ver-detail {
flex: 1;
min-width: 200px;
padding: 0.7rem 0.9rem;
border: 1.5px solid;
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
}
.ver-detail-title {
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-weight: 700;
margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}
.ver-detail-desc {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.5;
margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.ver-detail-example {
font-size: 0.76rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.example-label {
margin-right: 0.3rem;
}
.ver-hint {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
align-self: center;
}
.range-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(180px, 1fr));
gap: 0.6rem;
}
.range-title {
grid-column: 1 / -1;
font-size: 0.8rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.range-card {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 0.65rem 0.8rem;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.15s;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
}
.range-card:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.range-card.active {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
}
.range-sym {
font-size: 0.95rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
display: block;
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.range-name {
font-size: 0.78rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}
.range-desc {
font-size: 0.74rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
line-height: 1.3;
}
.range-example {
margin-top: 0.5rem;
padding-top: 0.4rem;
border-top: 1px dashed var(--vp-c-divider);
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.2rem;
}
.range-ex-row {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
font-size: 0.74rem;
}
.ex-status.ok { color: #22c55e; }
.ex-status.no { color: #ef4444; }
/* === Tree Tab === */
.scenario-select {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.scenario-btn {
padding: 0.28rem 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.8rem;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.15s;
}
.scenario-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: #fff;
}
.tree-container {
padding: 0.8rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
overflow-x: auto;
}
.tree-root-node {
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.node {
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.35rem;
padding: 0.3rem 0.6rem;
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
white-space: nowrap;
}
.node-name {
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
font-family: monospace;
}
.node-ver {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
font-family: monospace;
}
.node-badge {
font-size: 0.68rem;
padding: 0.1rem 0.4rem;
border-radius: 10px;
}
.root-badge {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: #fff;
}
.conflict-badge {
font-size: 0.7rem;
color: #f59e0b;
}
.conflict-badge.small {
font-size: 0.65rem;
}
.tree-level {
display: flex;
gap: 1rem;
padding-left: 1rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.tree-branch {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: flex-start;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.tree-branch.conflict .dep-node {
border-color: #f59e0b;
}
.branch-line {
width: 2px;
height: 16px;
background: var(--vp-c-divider);
margin-left: 0.8rem;
}
.sub-level {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.3rem;
padding-left: 1.2rem;
}
.sub-branch {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.sub-branch.conflict .sub-node {
border-color: #ef4444;
}
.sub-line {
width: 16px;
height: 2px;
background: var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.sub-node {
font-size: 0.75rem;
}
.scenario-desc {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
align-items: flex-start;
padding: 0.7rem 0.9rem;
border-radius: 8px;
font-size: 0.82rem;
line-height: 1.5;
}
.scenario-desc.success { background: color-mix(in srgb, #22c55e 10%, var(--vp-c-bg)); border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, #22c55e 30%, transparent); }
.scenario-desc.info { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 10%, var(--vp-c-bg)); border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 30%, transparent); }
.scenario-desc.warning { background: color-mix(in srgb, #f59e0b 10%, var(--vp-c-bg)); border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, #f59e0b 30%, transparent); }
.desc-icon { font-size: 1rem; flex-shrink: 0; }
.desc-text { color: var(--vp-c-text-2); }
/* === Lockfile Tab === */
.lockfile-compare {
display: flex;
gap: 0.8rem;
align-items: flex-start;
}
.lf-col {
flex: 1;
}
.lf-title {
font-size: 0.8rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.lf-content {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 160px;
}
.code-block {
margin: 0;
padding: 0.6rem 0.8rem;
font-size: 0.74rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
white-space: pre;
font-family: monospace;
}
.lf-note {
font-size: 0.73rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
margin-top: 0.35rem;
}
.lf-arrow {
font-size: 1.5rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
padding-top: 3rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.lockfile-compare { flex-direction: column; }
.lf-arrow { transform: rotate(90deg); padding-top: 0; align-self: center; }
}
.lockfile-rules {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(200px, 1fr));
gap: 0.6rem;
}
.rule-card {
display: flex;
gap: 0.6rem;
padding: 0.6rem 0.8rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
}
.rule-icon {
font-size: 1.2rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.rule-title {
font-size: 0.8rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}
.rule-desc {
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
line-height: 1.4;
}
/* === Info Box === */
.info-box {
display: block;
padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.5;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.fade-enter-active,
.fade-leave-active {
transition: opacity 0.15s;
}
.fade-enter-from,
.fade-leave-to {
opacity: 0;
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,350 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">.env 文件 + 代码读取</span>
<span class="subtitle">左边写配置右边读取两者之间只有变量名这一条线</span>
</div>
<div class="lang-tabs">
<button
v-for="lang in langs"
:key="lang.id"
class="lang-tab"
:class="{ active: currentLang === lang.id }"
@click="currentLang = lang.id"
>
{{ lang.label }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="two-col">
<!-- Left: .env file -->
<div class="file-panel">
<div class="file-title">
<span class="file-icon">📄</span> .env
<span class="file-badge no-commit">不提交 Git</span>
</div>
<div class="code-area">
<div v-for="(line, i) in envLines" :key="i" class="code-line" :class="line.type">
<span
v-if="line.key"
class="env-key"
:class="{ active: hoveredKey === line.key }"
@mouseenter="hoveredKey = line.key"
@mouseleave="hoveredKey = null"
>{{ line.key }}</span>
<span v-if="line.key" class="env-eq">=</span>
<span v-if="line.key" class="env-val">{{ line.value }}</span>
<span v-else class="env-comment">{{ line.text }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="file-title example">
<span class="file-icon">📋</span> .env.example
<span class="file-badge can-commit">可以提交 Git</span>
</div>
<div class="code-area dim">
<div v-for="(line, i) in exampleLines" :key="i" class="code-line" :class="line.type">
<span v-if="line.key" class="env-key">{{ line.key }}</span>
<span v-if="line.key" class="env-eq">=</span>
<span v-if="line.key" class="env-val empty">值留空</span>
<span v-else class="env-comment">{{ line.text }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Right: code -->
<div class="code-panel">
<div class="file-title">
<span class="file-icon">💻</span> {{ currentLangObj.filename }}
</div>
<div class="code-area">
<div v-for="(line, i) in currentLangObj.lines" :key="i" class="code-line" :class="line.type">
<span class="line-content" v-html="line.text" />
</div>
</div>
<div class="read-result">
<div class="result-title">程序实际读到的值</div>
<div v-for="kv in readResults" :key="kv.key" class="result-row">
<span
class="result-key"
:class="{ active: hoveredKey === kv.key }"
@mouseenter="hoveredKey = kv.key"
@mouseleave="hoveredKey = null"
>{{ kv.key }}</span>
<span class="result-arrow"></span>
<span class="result-val">{{ kv.value }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>工作流程</strong><code>load_dotenv()</code> / <code>import 'dotenv/config'</code> 在启动时读取 <code>.env</code> 文件把里面的键值注入到进程环境变量中代码里再用 <code>os.environ</code> <code>process.env</code> 读取两端只靠变量名连接
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const hoveredKey = ref(null)
const currentLang = ref('python')
const langs = [
{ id: 'python', label: 'Python' },
{ id: 'node', label: 'Node.js' }
]
const envLines = [
{ type: 'comment', text: '# 本地开发配置,不提交到 Git' },
{ key: 'OPENAI_API_KEY', value: 'sk-proj-abc123...' },
{ key: 'DATABASE_URL', value: 'postgresql://localhost/dev' },
{ key: 'PORT', value: '3000' },
{ key: 'NODE_ENV', value: 'development' }
]
const exampleLines = [
{ type: 'comment', text: '# 复制为 .env,填入真实值' },
{ key: 'OPENAI_API_KEY', value: '' },
{ key: 'DATABASE_URL', value: '' },
{ key: 'PORT', value: '' },
{ key: 'NODE_ENV', value: '' }
]
const readResults = [
{ key: 'OPENAI_API_KEY', value: 'sk-proj-abc123...' },
{ key: 'DATABASE_URL', value: 'postgresql://localhost/dev' },
{ key: 'PORT', value: '3000' }
]
const pythonLines = [
{ type: 'comment', text: '# pip install python-dotenv openai' },
{ type: 'normal', text: 'from dotenv import load_dotenv' },
{ type: 'normal', text: 'import os, openai' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '&nbsp;' },
{ type: 'highlight', text: 'load_dotenv() <span class="comment-inline"># 读取 .env 文件</span>' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '&nbsp;' },
{ type: 'normal', text: 'client = openai.OpenAI(' },
{ type: 'highlight', text: ' api_key=os.environ.get(<span class="key-ref">"OPENAI_API_KEY"</span>)' },
{ type: 'normal', text: ')' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '&nbsp;' },
{ type: 'normal', text: 'db = os.environ.get(<span class="key-ref">"DATABASE_URL"</span>)' },
{ type: 'normal', text: 'port = int(os.environ.get(<span class="key-ref">"PORT"</span>, 8000))' }
]
const nodeLines = [
{ type: 'comment', text: '# npm install dotenv openai' },
{ type: 'highlight', text: "import 'dotenv/config' <span class=\"comment-inline\">// 读取 .env 文件</span>" },
{ type: 'normal', text: "import OpenAI from 'openai'" },
{ type: 'normal', text: '&nbsp;' },
{ type: 'normal', text: 'const client = new OpenAI({' },
{ type: 'highlight', text: ' apiKey: process.env.<span class="key-ref">OPENAI_API_KEY</span>' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '})' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '&nbsp;' },
{ type: 'normal', text: 'const db = process.env.<span class="key-ref">DATABASE_URL</span>' },
{ type: 'normal', text: 'const port = process.env.<span class="key-ref">PORT</span> ?? 8000' }
]
const currentLangObj = computed(() => {
if (currentLang.value === 'python') {
return { filename: 'main.py', lines: pythonLines }
}
return { filename: 'index.js', lines: nodeLines }
})
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 1rem;
margin: 0.75rem 0;
min-width: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.6rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.demo-header .title { font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
.demo-header .subtitle { font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--vp-c-text-2); }
.lang-tabs {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.lang-tab {
padding: 0.25rem 0.7rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
transition: all 0.15s;
}
.lang-tab.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
}
.two-col {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
@media (max-width: 620px) {
.two-col { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}
.file-panel, .code-panel {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0;
min-width: 0;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.file-title {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
padding: 0.3rem 0.6rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
}
.file-title.example {
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.file-icon { flex-shrink: 0; }
.file-badge {
margin-left: auto;
font-size: 0.65rem;
padding: 0.1rem 0.4rem;
border-radius: 3px;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-base);
}
.file-badge.no-commit { background: color-mix(in srgb, #f87171 15%, transparent); color: #ef4444; }
.file-badge.can-commit { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-green-1) 15%, transparent); color: var(--vp-c-green-1); }
.code-area {
background: #1e1e2e;
padding: 0.45rem 0;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.77rem;
line-height: 1.7;
overflow-x: auto;
}
.code-area.dim { background: #16131e; opacity: 0.75; }
.code-line {
padding: 0 0.65rem;
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0;
min-width: max-content;
}
.code-line.highlight { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 8%, transparent); }
.code-line.comment .env-comment { color: #6c7086; font-style: italic; }
.env-key {
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-weight: bold;
cursor: default;
transition: background 0.15s;
border-radius: 2px;
padding: 0 1px;
}
.env-key.active { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 25%, transparent); }
.env-eq { color: #45475a; margin: 0 1px; }
.env-val { color: #a6e3a1; }
.env-val.empty { color: #45475a; font-style: italic; }
.env-comment { color: #6c7086; font-style: italic; }
.line-content { color: #cdd6f4; white-space: pre; }
.code-line.comment .line-content { color: #6c7086; font-style: italic; }
.code-line.highlight .line-content { color: #cdd6f4; }
:deep(.key-ref) { color: var(--vp-c-brand); font-weight: bold; }
:deep(.comment-inline) { color: #6c7086; font-style: italic; }
.read-result {
background: #11111b;
border-top: 1px solid #313244;
padding: 0.5rem 0.65rem;
}
.result-title {
font-size: 0.68rem;
color: #6c7086;
margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-base);
}
.result-row {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.75rem;
line-height: 1.7;
}
.result-key {
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-weight: bold;
cursor: default;
border-radius: 2px;
padding: 0 1px;
transition: background 0.15s;
}
.result-key.active { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 25%, transparent); }
.result-arrow { color: #45475a; }
.result-val { color: #a6e3a1; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
.info-box {
display: block;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
font-size: 0.84rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.6;
}
.info-box strong { white-space: nowrap; color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
.info-box code {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-size: 0.8rem;
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">export 决定子进程能不能"看见"变量</span>
<span class="subtitle">切换开关观察子进程是否能读到父进程设置的变量</span>
</div>
<div class="control-panel">
<label class="toggle-wrap">
<span class="toggle-label">使用 <code>export</code></span>
<button class="toggle-btn" :class="{ on: useExport }" @click="useExport = !useExport">
<span class="thumb" />
</button>
</label>
</div>
<div class="two-col">
<!-- Parent shell -->
<div class="shell-box parent">
<div class="shell-title">父进程Shell</div>
<div class="shell-body">
<div class="cmd-line">
<span class="prompt">$</span>
<span class="cmd" :class="{ exported: useExport }">
<span v-if="useExport">export </span>MY_VAR="hello"
</span>
</div>
<div class="cmd-line">
<span class="prompt">$</span>
<span class="cmd">echo $MY_VAR</span>
</div>
<div class="output">hello</div>
<div class="cmd-line">
<span class="prompt">$</span>
<span class="cmd">bash -c 'echo $MY_VAR'</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Arrow -->
<div class="arrow-col">
<div class="arrow-label">启动子进程</div>
<div class="arrow-icon"></div>
<div class="inherit-tag" :class="useExport ? 'yes' : 'no'">
{{ useExport ? '变量已继承' : '变量未继承' }}
</div>
</div>
<!-- Child shell -->
<div class="shell-box child" :class="{ has: useExport, missing: !useExport }">
<div class="shell-title">子进程bash -c ...</div>
<div class="shell-body">
<div class="cmd-line">
<span class="prompt">$</span>
<span class="cmd">echo $MY_VAR</span>
</div>
<div v-if="useExport" class="output success">hello</div>
<div v-else class="output empty">什么都没有</div>
<div class="cmd-line muted">
<span class="prompt">#</span>
<span class="cmd muted-text">子进程无法修改父进程的变量</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>{{ useExport ? '有 export' : '没有 export' }}</strong>
{{ useExport
? '变量被标记为"可导出",子进程启动时自动继承一份副本。'
: '变量只存在于当前 Shell,子进程读到的是空字符串。' }}
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const useExport = ref(false)
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 1rem;
margin: 0.75rem 0;
min-width: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.6rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
}
.demo-header .title { font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
.demo-header .subtitle { font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--vp-c-text-2); }
.control-panel {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.55rem 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
}
.toggle-wrap {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.65rem;
cursor: pointer;
}
.toggle-label {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
user-select: none;
}
.toggle-label code {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.toggle-btn {
position: relative;
width: 44px;
height: 24px;
border-radius: 12px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.25s;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.toggle-btn.on {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.thumb {
position: absolute;
width: 18px;
height: 18px;
border-radius: 50%;
background: var(--vp-c-text-2);
top: 2px;
left: 2px;
transition: all 0.25s;
}
.toggle-btn.on .thumb {
left: 22px;
background: white;
}
/* ── Two column layout ── */
.two-col {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
gap: 0.6rem;
align-items: center;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
@media (max-width: 600px) {
.two-col {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.arrow-col { flex-direction: row; justify-content: center; }
}
.shell-box {
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
background: #1e1e2e;
transition: border-color 0.3s;
min-width: 0;
}
.shell-box.has { border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1); }
.shell-box.missing { border-color: color-mix(in srgb, #f87171 60%, transparent); }
.shell-title {
background: #181825;
padding: 0.28rem 0.65rem;
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: #6c7086;
}
.shell-body {
padding: 0.5rem 0.65rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.8rem;
line-height: 1.8;
}
.cmd-line { display: flex; gap: 0.4rem; align-items: baseline; }
.prompt { color: #6c7086; flex-shrink: 0; }
.cmd { color: #cdd6f4; word-break: break-all; }
.cmd.exported { color: #a6e3a1; }
.muted .prompt { color: #45475a; }
.muted-text { color: #45475a; font-style: italic; font-size: 0.72rem; }
.output {
padding-left: 1rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.output.success { color: #a6e3a1; }
.output.empty { color: #585b70; font-style: italic; }
.arrow-col {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.3rem;
}
.arrow-label { font-size: 0.7rem; color: var(--vp-c-text-3); white-space: nowrap; }
.arrow-icon {
font-size: 1.4rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
transition: color 0.3s;
}
.inherit-tag {
font-size: 0.7rem;
padding: 0.15rem 0.45rem;
border-radius: 4px;
font-weight: bold;
white-space: nowrap;
transition: all 0.3s;
}
.inherit-tag.yes { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-green-1) 15%, transparent); color: var(--vp-c-green-1); border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-green-1); }
.inherit-tag.no { background: color-mix(in srgb, #f87171 12%, transparent); color: #f87171; border: 1px solid #f87171; }
.info-box {
display: block;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
font-size: 0.84rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.6;
}
.info-box strong { white-space: nowrap; color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">环境变量的三个层级</span>
<span class="subtitle">变量从外到内单向传递子进程继承父进程的副本</span>
</div>
<div class="scope-stack">
<div class="scope-layer system">
<div class="layer-header">
<span class="layer-icon">🖥</span>
<div>
<div class="layer-title">系统级 <code>/etc/environment</code></div>
<div class="layer-desc">所有用户所有进程都能看到由管理员配置</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="var-list">
<div v-for="v in systemVars" :key="v.key" class="var-chip system-chip">
<span class="chip-key">{{ v.key }}</span><span class="chip-eq">=</span><span class="chip-val">{{ v.value }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="arrow-row">
<span class="arrow-line" />
<span class="arrow-label"> 子进程继承父进程环境</span>
<span class="arrow-line" />
</div>
<div class="scope-layer user">
<div class="layer-header">
<span class="layer-icon">👤</span>
<div>
<div class="layer-title">用户级 <code>~/.zshrc</code></div>
<div class="layer-desc">只影响当前用户登录 Shell 启动时自动加载</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="var-list">
<div v-for="v in userVars" :key="v.key" class="var-chip user-chip">
<span class="chip-key">{{ v.key }}</span><span class="chip-eq">=</span><span class="chip-val">{{ v.value }}</span>
</div>
<div class="add-row">
<input v-model="newKey" class="var-input" placeholder="KEY" maxlength="18" @keyup.enter="addVar" />
<span class="eq-sign">=</span>
<input v-model="newVal" class="var-input" placeholder="value" maxlength="24" @keyup.enter="addVar" />
<button class="add-btn" :disabled="!newKey || !newVal" @click="addVar">export</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="arrow-row">
<span class="arrow-line" />
<span class="arrow-label"> 启动子进程 node app.js</span>
<span class="arrow-line" />
</div>
<div class="scope-layer process">
<div class="layer-header">
<span class="layer-icon"></span>
<div>
<div class="layer-title">进程级当前运行的程序</div>
<div class="layer-desc">继承所有上层变量退出后消失修改不影响父进程</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="var-list">
<div v-for="v in processVars" :key="v.key" class="var-chip process-chip" :class="{ 'is-new': v.isNew }">
<span class="chip-key">{{ v.key }}</span><span class="chip-eq">=</span><span class="chip-val">{{ v.value }}</span>
<span v-if="v.isNew" class="new-badge">你加的</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>单向传递</strong>变量只能向下继承子进程修改变量值不会影响父进程关闭终端后直接 <code>export</code> 的变量也会消失
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const systemVars = [
{ key: 'PATH', value: '/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin' },
{ key: 'LANG', value: 'zh_CN.UTF-8' },
{ key: 'TZ', value: 'Asia/Shanghai' }
]
const baseUserVars = [
{ key: 'HOME', value: '/Users/alice' },
{ key: 'SHELL', value: '/bin/zsh' },
{ key: 'NVM_DIR', value: '$HOME/.nvm' }
]
const extraVars = ref([])
const newKey = ref('')
const newVal = ref('')
const userVars = computed(() => [...baseUserVars, ...extraVars.value])
const processVars = computed(() => [
...systemVars,
...userVars.value.map((v) => ({ ...v })),
{ key: 'NODE_ENV', value: 'development' },
{ key: 'PORT', value: '3000' }
])
const addVar = () => {
if (!newKey.value || !newVal.value) return
const key = newKey.value.toUpperCase().replace(/[^A-Z0-9_]/g, '_')
if (extraVars.value.some((v) => v.key === key)) return
extraVars.value.push({ key, value: newVal.value, isNew: true })
newKey.value = ''
newVal.value = ''
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 1rem;
margin: 0.75rem 0;
min-width: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.6rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.scope-stack {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
min-width: 0;
}
.scope-layer {
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 0.7rem 0.85rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
}
.scope-layer.system {
border-color: var(--vp-c-yellow-1, #f59e0b);
background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-yellow-1, #f59e0b) 5%, var(--vp-c-bg));
}
.scope-layer.user {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 5%, var(--vp-c-bg));
}
.scope-layer.process {
border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-green-1) 5%, var(--vp-c-bg));
}
.layer-header {
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
gap: 0.55rem;
margin-bottom: 0.55rem;
}
.layer-icon {
font-size: 1.1rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
margin-top: 1px;
}
.layer-title {
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
margin-bottom: 0.1rem;
}
.layer-title code {
font-size: 0.78rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.layer-desc {
font-size: 0.76rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.4;
}
.var-list {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
gap: 0.4rem;
align-items: center;
min-width: 0;
}
.var-chip {
display: inline-flex;
align-items: center;
padding: 0.18rem 0.45rem;
border-radius: 4px;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid;
max-width: 100%;
min-width: 0;
}
.system-chip { border-color: var(--vp-c-yellow-1, #f59e0b); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-yellow-1, #f59e0b) 12%, var(--vp-c-bg)); }
.user-chip { border-color: var(--vp-c-brand); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 10%, var(--vp-c-bg)); }
.process-chip { border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1); background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-green-1) 10%, var(--vp-c-bg)); }
.process-chip.is-new { border-style: dashed; }
.chip-key { font-weight: bold; color: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.chip-eq { color: var(--vp-c-text-3); margin: 0 1px; }
.chip-val { color: var(--vp-c-text-2); max-width: 110px; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; white-space: nowrap; }
.new-badge {
margin-left: 0.35rem;
background: var(--vp-c-green-1);
color: white;
font-size: 0.62rem;
padding: 0 0.28rem;
border-radius: 3px;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-base);
white-space: nowrap;
}
.add-row {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.3rem;
width: 100%;
margin-top: 0.1rem;
}
.var-input {
flex: 1;
min-width: 0;
padding: 0.22rem 0.4rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.76rem;
outline: none;
}
.var-input:focus { border-color: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.eq-sign { color: var(--vp-c-text-3); font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono); }
.add-btn {
padding: 0.22rem 0.6rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.76rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.add-btn:disabled { opacity: 0.4; cursor: not-allowed; }
.arrow-row {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.3rem 0;
}
.arrow-line {
flex: 1;
height: 1px;
background: var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.arrow-label {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
white-space: nowrap;
}
.info-box {
display: block;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
font-size: 0.84rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.6;
}
.info-box strong { white-space: nowrap; color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
.info-box code {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.8rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,354 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">环境变量浏览器</span>
<span class="subtitle">点击任意变量行在终端中查看它的值和作用</span>
</div>
<div class="content-layout">
<div class="env-table">
<div class="table-header">
<span>变量名</span>
<span>示例值</span>
</div>
<div
v-for="item in envVars"
:key="item.key"
class="env-row"
:class="{ selected: selected?.key === item.key }"
@click="echoVar(item)"
>
<span class="env-key">{{ item.key }}</span>
<span class="env-value">{{ item.value }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="terminal-panel">
<div class="term-titlebar">
<span class="dot red" />
<span class="dot yellow" />
<span class="dot green" />
<span class="term-name">bash</span>
</div>
<div ref="termBody" class="term-body">
<div
v-for="line in termLines"
:key="line.id"
:class="['term-line', `line-${line.type}`]"
>
{{ line.text }}
</div>
<div class="term-prompt">$ <span class="cursor"></span></div>
</div>
<div v-if="selected" class="term-desc">
<div class="desc-title">{{ selected.key }}</div>
<div class="desc-body">{{ selected.desc }}</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心概念</strong>环境变量是每个进程持有的一组=配置程序启动时自动从父进程继承一份可随时通过
<code>echo $变量名</code> 查看 <code>export KEY=value</code> 设置
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, nextTick } from 'vue'
let lineId = 0
const termLines = ref([{ id: lineId++, type: 'hint', text: '← 点击左侧任意变量行来查看它' }])
const selected = ref(null)
const termBody = ref(null)
const envVars = [
{
key: 'HOME',
value: '/Users/alice',
desc: '当前用户的主目录路径。cd ~ 本质上就是跳到 $HOME。很多程序把配置文件存在这里。'
},
{
key: 'USER',
value: 'alice',
desc: '当前登录的用户名。服务器程序常用它做权限判断或日志记录。'
},
{
key: 'SHELL',
value: '/bin/zsh',
desc: '当前使用的 Shell 程序路径。决定了你输入命令后由哪个程序来解释执行。'
},
{
key: 'PATH',
value: '/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin',
desc: '最重要的环境变量!Shell 查找可执行文件时,依次在这些目录里搜索,用冒号分隔。见下方演示。'
},
{
key: 'PWD',
value: '/Users/alice/projects',
desc: '当前工作目录(Print Working Directory)。就是你现在"站在"的那个目录。'
},
{
key: 'LANG',
value: 'zh_CN.UTF-8',
desc: '系统语言和字符编码。影响程序的错误提示语言、日期格式、排序规则等。'
},
{
key: 'NODE_ENV',
value: 'development',
desc: '开发者自定义变量。告诉 Node.js 应用当前是开发(development)还是生产(production)环境,影响日志、错误显示等行为。'
},
{
key: 'OPENAI_API_KEY',
value: 'sk-••••••••••••••••',
desc: '开发者自定义变量,存储 API 密钥。把密钥放在环境变量里(而非写死在代码里)是重要的安全最佳实践。'
}
]
const echoVar = (item) => {
selected.value = item
termLines.value.push(
{ id: lineId++, type: 'cmd', text: `$ echo $${item.key}` },
{ id: lineId++, type: 'output', text: item.value }
)
nextTick(() => {
if (termBody.value) {
termBody.value.scrollTop = termBody.value.scrollHeight
}
})
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 1rem;
margin: 0.75rem 0;
min-width: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.content-layout {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
.content-layout {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
.env-table {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
}
.table-header {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.4fr;
padding: 0.4rem 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-weight: 600;
}
.env-row {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.4fr;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
cursor: pointer;
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.8rem;
transition: background 0.15s;
align-items: center;
}
.env-row:last-child {
border-bottom: none;
}
.env-row:hover {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
}
.env-row.selected {
background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 12%, transparent);
border-left: 3px solid var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.env-key {
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.78rem;
}
.env-value {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.76rem;
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.terminal-panel {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
background: #1e1e2e;
}
.term-titlebar {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
padding: 0.45rem 0.75rem;
background: #181825;
}
.dot {
width: 11px;
height: 11px;
border-radius: 50%;
display: inline-block;
}
.dot.red {
background: #ff5f57;
}
.dot.yellow {
background: #febc2e;
}
.dot.green {
background: #28c840;
}
.term-name {
margin-left: 0.4rem;
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: #6c7086;
}
.term-body {
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
min-height: 150px;
max-height: 200px;
overflow-y: auto;
overflow-x: hidden;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.8rem;
line-height: 1.7;
word-break: break-all;
}
.term-line {
margin: 0;
}
.line-hint {
color: #585b70;
font-style: italic;
}
.line-cmd {
color: #a6e3a1;
}
.line-output {
color: #cdd6f4;
}
.term-prompt {
color: #585b70;
margin-top: 0.25rem;
}
.cursor {
animation: blink 1s step-end infinite;
color: #cdd6f4;
}
@keyframes blink {
0%,
100% {
opacity: 1;
}
50% {
opacity: 0;
}
}
.term-desc {
border-top: 1px solid #313244;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
background: #11111b;
}
.desc-title {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-weight: bold;
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
}
.desc-body {
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: #7f849c;
line-height: 1.5;
}
.info-box {
display: block;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.6;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.info-box code {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.8rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,549 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">npm install 全过程模拟</span>
<span class="subtitle">观察一个包从命令行到磁盘的完整安装旅程</span>
</div>
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="input-row">
<span class="pm-label">$ npm install</span>
<select v-model="selectedPkg" class="pkg-select" :disabled="installing">
<option v-for="p in packages" :key="p.name" :value="p.name">{{ p.name }}</option>
</select>
<button class="install-btn" :disabled="installing" @click="runInstall">
{{ installing ? '安装中' : '运行' }}
</button>
<button class="reset-btn" :disabled="installing" @click="resetAll">重置</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="two-col">
<!-- 左侧安装日志 -->
<div class="log-panel">
<div class="panel-title">📟 安装日志</div>
<div ref="logRef" class="log-body">
<div
v-for="(line, i) in logs"
:key="i"
:class="['log-line', `log-${line.type}`]"
>
<span class="log-time">{{ line.time }}</span>
<span class="log-text">{{ line.text }}</span>
</div>
<div v-if="!logs.length" class="log-empty">等待运行</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 右侧文件结构 + package.json -->
<div class="right-panel">
<div class="panel-title">📁 文件结构变化</div>
<div class="file-tree">
<div class="tree-line">my-project/</div>
<div class="tree-line"> package.json</div>
<div :class="['tree-line', { highlight: showLock }]">
{{ showLock ? '├── package-lock.json ✨' : '├── package-lock.json' }}
</div>
<div class="tree-line"> node_modules/</div>
<template v-for="dep in installedDeps" :key="dep.name">
<div class="tree-line dep-line animate-in">
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{{ dep.isLast ? '└──' : '├──' }} {{ dep.name }}/ <span class="dep-ver">{{ dep.version }}</span>
</div>
</template>
</div>
<div class="panel-title" style="margin-top: 0.8rem;">📄 package.json</div>
<div class="json-view">
<pre class="json-pre">{{ packageJsonStr }}</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 阶段进度条 -->
<div class="phases">
<div
v-for="ph in phases"
:key="ph.id"
:class="['phase-item', ph.status]"
>
<div class="phase-dot"></div>
<div class="phase-info">
<div class="phase-name">{{ ph.name }}</div>
<div class="phase-desc">{{ ph.desc }}</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心机制</strong>安装时先解析依赖树 去注册表下载 解压到 node_modules 写入锁文件锁文件确保团队所有人安装完全一致的版本
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed, nextTick } from 'vue'
const packages = [
{
name: 'axios',
version: '1.6.8',
deps: [
{ name: 'follow-redirects', version: '1.15.6' },
{ name: 'form-data', version: '4.0.0' },
{ name: 'proxy-from-env', version: '1.1.0' }
],
type: 'dependencies'
},
{
name: 'lodash',
version: '4.17.21',
deps: [],
type: 'dependencies'
},
{
name: 'typescript',
version: '5.4.5',
deps: [],
type: 'devDependencies'
},
{
name: 'vue',
version: '3.4.21',
deps: [
{ name: '@vue/compiler-core', version: '3.4.21' },
{ name: '@vue/reactivity', version: '3.4.21' },
{ name: '@vue/runtime-dom', version: '3.4.21' }
],
type: 'dependencies'
}
]
const selectedPkg = ref('axios')
const installing = ref(false)
const logs = ref([])
const installedDeps = ref([])
const showLock = ref(false)
const logRef = ref(null)
const phases = ref([
{ id: 'resolve', name: '依赖解析', desc: '分析所有需要的包', status: 'pending' },
{ id: 'fetch', name: '下载 & 解压', desc: '从 registry 拉取 tarball', status: 'pending' },
{ id: 'link', name: '链接模块', desc: '写入 node_modules/', status: 'pending' },
{ id: 'lockfile', name: '写锁文件', desc: '固化精确版本', status: 'pending' }
])
const baseJson = {
name: 'my-project',
version: '1.0.0',
dependencies: {},
devDependencies: {}
}
const jsonData = ref(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(baseJson)))
const packageJsonStr = computed(() => JSON.stringify(jsonData.value, null, 2))
function getTime() {
return new Date().toLocaleTimeString('zh-CN', { hour12: false })
}
function addLog(text, type = 'info') {
logs.value.push({ time: getTime(), text, type })
nextTick(() => {
if (logRef.value) logRef.value.scrollTop = logRef.value.scrollHeight
})
}
function sleep(ms) {
return new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, ms))
}
function setPhase(id, status) {
const ph = phases.value.find(p => p.id === id)
if (ph) ph.status = status
}
async function runInstall() {
if (installing.value) return
installing.value = true
logs.value = []
installedDeps.value = []
showLock.value = false
phases.value.forEach(p => (p.status = 'pending'))
const pkg = packages.find(p => p.name === selectedPkg.value)
if (!pkg) { installing.value = false; return }
addLog(`> npm install ${pkg.name}`, 'cmd')
await sleep(300)
// Phase 1: resolve
setPhase('resolve', 'active')
addLog(`正在解析 ${pkg.name}@${pkg.version} 的依赖…`, 'info')
await sleep(500)
const allPkgs = [pkg, ...pkg.deps]
for (const dep of pkg.deps) {
addLog(` 找到依赖: ${dep.name}@${dep.version}`, 'dep')
await sleep(200)
}
addLog(`共需安装 ${allPkgs.length} 个包`, 'success')
setPhase('resolve', 'done')
await sleep(300)
// Phase 2: fetch
setPhase('fetch', 'active')
for (const dep of allPkgs) {
addLog(`↓ 下载 ${dep.name}-${dep.version}.tgz`, 'fetch')
await sleep(300)
}
setPhase('fetch', 'done')
await sleep(200)
// Phase 3: link
setPhase('link', 'active')
for (let i = 0; i < allPkgs.length; i++) {
const dep = allPkgs[i]
addLog(`📂 解压 → node_modules/${dep.name}/`, 'link')
installedDeps.value.push({
name: dep.name,
version: dep.version,
isLast: i === allPkgs.length - 1
})
await sleep(250)
}
setPhase('link', 'done')
await sleep(200)
// Phase 4: lockfile
setPhase('lockfile', 'active')
showLock.value = true
addLog('✏️ 写入 package-lock.json', 'lock')
await sleep(300)
// Update package.json
const updated = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(baseJson))
if (pkg.type === 'dependencies') {
updated.dependencies[pkg.name] = `^${pkg.version}`
} else {
updated.devDependencies[pkg.name] = `^${pkg.version}`
}
jsonData.value = updated
setPhase('lockfile', 'done')
addLog(`✅ 完成!新增 ${pkg.name}@${pkg.version}`, 'success')
installing.value = false
}
function resetAll() {
logs.value = []
installedDeps.value = []
showLock.value = false
phases.value.forEach(p => (p.status = 'pending'))
jsonData.value = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(baseJson))
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 10px;
overflow: hidden;
margin: 1.5rem 0;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.6rem;
padding: 0.85rem 1.1rem 0.7rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.subtitle {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.control-panel {
padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.input-row {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.pm-label {
font-family: monospace;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
white-space: nowrap;
}
.pkg-select {
flex: 1;
min-width: 120px;
padding: 0.3rem 0.5rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
font-size: 0.85rem;
cursor: pointer;
}
.install-btn {
padding: 0.3rem 0.9rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: #fff;
border: none;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.83rem;
cursor: pointer;
transition: opacity 0.15s;
}
.install-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.5;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.reset-btn {
padding: 0.3rem 0.7rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.83rem;
cursor: pointer;
}
.reset-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.4;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.visualization-area {
padding: 1rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.8rem;
}
.two-col {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 0.8rem;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.two-col {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
.panel-title {
font-size: 0.78rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.log-panel {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
.log-body {
flex: 1;
min-height: 160px;
max-height: 200px;
overflow-y: auto;
background: #1a1a2e;
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem;
font-family: monospace;
font-size: 0.76rem;
}
.log-line {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
padding: 0.1rem 0;
}
.log-time {
color: #555;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.log-cmd .log-text { color: #7dd3fc; }
.log-info .log-text { color: #94a3b8; }
.log-dep .log-text { color: #fbbf24; }
.log-fetch .log-text { color: #60a5fa; }
.log-link .log-text { color: #a78bfa; }
.log-lock .log-text { color: #fb923c; }
.log-success .log-text { color: #4ade80; }
.log-empty { color: #555; font-size: 0.75rem; }
.right-panel {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
.file-tree {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem;
font-family: monospace;
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.tree-line {
padding: 0.05rem 0;
transition: color 0.3s;
}
.tree-line.highlight {
color: var(--vp-c-warning-1, #f59e0b);
font-weight: 600;
}
.dep-line {
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
animation: slideIn 0.3s ease;
}
.dep-ver {
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
font-size: 0.72rem;
}
@keyframes slideIn {
from { opacity: 0; transform: translateX(-6px); }
to { opacity: 1; transform: translateX(0); }
}
.json-view {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: auto;
max-height: 130px;
}
.json-pre {
margin: 0;
padding: 0.5rem;
font-size: 0.74rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
white-space: pre;
}
.phases {
display: flex;
gap: 0;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.phase-item {
flex: 1;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
padding: 0.5rem 0.7rem;
border-right: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
transition: background 0.2s;
}
.phase-item:last-child {
border-right: none;
}
.phase-item.active {
background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 10%, var(--vp-c-bg));
}
.phase-item.done {
background: color-mix(in srgb, #22c55e 8%, var(--vp-c-bg));
}
.phase-dot {
width: 10px;
height: 10px;
border-radius: 50%;
flex-shrink: 0;
background: var(--vp-c-divider);
transition: background 0.2s;
}
.phase-item.active .phase-dot {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 25%, transparent);
animation: pulse 1s infinite;
}
.phase-item.done .phase-dot {
background: #22c55e;
}
@keyframes pulse {
0%, 100% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 25%, transparent); }
50% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 5px color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 10%, transparent); }
}
.phase-info {
min-width: 0;
}
.phase-name {
font-size: 0.77rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
white-space: nowrap;
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
.phase-desc {
font-size: 0.7rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
white-space: nowrap;
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
}
.info-box {
display: block;
padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.5;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,642 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">包管理器生态地图</span>
<span class="subtitle">选择一个语言生态探索它的包管理工具</span>
</div>
<div class="control-panel">
<button
v-for="eco in ecosystems"
:key="eco.id"
:class="['eco-btn', { active: activeEco === eco.id }]"
@click="selectEco(eco.id)"
>
<span class="eco-icon">{{ eco.icon }}</span>
<span class="eco-name">{{ eco.name }}</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="managers-grid">
<div
v-for="pm in currentManagers"
:key="pm.id"
:class="['pm-card', { active: activePm === pm.id }]"
@click="selectPm(pm.id)"
>
<div class="pm-badge" :style="{ background: pm.color }">{{ pm.name }}</div>
<div class="pm-tagline">{{ pm.tagline }}</div>
</div>
</div>
<transition name="fade">
<div v-if="currentPm" class="pm-detail">
<div class="detail-top">
<span class="detail-name" :style="{ color: currentPm.color }">{{ currentPm.name }}</span>
<span class="detail-full">{{ currentPm.fullName }}</span>
</div>
<div class="detail-sections">
<div class="detail-section">
<div class="section-label">安装命令</div>
<div class="cmd-list">
<div v-for="(cmd, i) in currentPm.commands" :key="i" class="cmd-row">
<span class="cmd-op">{{ cmd.op }}</span>
<code class="cmd-code">{{ cmd.cmd }}</code>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="detail-section">
<div class="section-label">配置文件</div>
<div class="file-list">
<div v-for="f in currentPm.files" :key="f.name" class="file-row">
<code class="file-name">{{ f.name }}</code>
<span class="file-desc">{{ f.desc }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="detail-section">
<div class="section-label">核心特点</div>
<div class="feature-list">
<div v-for="feat in currentPm.features" :key="feat" class="feature-tag">{{ feat }}</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div v-else class="pm-placeholder">
点击上方卡片查看详情
</div>
</transition>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>包管理器 = 应用商店帮你下载安装管理别人写好的代码/并自动处理版本兼容问题
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const activeEco = ref('js')
const activePm = ref('npm')
const ecosystems = [
{ id: 'js', icon: '🟨', name: 'JavaScript' },
{ id: 'python', icon: '🐍', name: 'Python' },
{ id: 'rust', icon: '🦀', name: 'Rust' },
{ id: 'go', icon: '🐹', name: 'Go' },
{ id: 'mac', icon: '🍎', name: 'macOS/Linux' },
{ id: 'windows', icon: '🪟', name: 'Windows' }
]
const allManagers = {
js: [
{
id: 'npm',
name: 'npm',
fullName: 'Node Package Manager',
tagline: '最广泛使用,Node.js 自带',
color: '#cc3534',
commands: [
{ op: '安装依赖', cmd: 'npm install lodash' },
{ op: '安装开发依赖', cmd: 'npm install -D typescript' },
{ op: '运行脚本', cmd: 'npm run build' },
{ op: '查看已安装', cmd: 'npm list --depth=0' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'package.json', desc: '项目声明文件,记录依赖和脚本' },
{ name: 'package-lock.json', desc: '锁定精确版本,保证环境一致' },
{ name: 'node_modules/', desc: '实际安装的包存放目录' }
],
features: ['Node.js 内置', '最大生态(200万+包)', '支持 workspaces', 'npx 直接运行']
},
{
id: 'yarn',
name: 'Yarn',
fullName: 'Yet Another Resource Negotiator',
tagline: '并行下载快,Plug\'n\'Play 免 node_modules',
color: '#2c8ebb',
commands: [
{ op: '安装依赖', cmd: 'yarn add lodash' },
{ op: '安装开发依赖', cmd: 'yarn add -D typescript' },
{ op: '运行脚本', cmd: 'yarn build' },
{ op: '查看已安装', cmd: 'yarn list --depth=0' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'package.json', desc: '与 npm 兼容的项目声明文件' },
{ name: 'yarn.lock', desc: 'Yarn 专属锁文件,格式更易读' },
{ name: '.yarnrc.yml', desc: 'Yarn Berry 配置文件' }
],
features: ['并行安装更快', 'Plug\'n\'Play 零 node_modules', 'Workspace 原生支持', '离线缓存']
},
{
id: 'pnpm',
name: 'pnpm',
fullName: 'Performant npm',
tagline: '硬链接共享,节省磁盘,速度最快',
color: '#f9ad00',
commands: [
{ op: '安装依赖', cmd: 'pnpm add lodash' },
{ op: '安装开发依赖', cmd: 'pnpm add -D typescript' },
{ op: '运行脚本', cmd: 'pnpm run build' },
{ op: '查看已安装', cmd: 'pnpm list --depth=0' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'package.json', desc: '与 npm 兼容的项目声明文件' },
{ name: 'pnpm-lock.yaml', desc: 'pnpm 专属锁文件' },
{ name: '.pnpm-store/', desc: '全局内容寻址存储,跨项目共享' }
],
features: ['磁盘空间最省', '安装速度最快', '严格隔离防幽灵依赖', 'Monorepo 友好']
}
],
python: [
{
id: 'pip',
name: 'pip',
fullName: 'Pip Installs Packages',
tagline: 'Python 官方标准,简单直接',
color: '#3776ab',
commands: [
{ op: '安装包', cmd: 'pip install requests' },
{ op: '安装指定版本', cmd: 'pip install requests==2.28.0' },
{ op: '导出依赖', cmd: 'pip freeze > requirements.txt' },
{ op: '批量安装', cmd: 'pip install -r requirements.txt' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'requirements.txt', desc: '依赖列表,每行一个包和版本' },
{ name: 'setup.py / pyproject.toml', desc: '项目元数据和打包配置' }
],
features: ['Python 内置', '使用最广泛', '配合 venv 隔离环境', '简单直接']
},
{
id: 'conda',
name: 'conda',
fullName: 'Conda Package Manager',
tagline: '科学计算利器,同时管理 Python 版本',
color: '#44a833',
commands: [
{ op: '创建环境', cmd: 'conda create -n myenv python=3.11' },
{ op: '激活环境', cmd: 'conda activate myenv' },
{ op: '安装包', cmd: 'conda install numpy' },
{ op: '导出环境', cmd: 'conda env export > env.yml' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'environment.yml', desc: '完整环境配置,包含 Python 版本' },
{ name: '.condarc', desc: 'conda 全局配置文件' }
],
features: ['管理 Python 版本', '支持非 Python 包(CUDA等)', '科学计算首选', '跨平台环境复现']
},
{
id: 'uv',
name: 'uv',
fullName: 'Ultra-fast Python Package Manager',
tagline: 'Rust 编写,比 pip 快 10-100 倍',
color: '#7c3aed',
commands: [
{ op: '安装包', cmd: 'uv pip install requests' },
{ op: '创建虚拟环境', cmd: 'uv venv' },
{ op: '同步依赖', cmd: 'uv pip sync requirements.txt' },
{ op: '运行脚本', cmd: 'uv run python script.py' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'requirements.txt', desc: '与 pip 完全兼容的依赖文件' },
{ name: 'pyproject.toml', desc: '现代 Python 项目配置标准' }
],
features: ['Rust 编写极速', '与 pip 完全兼容', '内置虚拟环境管理', '2024年新秀']
}
],
rust: [
{
id: 'cargo',
name: 'Cargo',
fullName: 'Rust\'s Package Manager & Build System',
tagline: 'Rust 官方工具,集构建/测试/发布于一体',
color: '#dea584',
commands: [
{ op: '添加依赖', cmd: 'cargo add serde' },
{ op: '构建项目', cmd: 'cargo build --release' },
{ op: '运行项目', cmd: 'cargo run' },
{ op: '运行测试', cmd: 'cargo test' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'Cargo.toml', desc: '项目清单,声明依赖和元数据' },
{ name: 'Cargo.lock', desc: '精确锁定版本,应用项目必须提交' }
],
features: ['官方唯一标准', '内置构建系统', '包 = Crate', 'crates.io 生态']
}
],
go: [
{
id: 'gomod',
name: 'Go Modules',
fullName: 'Go 官方模块系统(go mod',
tagline: '内置于 Go 工具链,无需额外安装',
color: '#00acd7',
commands: [
{ op: '初始化模块', cmd: 'go mod init github.com/user/project' },
{ op: '添加依赖', cmd: 'go get github.com/gin-gonic/gin' },
{ op: '整理依赖', cmd: 'go mod tidy' },
{ op: '下载到本地', cmd: 'go mod download' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'go.mod', desc: '模块声明文件,记录依赖路径和版本' },
{ name: 'go.sum', desc: '哈希校验文件,防止依赖被篡改' }
],
features: ['Go 工具链内置', '路径即包名', '自动校验完整性', 'pkg.go.dev 生态']
}
],
mac: [
{
id: 'brew',
name: 'Homebrew',
fullName: 'The Missing Package Manager for macOS',
tagline: 'macOS/Linux 必备,安装开发工具首选',
color: '#fbb040',
commands: [
{ op: '安装软件', cmd: 'brew install git' },
{ op: '更新所有', cmd: 'brew upgrade' },
{ op: '搜索软件', cmd: 'brew search node' },
{ op: '查看已安装', cmd: 'brew list' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'Brewfile', desc: '批量安装清单,可版本控制' }
],
features: ['macOS/Linux 通用', '管理系统级工具', 'Cask 安装 GUI 应用', '社区驱动']
},
{
id: 'apt',
name: 'apt',
fullName: 'Advanced Package Tool',
tagline: 'Ubuntu/Debian 系统包管理器',
color: '#e95420',
commands: [
{ op: '更新列表', cmd: 'sudo apt update' },
{ op: '安装软件', cmd: 'sudo apt install nginx' },
{ op: '更新系统', cmd: 'sudo apt upgrade' },
{ op: '卸载软件', cmd: 'sudo apt remove nginx' }
],
files: [
{ name: '/etc/apt/sources.list', desc: '软件源配置文件' }
],
features: ['Ubuntu/Debian 官方', '系统级权限', '依赖自动解析', '服务器运维必备']
},
{
id: 'dnf',
name: 'dnf / yum',
fullName: 'Dandified YUMFedora / RHEL / CentOS',
tagline: 'Red Hat 系 Linux 的系统包管理器',
color: '#e00',
commands: [
{ op: '安装软件', cmd: 'sudo dnf install git' },
{ op: '更新系统', cmd: 'sudo dnf upgrade' },
{ op: '搜索软件', cmd: 'dnf search nginx' },
{ op: '卸载软件', cmd: 'sudo dnf remove nginx' }
],
files: [
{ name: '/etc/dnf/dnf.conf', desc: 'dnf 全局配置文件' }
],
features: ['Fedora/RHEL/CentOS 官方', '支持模块流', 'DNF5 大幅提速', '企业级 Linux 首选']
}
],
windows: [
{
id: 'winget',
name: 'winget',
fullName: 'Windows Package Manager',
tagline: 'Microsoft 官方出品,Win 10/11 内置',
color: '#0078d4',
commands: [
{ op: '安装软件', cmd: 'winget install Git.Git' },
{ op: '更新所有', cmd: 'winget upgrade --all' },
{ op: '搜索软件', cmd: 'winget search nodejs' },
{ op: '卸载软件', cmd: 'winget uninstall Git.Git' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'winget-packages.json', desc: '导出的软件清单,可用于批量恢复' }
],
features: ['Windows 10/11 内置', 'Microsoft Store 集成', '软件包签名验证', '官方持续更新中']
},
{
id: 'choco',
name: 'Chocolatey',
fullName: 'Chocolatey Package Manager',
tagline: 'Windows 最成熟的第三方包管理器',
color: '#4a154b',
commands: [
{ op: '安装软件', cmd: 'choco install git' },
{ op: '更新所有', cmd: 'choco upgrade all' },
{ op: '搜索软件', cmd: 'choco search nodejs' },
{ op: '卸载软件', cmd: 'choco uninstall git' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'packages.config', desc: 'XML 格式的软件清单,批量安装用' }
],
features: ['生态最成熟(10000+包)', '企业版商业支持', 'PowerShell 集成', '支持无人值守安装']
},
{
id: 'scoop',
name: 'Scoop',
fullName: 'Scoop — A command-line installer for Windows',
tagline: '无需管理员权限,专为开发者设计',
color: '#1a73e8',
commands: [
{ op: '安装软件', cmd: 'scoop install git' },
{ op: '更新所有', cmd: 'scoop update *' },
{ op: '搜索软件', cmd: 'scoop search nodejs' },
{ op: '卸载软件', cmd: 'scoop uninstall git' }
],
files: [
{ name: 'Scoopfile / apps.json', desc: '应用清单,用于环境还原' }
],
features: ['无需管理员权限', '安装到用户目录', '版本共存切换', '开发者工具首选']
}
]
}
const currentManagers = computed(() => allManagers[activeEco.value] || [])
const currentPm = computed(() => {
const list = currentManagers.value
return list.find(p => p.id === activePm.value) || null
})
function selectEco(id) {
activeEco.value = id
activePm.value = allManagers[id]?.[0]?.id || null
}
function selectPm(id) {
activePm.value = id
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 10px;
overflow: hidden;
margin: 1.5rem 0;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.6rem;
padding: 0.85rem 1.1rem 0.7rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.subtitle {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.control-panel {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.eco-btn {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
padding: 0.35rem 0.8rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
transition: all 0.15s;
}
.eco-btn:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.eco-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: #fff;
}
.eco-icon {
font-size: 1rem;
}
.visualization-area {
padding: 1rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 1rem;
}
.managers-grid {
display: flex;
gap: 0.6rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.pm-card {
flex: 1;
min-width: 100px;
padding: 0.6rem 0.8rem;
border: 1.5px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.15s;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
}
.pm-card:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
transform: translateY(-1px);
}
.pm-card.active {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
box-shadow: 0 0 0 2px color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 20%, transparent);
}
.pm-badge {
display: inline-block;
padding: 0.15rem 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
color: #fff;
font-size: 0.78rem;
font-weight: 600;
margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}
.pm-tagline {
font-size: 0.76rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
line-height: 1.3;
}
.pm-detail {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.9rem 1rem;
}
.pm-placeholder {
text-align: center;
padding: 1.5rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.detail-top {
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.6rem;
margin-bottom: 0.8rem;
padding-bottom: 0.6rem;
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.detail-name {
font-size: 1.05rem;
font-weight: 700;
}
.detail-full {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.detail-sections {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
gap: 0.8rem;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.detail-sections {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
.section-label {
font-size: 0.75rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
text-transform: uppercase;
letter-spacing: 0.05em;
margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.cmd-list {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.3rem;
}
.cmd-row {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.1rem;
}
.cmd-op {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.cmd-code {
font-size: 0.76rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.15rem 0.4rem;
border-radius: 4px;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
word-break: break-all;
}
.file-list {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.file-row {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.1rem;
}
.file-name {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.1rem 0.35rem;
border-radius: 3px;
width: fit-content;
}
.file-desc {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.feature-list {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
gap: 0.3rem;
}
.feature-tag {
font-size: 0.73rem;
padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
border-radius: 10px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
white-space: nowrap;
}
.info-box {
display: block;
padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.5;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.fade-enter-active,
.fade-leave-active {
transition: opacity 0.15s;
}
.fade-enter-from,
.fade-leave-to {
opacity: 0;
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,478 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">PATH 搜索过程</span>
<span class="subtitle">输入命令名 Shell 是如何逐目录查找的</span>
</div>
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="preset-label">选择命令</div>
<div class="preset-btns">
<button
v-for="cmd in presets"
:key="cmd.name"
class="preset-btn"
:class="{ active: command === cmd.name }"
:disabled="isSearching"
@click="selectCommand(cmd)"
>
{{ cmd.name }}
</button>
</div>
<button class="action-btn" :disabled="isSearching || !command" @click="startSearch">
{{ isSearching ? '搜索中...' : ' 开始搜索' }}
</button>
<button class="reset-btn" :disabled="isSearching" @click="reset">重置</button>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="path-display">
<div class="path-label">当前 PATH</div>
<div class="path-value">
<span
v-for="(dir, idx) in pathDirs"
:key="dir"
class="path-segment"
:class="{ active: currentDirIdx === idx }"
>{{ dir }}<span v-if="idx < pathDirs.length - 1" class="sep">:</span></span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="search-grid">
<div
v-for="(dir, idx) in pathDirs"
:key="dir"
class="dir-card"
:class="getDirClass(idx)"
>
<div class="dir-name">{{ dir }}</div>
<div v-if="dirStates[idx] === 'searching'" class="dir-status searching">
<span class="spin"></span> 查找 {{ command }}...
</div>
<div v-else-if="dirStates[idx] === 'found'" class="dir-status found">
找到了
</div>
<div v-else-if="dirStates[idx] === 'notfound'" class="dir-status notfound">
没有
</div>
<div v-else class="dir-status idle">待查找</div>
<div v-if="dirStates[idx] === 'found' && currentCmd" class="found-path">
{{ dir }}/{{ command }}
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div v-if="result" class="result-panel" :class="result.type">
<span class="result-icon">{{ result.type === 'success' ? '✅' : '❌' }}</span>
<div class="result-text">
<strong>{{ result.title }}</strong>
<div class="result-detail">{{ result.detail }}</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心机制</strong>Shell 拿到命令名后 PATH 里目录的顺序依次查找找到第一个匹配就立即使用停止继续搜索所以 PATH 中目录的顺序非常重要先出现的目录优先级更高
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, reactive } from 'vue'
const pathDirs = ['/usr/local/bin', '/usr/bin', '/bin', '/usr/sbin', '/sbin']
const presets = [
{ name: 'git', foundAt: 1, desc: 'Git 版本控制工具' },
{ name: 'python3', foundAt: 2, desc: 'Python 解释器' },
{ name: 'node', foundAt: 0, desc: 'Node.js 运行时(通常安装在 /usr/local/bin' },
{ name: 'ls', foundAt: 2, desc: '列出目录内容的内置命令' },
{ name: 'foobar', foundAt: -1, desc: '一个不存在的命令' }
]
const command = ref('')
const currentCmd = ref(null)
const isSearching = ref(false)
const currentDirIdx = ref(-1)
const dirStates = reactive(Array(pathDirs.length).fill('idle'))
const result = ref(null)
const selectCommand = (cmd) => {
if (isSearching.value) return
command.value = cmd.name
currentCmd.value = cmd
reset()
}
const reset = () => {
currentDirIdx.value = -1
for (let i = 0; i < pathDirs.length; i++) dirStates[i] = 'idle'
result.value = null
}
const getDirClass = (idx) => {
const s = dirStates[idx]
return {
searching: s === 'searching',
found: s === 'found',
notfound: s === 'notfound',
'past-current': idx < currentDirIdx.value && s !== 'found'
}
}
const sleep = (ms) => new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, ms))
const startSearch = async () => {
if (isSearching.value || !currentCmd.value) return
reset()
isSearching.value = true
const cmd = currentCmd.value
const foundIdx = cmd.foundAt
for (let i = 0; i < pathDirs.length; i++) {
currentDirIdx.value = i
dirStates[i] = 'searching'
await sleep(700)
if (i === foundIdx) {
dirStates[i] = 'found'
result.value = {
type: 'success',
title: `命令找到了!`,
detail: `${pathDirs[i]}/${cmd.name} 找到可执行文件,搜索停止。`
}
break
} else {
dirStates[i] = 'notfound'
}
if (i === pathDirs.length - 1 || (foundIdx === -1 && i === pathDirs.length - 1)) {
result.value = {
type: 'error',
title: `command not found: ${cmd.name}`,
detail: `已搜索 PATH 中所有 ${pathDirs.length} 个目录,均未找到。需要先安装该程序,或将其所在目录加入 PATH。`
}
}
}
currentDirIdx.value = -1
isSearching.value = false
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 1rem;
margin: 0.75rem 0;
min-width: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.control-panel {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.75rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
}
.preset-label {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
white-space: nowrap;
}
.preset-btns {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
flex: 1;
}
.preset-btn {
padding: 0.25rem 0.65rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.8rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
transition: all 0.15s;
}
.preset-btn:hover:not(:disabled) {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.preset-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
}
.preset-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.5;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.action-btn {
padding: 0.3rem 0.9rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-weight: bold;
transition: opacity 0.2s;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.action-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.5;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.reset-btn {
padding: 0.3rem 0.7rem;
background: transparent;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
transition: all 0.15s;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.reset-btn:hover:not(:disabled) {
border-color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.reset-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.5;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.visualization-area {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.path-display {
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
gap: 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
min-width: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
.path-label {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.path-value {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
gap: 0;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.76rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
min-width: 0;
word-break: break-all;
}
.path-segment {
transition: color 0.2s;
}
.path-segment.active {
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-weight: bold;
}
.sep {
color: var(--vp-c-divider);
margin: 0 1px;
}
.search-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(180px, 1fr));
gap: 0.6rem;
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
.search-grid {
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
}
}
.dir-card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
min-height: 80px;
}
.dir-card.searching {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
box-shadow: 0 0 8px color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 40%, transparent);
}
.dir-card.found {
border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-green-1) 8%, var(--vp-c-bg));
}
.dir-card.notfound {
opacity: 0.55;
}
.dir-name {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
font-weight: bold;
margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
word-break: break-all;
}
.dir-status {
font-size: 0.75rem;
line-height: 1.4;
}
.dir-status.idle {
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.dir-status.searching {
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-weight: bold;
}
.dir-status.found {
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
font-weight: bold;
}
.dir-status.notfound {
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1, #f87171);
}
.spin {
display: inline-block;
animation: spin 0.8s linear infinite;
}
@keyframes spin {
from {
transform: rotate(0deg);
}
to {
transform: rotate(360deg);
}
}
.found-path {
margin-top: 0.3rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.7rem;
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
word-break: break-all;
}
.result-panel {
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
gap: 0.75rem;
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid;
}
.result-panel.success {
background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-green-1) 8%, var(--vp-c-bg));
border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.result-panel.error {
background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-danger-1, #f87171) 8%, var(--vp-c-bg));
border-color: var(--vp-c-danger-1, #f87171);
}
.result-icon {
font-size: 1.2rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.result-text strong {
font-size: 0.88rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
display: block;
margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
}
.result-detail {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.5;
}
.info-box {
display: block;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.6;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,978 @@
<template>
<div class="regex-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">正则表达式文本的搜索引擎</span>
<span class="subtitle">模式匹配 · 分组捕获 · 实时预览</span>
</div>
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="mode-btns">
<button
v-for="m in modes"
:key="m.id"
:class="['mode-btn', { active: activeMode === m.id }]"
@click="activeMode = m.id"
>
{{ m.label }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<!-- Mode 1: Live Playground -->
<div v-if="activeMode === 'playground'" class="playground-section">
<div class="input-group">
<label>正则表达式</label>
<div class="regex-input-wrapper">
<span class="regex-slash">/</span>
<input
v-model="regexPattern"
type="text"
placeholder="输入正则..."
class="regex-input"
/>
<span class="regex-slash">/</span>
<input
v-model="regexFlags"
type="text"
placeholder="g"
class="flags-input"
/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label>测试文本</label>
<textarea
v-model="testText"
rows="3"
placeholder="输入要匹配的文本..."
class="test-input"
/>
</div>
<div class="match-results">
<div class="results-header">
<span class="results-title">匹配结果</span>
<span
class="match-count"
:class="{ 'has-match': matches.length > 0 }"
>
{{ matches.length }} 个匹配
</span>
</div>
<div class="highlighted-text" v-html="highlightedText" />
<div v-if="matches.length > 0" class="match-list">
<div v-for="(m, i) in matches" :key="i" class="match-item">
<span class="match-index">#{{ i + 1 }}</span>
<code class="match-value">"{{ m }}"</code>
</div>
</div>
<div v-if="regexError" class="regex-error">{{ regexError }}</div>
</div>
<div class="preset-btns">
<span class="preset-label">试试预设</span>
<button
v-for="p in presets"
:key="p.name"
class="preset-btn"
@click="applyPreset(p)"
>
{{ p.name }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Mode 2: Cheat Sheet -->
<div v-if="activeMode === 'cheatsheet'" class="cheatsheet-section">
<div
v-for="cat in cheatsheet"
:key="cat.category"
class="cheat-category"
>
<div class="cat-title">{{ cat.category }}</div>
<div class="cheat-grid">
<div
v-for="item in cat.items"
:key="item.pattern"
class="cheat-item"
@click="tryCheat(item)"
>
<code class="cheat-pattern">{{ item.pattern }}</code>
<span class="cheat-desc">{{ item.desc }}</span>
<span class="cheat-example">{{ item.example }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Mode 3: Common Patterns -->
<div v-if="activeMode === 'patterns'" class="patterns-section">
<div class="patterns-grid">
<div v-for="p in commonPatterns" :key="p.name" class="pattern-card">
<div class="pattern-name">{{ p.name }}</div>
<code class="pattern-regex">{{ p.regex }}</code>
<div class="pattern-matches">
<div
v-for="(ex, i) in p.examples"
:key="i"
class="pattern-example"
>
<span class="ex-text">{{ ex.text }}</span>
<span :class="['ex-result', ex.match ? 'pass' : 'fail']">
{{ ex.match ? '✓ 匹配' : '✗ 不匹配' }}
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Mode 4: Visual Breakdown -->
<div v-if="activeMode === 'visual'" class="visual-section">
<div class="visual-example">
<div class="visual-title">正则解剖拆解一个邮箱匹配模式</div>
<div class="visual-regex">
<span
v-for="(part, i) in regexParts"
:key="i"
:class="['regex-part', part.type]"
@mouseenter="activePart = i"
@mouseleave="activePart = -1"
>
{{ part.text }}
<span v-if="activePart === i" class="part-tooltip">{{
part.desc
}}</span>
</span>
</div>
<div class="visual-legend">
<span
v-for="l in legend"
:key="l.type"
:class="['legend-item', l.type]"
>
<span class="legend-dot" />{{ l.label }}
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="visual-flow">
<div class="flow-title">正则引擎的工作过程</div>
<div class="flow-steps">
<div v-for="(step, i) in engineSteps" :key="i" class="flow-step">
<div class="flow-num">{{ i + 1 }}</div>
<div class="flow-content">
<div class="flow-action">{{ step.action }}</div>
<div class="flow-detail">{{ step.detail }}</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>
<span v-if="activeMode === 'playground'"
>正则表达式是一种用特殊符号描述文本模式的语言在搜索替换数据验证中无处不在</span
>
<span v-else-if="activeMode === 'cheatsheet'"
>记住几个核心符号. * + ? \d \w [] ()就能覆盖 80%
的使用场景点击任意符号可直接试验</span
>
<span v-else-if="activeMode === 'patterns'"
>不需要自己从零写正则常见场景邮箱手机号URL都有成熟的模式可以直接复用</span
>
<span v-else
>正则引擎从左到右逐字符匹配遇到量词会"贪婪"地尽量多匹配失败时"回溯"尝试其他路径</span
>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const activeMode = ref('playground')
const modes = [
{ id: 'playground', label: '实时试验' },
{ id: 'cheatsheet', label: '速查表' },
{ id: 'patterns', label: '常用模式' },
{ id: 'visual', label: '可视化解析' }
]
const regexPattern = ref('\\d+')
const regexFlags = ref('g')
const testText = ref(
'我的手机号是 13812345678,座机是 010-12345678,邮箱是 test@example.com'
)
function buildRegex(pattern, flags) {
try {
if (!pattern) return { regex: null, error: '' }
return { regex: new RegExp(pattern, flags), error: '' }
} catch (e) {
return { regex: null, error: e.message }
}
}
const regexResult = computed(() =>
buildRegex(regexPattern.value, regexFlags.value)
)
const regexError = computed(() => regexResult.value.error)
const matches = computed(() => {
const { regex } = regexResult.value
if (!regex) return []
try {
const result = []
let match
if (regexFlags.value.includes('g')) {
while ((match = regex.exec(testText.value)) !== null) {
result.push(match[0])
if (!match[0]) break
}
} else {
match = regex.exec(testText.value)
if (match) result.push(match[0])
}
return result
} catch {
return []
}
})
const highlightedText = computed(() => {
try {
if (!regexPattern.value || regexError.value) {
return escapeHtml(testText.value)
}
const regex = new RegExp(regexPattern.value, regexFlags.value)
return escapeHtml(testText.value).replace(
regex,
(m) => `<mark class="highlight">${escapeHtml(m)}</mark>`
)
} catch {
return escapeHtml(testText.value)
}
})
function escapeHtml(str) {
return str.replace(/&/g, '&amp;').replace(/</g, '&lt;').replace(/>/g, '&gt;')
}
const presets = [
{
name: '找数字',
pattern: '\\d+',
flags: 'g',
text: '价格是 99 元,优惠 20 元,共 79 元'
},
{
name: '找邮箱',
pattern: '[\\w.+-]+@[\\w-]+\\.[\\w.]+',
flags: 'g',
text: 'admin@test.com 和 user@example.org 是有效邮箱'
},
{
name: '找手机号',
pattern: '1[3-9]\\d{9}',
flags: 'g',
text: '联系我:13812345678 或 15099887766'
},
{
name: '找 URL',
pattern: 'https?://[^\\s]+',
flags: 'g',
text: '访问 https://github.com 或 http://example.com/path'
},
{
name: '找中文',
pattern: '[\\u4e00-\\u9fa5]+',
flags: 'g',
text: 'Hello世界,你好World'
}
]
function applyPreset(p) {
regexPattern.value = p.pattern
regexFlags.value = p.flags
testText.value = p.text
}
const cheatsheet = [
{
category: '字符类',
items: [
{ pattern: '.', desc: '任意字符(除换行)', example: 'a.c → abc, a1c' },
{ pattern: '\\d', desc: '数字 [0-9]', example: '\\d → 3, 7' },
{ pattern: '\\w', desc: '字母数字下划线', example: '\\w → a, 5, _' },
{ pattern: '\\s', desc: '空白字符', example: '空格、Tab、换行' },
{ pattern: '[abc]', desc: '字符集合', example: '[aeiou] → 元音' },
{ pattern: '[^abc]', desc: '否定集合', example: '[^0-9] → 非数字' }
]
},
{
category: '量词',
items: [
{ pattern: '*', desc: '0 或多次', example: 'ab* → a, ab, abb' },
{ pattern: '+', desc: '1 或多次', example: 'ab+ → ab, abb' },
{ pattern: '?', desc: '0 或 1 次', example: 'colou?r → color, colour' },
{ pattern: '{n}', desc: '恰好 n 次', example: '\\d{4} → 2024' },
{ pattern: '{n,m}', desc: 'n 到 m 次', example: '\\d{2,4} → 12, 123' }
]
},
{
category: '位置',
items: [
{ pattern: '^', desc: '行首', example: '^Hello → 以 Hello 开头' },
{ pattern: '$', desc: '行尾', example: 'end$ → 以 end 结尾' },
{
pattern: '\\b',
desc: '单词边界',
example: '\\bcat\\b → cat(不匹配 catch'
}
]
},
{
category: '分组与引用',
items: [
{ pattern: '(abc)', desc: '捕获组', example: '(\\d+)-(\\d+) → 分别捕获' },
{ pattern: 'a|b', desc: '或', example: 'cat|dog → cat 或 dog' },
{ pattern: '(?:abc)', desc: '非捕获组', example: '(?:ab)+ → abab' }
]
}
]
function tryCheat(item) {
activeMode.value = 'playground'
regexPattern.value = item.pattern.replace(/\\/g, '\\')
regexFlags.value = 'g'
}
const commonPatterns = [
{
name: '邮箱',
regex: '^[\\w.+-]+@[\\w-]+\\.[\\w.]+$',
examples: [
{ text: 'user@example.com', match: true },
{ text: 'a.b+c@test.org', match: true },
{ text: 'invalid@', match: false },
{ text: '@no-user.com', match: false }
]
},
{
name: '手机号(中国)',
regex: '^1[3-9]\\d{9}$',
examples: [
{ text: '13812345678', match: true },
{ text: '15099887766', match: true },
{ text: '12345678901', match: false },
{ text: '1381234567', match: false }
]
},
{
name: 'URL',
regex: '^https?://[^\\s]+$',
examples: [
{ text: 'https://github.com', match: true },
{ text: 'http://example.com/path?q=1', match: true },
{ text: 'ftp://not-http.com', match: false },
{ text: 'just-text', match: false }
]
},
{
name: 'IPv4 地址',
regex: '^(\\d{1,3}\\.){3}\\d{1,3}$',
examples: [
{ text: '192.168.1.1', match: true },
{ text: '10.0.0.255', match: true },
{ text: '999.999.999.999', match: true },
{ text: '1.2.3', match: false }
]
},
{
name: '日期 (YYYY-MM-DD)',
regex: '^\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}$',
examples: [
{ text: '2024-01-15', match: true },
{ text: '2023-12-31', match: true },
{ text: '24-1-5', match: false },
{ text: '2024/01/15', match: false }
]
},
{
name: '强密码',
regex: '^(?=.*[a-z])(?=.*[A-Z])(?=.*\\d).{8,}$',
examples: [
{ text: 'Passw0rd', match: true },
{ text: 'MyP@ss123', match: true },
{ text: 'password', match: false },
{ text: 'SHORT1a', match: false }
]
}
]
const activePart = ref(-1)
const regexParts = [
{ text: '[', type: 'bracket', desc: '字符集合开始' },
{ text: '\\w', type: 'char-class', desc: '字母、数字或下划线' },
{ text: '.+-', type: 'literal', desc: '点号、加号、横杠(字面量)' },
{ text: ']', type: 'bracket', desc: '字符集合结束' },
{ text: '+', type: 'quantifier', desc: '一个或多个(贪婪匹配)' },
{ text: '@', type: 'literal', desc: '字面量 @ 符号' },
{ text: '[', type: 'bracket', desc: '字符集合开始' },
{ text: '\\w', type: 'char-class', desc: '字母、数字或下划线' },
{ text: '-', type: 'literal', desc: '横杠(字面量)' },
{ text: ']', type: 'bracket', desc: '字符集合结束' },
{ text: '+', type: 'quantifier', desc: '一个或多个' },
{ text: '\\.', type: 'escape', desc: '转义的点号(匹配字面量 .)' },
{ text: '[', type: 'bracket', desc: '字符集合开始' },
{ text: '\\w', type: 'char-class', desc: '字母、数字或下划线' },
{ text: '.', type: 'literal', desc: '点号(在字符集中是字面量)' },
{ text: ']', type: 'bracket', desc: '字符集合结束' },
{ text: '+', type: 'quantifier', desc: '一个或多个' }
]
const legend = [
{ type: 'char-class', label: '字符类' },
{ type: 'quantifier', label: '量词' },
{ type: 'literal', label: '字面量' },
{ type: 'bracket', label: '集合边界' },
{ type: 'escape', label: '转义字符' }
]
const engineSteps = [
{
action: '从左到右扫描',
detail: '正则引擎从文本第一个字符开始,逐个尝试匹配'
},
{ action: '贪婪匹配', detail: '遇到 * + 等量词时,尽量多匹配字符' },
{ action: '回溯', detail: '如果贪婪匹配失败,退回一步尝试更少的字符' },
{ action: '捕获分组', detail: '遇到 () 时,记录匹配的子串供后续引用' },
{ action: '返回结果', detail: '全部匹配完成,返回所有匹配项和捕获组' }
]
</script>
<style scoped>
.regex-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1rem;
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.control-panel {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.mode-btns {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.mode-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.mode-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
/* Playground */
.input-group {
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.input-group label {
display: block;
font-size: 0.8rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.regex-input-wrapper {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0 0.35rem;
}
.regex-slash {
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.regex-input {
flex: 1;
border: none;
background: transparent;
padding: 0.4rem 0.25rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.85rem;
outline: none;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.flags-input {
width: 30px;
border: none;
background: transparent;
padding: 0.4rem 0.15rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.85rem;
outline: none;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.test-input {
width: 100%;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0.4rem;
font-size: 0.85rem;
resize: vertical;
font-family: inherit;
line-height: 1.5;
box-sizing: border-box;
}
.match-results {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.results-header {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}
.results-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.match-count {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
padding: 0.1rem 0.4rem;
border-radius: 10px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
}
.match-count.has-match {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.15);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.highlighted-text {
font-size: 0.85rem;
line-height: 1.6;
padding: 0.35rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 4px;
word-break: break-all;
}
:deep(.highlight) {
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.25);
padding: 0.05rem 0.15rem;
border-radius: 2px;
border-bottom: 2px solid var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.match-list {
display: flex;
gap: 0.35rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-top: 0.35rem;
}
.match-item {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.25rem;
font-size: 0.78rem;
}
.match-index {
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
font-size: 0.7rem;
}
.match-value {
background: var(--vp-c-brand-soft);
padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.78rem;
}
.regex-error {
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
font-size: 0.78rem;
margin-top: 0.25rem;
}
.preset-btns {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.35rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.preset-label {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.preset-btn {
padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.75rem;
}
.preset-btn:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
/* Cheatsheet */
.cheat-category {
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.cat-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.88rem;
margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.cheat-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
gap: 0.35rem;
}
.cheat-item {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
padding: 0.4rem 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 4px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
cursor: pointer;
transition: border-color 0.2s;
}
.cheat-item:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.cheat-pattern {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.9rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.cheat-desc {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.cheat-example {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
/* Patterns */
.patterns-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.pattern-card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.pattern-name {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.88rem;
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.pattern-regex {
display: block;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.25rem 0.4rem;
border-radius: 4px;
margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
word-break: break-all;
}
.pattern-matches {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.2rem;
}
.pattern-example {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
padding: 0.2rem 0.35rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 3px;
font-size: 0.78rem;
}
.ex-text {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.75rem;
}
.ex-result.pass {
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
font-weight: bold;
}
.ex-result.fail {
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
}
/* Visual */
.visual-example {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.visual-title,
.flow-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.88rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.visual-regex {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
gap: 0;
padding: 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 4px;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 1rem;
}
.regex-part {
position: relative;
padding: 0.15rem 0.1rem;
cursor: pointer;
border-radius: 2px;
transition: background 0.2s;
}
.regex-part.char-class {
color: #3b82f6;
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.1);
}
.regex-part.quantifier {
color: #f59e0b;
background: rgba(245, 158, 11, 0.1);
}
.regex-part.literal {
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.regex-part.bracket {
color: #8b5cf6;
background: rgba(139, 92, 246, 0.1);
}
.regex-part.escape {
color: #ef4444;
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.1);
}
.part-tooltip {
position: absolute;
bottom: 100%;
left: 50%;
transform: translateX(-50%);
background: var(--vp-c-text-1);
color: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 0.72rem;
white-space: nowrap;
z-index: 10;
pointer-events: none;
}
.visual-legend {
display: flex;
gap: 0.75rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.legend-item {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.25rem;
font-size: 0.75rem;
}
.legend-dot {
width: 8px;
height: 8px;
border-radius: 2px;
}
.legend-item.char-class .legend-dot {
background: #3b82f6;
}
.legend-item.quantifier .legend-dot {
background: #f59e0b;
}
.legend-item.literal .legend-dot {
background: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.legend-item.bracket .legend-dot {
background: #8b5cf6;
}
.legend-item.escape .legend-dot {
background: #ef4444;
}
.visual-flow {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.flow-steps {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.35rem;
}
.flow-step {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.35rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 4px;
}
.flow-num {
width: 22px;
height: 22px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border-radius: 50%;
font-size: 0.72rem;
font-weight: bold;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.flow-action {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.flow-detail {
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
/* Info Box */
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-top: 0.75rem;
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.cheat-grid {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.patterns-grid {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,835 @@
<template>
<div class="ssh-auth-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">SSH 密钥认证你的数字身份证</span>
<span class="subtitle"
>对称加密 vs 非对称加密 · 密钥对生成 · 认证流程</span
>
</div>
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="scenario-btns">
<button
v-for="s in scenarios"
:key="s.id"
:class="['scenario-btn', { active: activeScenario === s.id }]"
@click="activeScenario = s.id"
>
{{ s.label }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<!-- Scenario 1: Password vs Key -->
<div v-if="activeScenario === 'compare'" class="compare-section">
<div class="compare-grid">
<div class="compare-card password">
<div class="card-icon">🔑</div>
<div class="card-title">密码登录</div>
<div class="card-flow">
<div class="flow-step" v-for="(step, i) in passwordFlow" :key="i">
<span class="step-num">{{ i + 1 }}</span>
<span class="step-text">{{ step }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card-verdict danger">
<span class="verdict-icon"></span>
<span>密码在网络上传输可能被截获</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="compare-card key">
<div class="card-icon">🔐</div>
<div class="card-title">密钥登录</div>
<div class="card-flow">
<div class="flow-step" v-for="(step, i) in keyFlow" :key="i">
<span class="step-num">{{ i + 1 }}</span>
<span class="step-text">{{ step }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card-verdict success">
<span class="verdict-icon"></span>
<span>私钥永远不离开你的电脑</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Scenario 2: Key Pair Generation -->
<div v-if="activeScenario === 'keygen'" class="keygen-section">
<div class="keygen-visual">
<div class="keygen-command">
<code>ssh-keygen -t ed25519 -C "your@email.com"</code>
<button
class="gen-btn"
:disabled="isGenerating"
@click="generateKeys"
>
{{ isGenerating ? '生成中...' : '生成密钥对' }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="key-pair" :class="{ generated: keysGenerated }">
<div class="key-card private" :class="{ visible: keysGenerated }">
<div class="key-header">
<span class="key-icon">🔒</span>
<span class="key-name">私钥 (Private Key)</span>
</div>
<div class="key-location">~/.ssh/id_ed25519</div>
<div class="key-content">
<code>{{ privateKeyDisplay }}</code>
</div>
<div class="key-rule danger">绝不外泄 · 留在本机</div>
</div>
<div class="key-arrow" :class="{ visible: keysGenerated }">
<span class="arrow-text">数学关联</span>
<span class="arrow-icon"></span>
</div>
<div class="key-card public" :class="{ visible: keysGenerated }">
<div class="key-header">
<span class="key-icon">🌍</span>
<span class="key-name">公钥 (Public Key)</span>
</div>
<div class="key-location">~/.ssh/id_ed25519.pub</div>
<div class="key-content">
<code>{{ publicKeyDisplay }}</code>
</div>
<div class="key-rule success">可以给任何人 · 放到服务器</div>
</div>
</div>
<div v-if="keysGenerated" class="key-analogy">
<strong>生活类比</strong>公钥 = 可以随便装· 私钥 =
钥匙只有你有· 用锁锁住的东西只有对应的钥匙能打开
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Scenario 3: Auth Flow -->
<div v-if="activeScenario === 'auth'" class="auth-section">
<div class="auth-controls">
<button
class="action-btn"
:disabled="authStep > 0 && authStep < 5"
@click="startAuth"
>
{{
authStep === 0
? '开始认证'
: authStep >= 5
? '重新演示'
: '认证中...'
}}
</button>
</div>
<div class="auth-flow">
<div class="auth-parties">
<div class="party client">
<div class="party-icon">💻</div>
<div class="party-name">你的电脑</div>
<div class="party-has">持有私钥</div>
</div>
<div class="auth-messages">
<div
:class="['msg', { active: authStep >= 1 }]"
class="msg-right"
>
<span class="msg-label"> 请求连接</span>
<span class="msg-detail">"我要用密钥登录"</span>
</div>
<div :class="['msg', { active: authStep >= 2 }]" class="msg-left">
<span class="msg-label"> 发送随机挑战</span>
<span class="msg-detail"
>"请证明你有私钥:用它签名这段随机数据"</span
>
</div>
<div
:class="['msg', { active: authStep >= 3 }]"
class="msg-right"
>
<span class="msg-label"> 返回签名</span>
<span class="msg-detail"
>"用私钥签名后的结果(私钥本身不发送)"</span
>
</div>
<div :class="['msg', { active: authStep >= 4 }]" class="msg-left">
<span class="msg-label"> 用公钥验证</span>
<span class="msg-detail">"用存储的公钥验证签名 → 匹配!"</span>
</div>
<div :class="['msg', 'msg-result', { active: authStep >= 5 }]">
<span class="msg-label"> 认证成功</span>
<span class="msg-detail"
>"欢迎登录!从始至终,私钥没离开过你的电脑"</span
>
</div>
</div>
<div class="party server">
<div class="party-icon">🖥</div>
<div class="party-name">远程服务器</div>
<div class="party-has">持有公钥</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- Scenario 4: Common Uses -->
<div v-if="activeScenario === 'uses'" class="uses-section">
<div class="uses-grid">
<div v-for="use in commonUses" :key="use.name" class="use-card">
<div class="use-icon">{{ use.icon }}</div>
<div class="use-name">{{ use.name }}</div>
<div class="use-cmd">
<code>{{ use.command }}</code>
</div>
<div class="use-desc">{{ use.desc }}</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="config-tips">
<div class="tip-title">~/.ssh/config </div>
<pre class="tip-code"><code>Host my-server
HostName 192.168.1.100
User deploy
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ed25519
Host github.com
HostName github.com
User git
IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_ed25519</code></pre>
<div class="tip-result">
配置后<code>ssh my-server</code> 即可一键连接
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>
<span v-if="activeScenario === 'compare'"
>SSH
密钥登录比密码更安全因为私钥从不在网络上传输无法被中间人窃取</span
>
<span v-else-if="activeScenario === 'keygen'"
>一次 ssh-keygen
生成一对密钥私钥自己保管公钥放到目标服务器或平台</span
>
<span v-else-if="activeScenario === 'auth'"
>认证过程基于"挑战-响应"机制服务器出题你的私钥签名作答公钥验证答案全程私钥不离开本机</span
>
<span v-else
>SSH 密钥不仅用于服务器登录也是 Git (GitHub/GitLab)
等开发工具的标准身份认证方式</span
>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const activeScenario = ref('compare')
const scenarios = [
{ id: 'compare', label: '密码 vs 密钥' },
{ id: 'keygen', label: '生成密钥对' },
{ id: 'auth', label: '认证流程' },
{ id: 'uses', label: '常见用途' }
]
const passwordFlow = [
'输入用户名和密码',
'密码通过网络发送到服务器',
'服务器比对密码是否正确',
'每次都要输密码'
]
const keyFlow = [
'事先把公钥放到服务器',
'连接时发送身份标识(不发私钥)',
'服务器用公钥出"数学题"',
'你的私钥在本地"答题",只发答案'
]
const isGenerating = ref(false)
const keysGenerated = ref(false)
const privateKeyDisplay = ref(
'-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----\n(等待生成...\n-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----'
)
const publicKeyDisplay = ref('(等待生成...')
const generateKeys = async () => {
if (isGenerating.value) return
isGenerating.value = true
keysGenerated.value = false
await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 800))
privateKeyDisplay.value =
'-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----\nb3BlbnNzaC1rZXktdjEAAAA...\n2048 位密钥,绝不外传)\n-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----'
publicKeyDisplay.value =
'ssh-ed25519 AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAA\nIGx...kF your@email.com'
keysGenerated.value = true
isGenerating.value = false
}
const authStep = ref(0)
const startAuth = async () => {
if (authStep.value > 0 && authStep.value < 5) return
authStep.value = 0
for (let i = 1; i <= 5; i++) {
await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 800))
authStep.value = i
}
}
const commonUses = [
{
icon: '🖥️',
name: '远程服务器',
command: 'ssh user@server',
desc: '免密码登录 Linux/Mac 服务器'
},
{
icon: '🐙',
name: 'GitHub',
command: 'git push origin main',
desc: '用 SSH 协议推送代码'
},
{
icon: '🦊',
name: 'GitLab',
command: 'git clone git@gitlab.com:...',
desc: '克隆私有仓库'
},
{
icon: '📦',
name: 'SCP 传文件',
command: 'scp file.txt user@server:~/',
desc: '安全复制文件到远程'
},
{
icon: '🚇',
name: 'SSH 隧道',
command: 'ssh -L 8080:localhost:3000 server',
desc: '将远程端口映射到本地'
},
{
icon: '🐳',
name: '部署服务',
command: 'ssh deploy@prod "docker pull..."',
desc: '远程执行部署命令'
}
]
</script>
<style scoped>
.ssh-auth-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 1rem;
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.control-panel {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.scenario-btns {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.scenario-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.scenario-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
/* Compare Section */
.compare-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 0.75rem;
}
.compare-card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.card-icon {
font-size: 1.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.card-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.9rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.card-flow {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.35rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.flow-step {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.step-num {
width: 20px;
height: 20px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 50%;
font-size: 0.7rem;
font-weight: bold;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.card-verdict {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.35rem;
padding: 0.35rem 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 0.8rem;
}
.card-verdict.danger {
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
}
.card-verdict.success {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
/* Keygen Section */
.keygen-command {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.keygen-command code {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.82rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
flex: 1;
min-width: 200px;
}
.gen-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: bold;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.gen-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.6;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.key-pair {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
gap: 0.5rem;
align-items: center;
}
.key-card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.75rem;
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
opacity: 0.4;
transition: all 0.5s;
}
.key-card.visible {
opacity: 1;
}
.key-card.private {
border-color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
}
.key-card.public {
border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.key-header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.35rem;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.85rem;
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.key-location {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}
.key-content code {
display: block;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.72rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.35rem;
border-radius: 4px;
white-space: pre-wrap;
word-break: break-all;
line-height: 1.4;
}
.key-rule {
margin-top: 0.35rem;
font-size: 0.75rem;
font-weight: bold;
text-align: center;
padding: 0.2rem;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.key-rule.danger {
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
}
.key-rule.success {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.key-arrow {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.15rem;
opacity: 0.3;
transition: opacity 0.5s;
}
.key-arrow.visible {
opacity: 1;
}
.arrow-text {
font-size: 0.7rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
white-space: nowrap;
}
.arrow-icon {
font-size: 1.2rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.key-analogy {
margin-top: 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
/* Auth Section */
.auth-controls {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.action-btn {
padding: 0.4rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-weight: bold;
}
.action-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.6;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.auth-flow {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.75rem;
}
.auth-parties {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 100px 1fr 100px;
gap: 0.5rem;
align-items: start;
}
.party {
text-align: center;
padding: 0.5rem;
}
.party-icon {
font-size: 1.5rem;
}
.party-name {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.82rem;
margin: 0.15rem 0;
}
.party-has {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.auth-messages {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.35rem;
}
.msg {
padding: 0.35rem 0.5rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.8rem;
opacity: 0.2;
transition: all 0.4s;
border: 1px solid transparent;
}
.msg.active {
opacity: 1;
}
.msg-right {
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.08);
border-color: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.2);
margin-right: 20%;
}
.msg-left {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.08);
border-color: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.2);
margin-left: 20%;
}
.msg-result {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.15);
border-color: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.3);
text-align: center;
margin: 0;
}
.msg-label {
display: block;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.78rem;
}
.msg-detail {
display: block;
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-top: 0.1rem;
}
/* Uses Section */
.uses-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(180px, 1fr));
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.use-card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.5rem;
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
text-align: center;
}
.use-icon {
font-size: 1.2rem;
}
.use-name {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.82rem;
margin: 0.15rem 0;
}
.use-cmd code {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.7rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.15rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
}
.use-desc {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-top: 0.2rem;
}
.config-tips {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.tip-title {
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.85rem;
margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}
.tip-code {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
margin: 0 0 0.35rem 0;
font-size: 0.75rem;
overflow-x: auto;
}
.tip-code code {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
}
.tip-result {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.tip-result code {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
font-size: 0.78rem;
}
/* Info Box */
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-top: 0.75rem;
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.compare-grid {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.key-pair {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.key-arrow {
flex-direction: row;
}
.auth-parties {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.party {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
text-align: left;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,271 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">生产环境如何注入密钥</span>
<span class="subtitle">.env 是开发工具服务器上不能靠它</span>
</div>
<div class="tab-bar">
<button
v-for="s in scenarios"
:key="s.id"
class="tab-btn"
:class="{ active: current === s.id }"
@click="current = s.id"
>
{{ s.icon }} {{ s.label }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="scenario-body">
<div class="code-block">
<div class="code-title">{{ currentScenario.codeTitle }}</div>
<div class="code-area">
<div
v-for="(line, i) in currentScenario.lines"
:key="i"
class="code-line"
:class="line.type"
>
<span class="line-content" v-html="line.text" />
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tips">
<div v-for="tip in currentScenario.tips" :key="tip.text" class="tip" :class="tip.level">
<span class="tip-dot" />
<span class="tip-text">{{ tip.text }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>原则</strong>.env 文件是本地开发便利工具生产环境应由运行平台负责注入环境变量代码完全不感知密钥存在哪怎么来的
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const current = ref('systemd')
const scenarios = [
{ id: 'systemd', icon: '🖥️', label: '服务器 (systemd)' },
{ id: 'cloud', icon: '☁️', label: '云平台 (Vercel 等)' },
{ id: 'docker', icon: '🐳', label: 'Docker' }
]
const scenarioData = {
systemd: {
codeTitle: '/etc/systemd/system/myapp.service',
lines: [
{ type: 'comment', text: '# 推荐:用独立密钥文件,权限可控' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '[Service]' },
{ type: 'highlight', text: 'EnvironmentFile=/etc/myapp/secrets.env' },
{ type: 'normal', text: 'ExecStart=/usr/bin/node /app/index.js' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '' },
{ type: 'comment', text: '# 设置文件权限:只有所有者可读' },
{ type: 'good', text: 'sudo chmod 600 /etc/myapp/secrets.env' },
{ type: 'good', text: 'sudo chown deploy:deploy /etc/myapp/secrets.env' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '' },
{ type: 'comment', text: '# 应用配置后重启服务' },
{ type: 'normal', text: 'sudo systemctl daemon-reload' },
{ type: 'normal', text: 'sudo systemctl restart myapp' }
],
tips: [
{ level: 'safe', text: '密钥文件 chmod 600 后,只有 deploy 用户可读,其他账号无法访问' },
{ level: 'safe', text: '密钥和代码完全分离,更新密钥不需要重新部署代码' },
{ level: 'warn', text: '不要直接在 systemd 文件里写 Environment="KEY=val"——改动需要 reload,且明文在配置里' }
]
},
cloud: {
codeTitle: '云平台控制台(Vercel / Railway / Render / Netlify',
lines: [
{ type: 'comment', text: '# 在平台控制台界面操作,无需写配置文件' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '' },
{ type: 'comment', text: '# 平台会自动将变量注入到运行时环境' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '# 代码不变,照常读取:' },
{ type: 'highlight', text: 'const key = process.env.OPENAI_API_KEY' },
{ type: 'highlight', text: 'api_key = os.environ.get("OPENAI_API_KEY")' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '' },
{ type: 'comment', text: '# 通常支持按环境设置不同的值:' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '# Preview → OPENAI_API_KEY = sk-test-...' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '# Production → OPENAI_API_KEY = sk-prod-...' }
],
tips: [
{ level: 'safe', text: '平台加密存储密钥,你自己都不能再次查看原始值(只能重新生成)' },
{ level: 'safe', text: '支持 Preview / Production 分环境设置,测试和生产用不同密钥' },
{ level: 'info', text: '不要把 .env 文件提交到 Git 再让平台读取——这样密钥就进代码仓库了' }
]
},
docker: {
codeTitle: 'docker run / docker-compose.yml',
lines: [
{ type: 'comment', text: '# ❌ 错误:写在 Dockerfile ENV 里会固化到镜像层' },
{ type: 'bad', text: 'ENV OPENAI_API_KEY=sk-xxx <span class="warn-inline">← 任何人都能 docker inspect 取到</span>' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '' },
{ type: 'comment', text: '# ✅ 正确:运行时从宿主机环境注入' },
{ type: 'highlight', text: 'docker run \\' },
{ type: 'highlight', text: ' -e OPENAI_API_KEY="$OPENAI_API_KEY" \\' },
{ type: 'highlight', text: ' -e DATABASE_URL="$DATABASE_URL" \\' },
{ type: 'highlight', text: ' myapp:latest' },
{ type: 'normal', text: '' },
{ type: 'comment', text: '# 或用 --env-file(文件不进 Git' },
{ type: 'good', text: 'docker run --env-file .env myapp:latest' }
],
tips: [
{ level: 'safe', text: '镜像本身不含任何密钥,可以安全上传到公开 Registry' },
{ level: 'safe', text: '--env-file 在运行时读取,文件不需要进入镜像' },
{ level: 'warn', text: 'docker history 可以查看所有镜像层内容——写在 Dockerfile ENV 里就永远泄露了' }
]
}
}
const currentScenario = computed(() => scenarioData[current.value])
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 1rem;
margin: 0.75rem 0;
min-width: 0;
overflow: hidden;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.6rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-bottom: 0.85rem;
}
.demo-header .title { font-size: 1rem; font-weight: bold; color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
.demo-header .subtitle { font-size: 0.82rem; color: var(--vp-c-text-2); }
.tab-bar {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.tab-btn {
padding: 0.28rem 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
transition: all 0.15s;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.tab-btn:hover { border-color: var(--vp-c-brand); color: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.tab-btn.active { background: var(--vp-c-brand); border-color: var(--vp-c-brand); color: white; }
.scenario-body {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1.4fr 1fr;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.scenario-body { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}
.code-block {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
min-width: 0;
}
.code-title {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.3rem 0.65rem;
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.code-area {
background: #1e1e2e;
padding: 0.45rem 0;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.76rem;
line-height: 1.7;
overflow-x: auto;
}
.code-line {
padding: 0 0.7rem;
min-width: max-content;
}
.code-line.highlight { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--vp-c-brand) 8%, transparent); }
.code-line.good { background: color-mix(in srgb, #4ade80 6%, transparent); }
.code-line.bad { background: color-mix(in srgb, #f87171 10%, transparent); }
.line-content { color: #cdd6f4; white-space: pre; }
.code-line.comment .line-content { color: #6c7086; font-style: italic; }
.code-line.bad .line-content { color: #f38ba8; }
.code-line.good .line-content { color: #a6e3a1; }
:deep(.warn-inline) { color: #f87171; font-size: 0.7em; }
.tips {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.45rem;
}
.tip {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
align-items: flex-start;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 5px;
padding: 0.45rem 0.6rem;
border-left: 3px solid;
}
.tip.safe { border-left-color: var(--vp-c-green-1); }
.tip.warn { border-left-color: var(--vp-c-yellow-1, #f59e0b); }
.tip.info { border-left-color: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.tip-dot { flex-shrink: 0; margin-top: 5px; width: 5px; height: 5px; border-radius: 50%; background: currentColor; }
.tip.safe .tip-dot { color: var(--vp-c-green-1); }
.tip.warn .tip-dot { color: var(--vp-c-yellow-1, #f59e0b); }
.tip.info .tip-dot { color: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.tip-text {
font-size: 0.76rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.5;
}
.info-box {
display: block;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
font-size: 0.84rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.6;
}
.info-box strong { white-space: nowrap; color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
<template>
<div class="component-tree-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">组件化拆分</span>
<span class="subtitle">一个页面如何拆成多个独立组件</span>
</div>
<div class="demo-body">
<div class="tree-panel">
<div class="tree-title">组件树结构</div>
<div class="tree-list">
<div
v-for="comp in components"
:key="comp.id"
:class="['tree-item', { active: selected === comp.id }]"
:style="{ paddingLeft: comp.depth * 1 + 'rem' }"
@click="selected = comp.id"
>
<span class="tree-icon">{{ comp.icon }}</span>
<span class="tree-name">{{ comp.name }}</span>
<span v-if="comp.reused" class="reuse-badge">×{{ comp.reused }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="preview-panel">
<div class="tree-title">页面预览</div>
<div class="page-mock">
<div
:class="['mock-navbar', { highlighted: selected === 'navbar' }]"
@click="selected = 'navbar'"
>
<span>🏠 电商网站</span>
<span
:class="['mock-search', { highlighted: selected === 'search' }]"
@click.stop="selected = 'search'"
>🔍 搜索框</span>
<span
:class="['mock-cart-icon', { highlighted: selected === 'cart' }]"
@click.stop="selected = 'cart'"
>🛒 购物车(3)</span>
</div>
<div class="mock-content">
<div
v-for="i in 3"
:key="i"
:class="['mock-product-card', { highlighted: selected === 'product' }]"
@click="selected = 'product'"
>
<div class="mock-img">📦</div>
<div class="mock-info">
<div class="mock-product-name">商品 {{ i }}</div>
<div class="mock-price">¥{{ i * 99 + 100 }}</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div
:class="['mock-footer', { highlighted: selected === 'footer' }]"
@click="selected = 'footer'"
>
© 2025 电商网站
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div v-if="selectedComp" class="detail-card">
<div class="detail-name">{{ selectedComp.icon }} {{ selectedComp.name }}</div>
<div class="detail-desc">{{ selectedComp.desc }}</div>
<div class="detail-tags">
<span class="detail-tag">数据独立</span>
<span class="detail-tag">样式隔离</span>
<span v-if="selectedComp.reused" class="detail-tag reuse">
复用 {{ selectedComp.reused }}
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>
<span>组件化就是把一个大页面拆成多个独立的小块每个组件管理自己的数据界面和样式互不干扰同一个组件可以在不同地方复用多次传入不同的数据就会显示不同的内容</span>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const selected = ref('product')
const components = [
{ id: 'app', name: 'App(根组件)', icon: '📱', depth: 0, desc: '整个应用的根组件,包含所有其他组件。' },
{ id: 'navbar', name: 'NavBar(导航栏)', icon: '🧭', depth: 1, desc: '页面顶部的导航栏,包含 Logo、搜索框和购物车入口。' },
{ id: 'search', name: 'SearchBox(搜索框)', icon: '🔍', depth: 2, desc: '独立的搜索框组件,管理搜索关键词和搜索结果。' },
{ id: 'cart', name: 'CartIcon(购物车图标)', icon: '🛒', depth: 2, desc: '显示购物车数量的小图标,数据来自全局购物车状态。' },
{ id: 'product', name: 'ProductCard(商品卡片)', icon: '📦', depth: 1, reused: 3, desc: '单个商品的展示卡片。写一次代码,传入不同的商品数据就能复用多次,每次显示不同的商品信息。' },
{ id: 'footer', name: 'Footer(页脚)', icon: '📄', depth: 1, desc: '页面底部信息,一般包含版权声明等。' }
]
const selectedComp = computed(() => components.find(c => c.id === selected.value))
</script>
<style scoped>
.component-tree-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.demo-body {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1.4fr;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.tree-panel,
.preview-panel {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.75rem;
}
.tree-title {
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.tree-list {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.2rem;
}
.tree-item {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
padding: 0.3rem 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.8rem;
transition: all 0.2s;
border: 1px solid transparent;
}
.tree-item:hover {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
}
.tree-item.active {
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.08);
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.tree-icon {
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.tree-name {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.78rem;
}
.reuse-badge {
margin-left: auto;
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
font-size: 0.65rem;
padding: 1px 5px;
border-radius: 4px;
font-weight: 600;
}
.page-mock {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
font-size: 0.75rem;
}
.mock-navbar {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.4rem 0.6rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.mock-search,
.mock-cart-icon {
cursor: pointer;
padding: 0.15rem 0.35rem;
border-radius: 3px;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.mock-content {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.5rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.mock-product-card {
flex: 1;
min-width: 60px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0.4rem;
text-align: center;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.mock-img {
font-size: 1.2rem;
margin-bottom: 0.2rem;
}
.mock-product-name {
font-size: 0.7rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.mock-price {
font-size: 0.65rem;
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
}
.mock-footer {
padding: 0.3rem 0.6rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
text-align: center;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.65rem;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.highlighted {
outline: 2px solid var(--vp-c-brand);
outline-offset: -1px;
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.06) !important;
}
.detail-card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.detail-name {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.9rem;
margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}
.detail-desc {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
line-height: 1.5;
}
.detail-tags {
display: flex;
gap: 0.35rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.detail-tag {
font-size: 0.68rem;
padding: 0.15rem 0.4rem;
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.detail-tag.reuse {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
.demo-body {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.mock-content {
flex-direction: column;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
<template>
<div class="data-ui-gap-demo">
<div class="two-panels">
<div class="panel data-panel">
<div class="panel-header">
<span class="panel-badge data">数据JavaScript 变量</span>
</div>
<div class="data-display">
<div class="data-row">
<span class="data-key">商品数量</span>
<span class="data-val">{{ dataCount }}</span>
</div>
<div class="data-row">
<span class="data-key">总价</span>
<span class="data-val">¥{{ dataCount * 99 }}</span>
</div>
<div class="data-row">
<span class="data-key">状态</span>
<span class="data-val">{{ dataCount > 5 ? '过多' : '正常' }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<button class="action-btn" @click="addItem">添加商品修改数据</button>
</div>
<div class="gap-indicator" :class="{ desynced: isDesynced }">
<div class="gap-line" />
<span class="gap-label">{{ isDesynced ? '❌ 不同步' : '✅ 同步' }}</span>
<div class="gap-line" />
</div>
<div class="panel ui-panel">
<div class="panel-header">
<span class="panel-badge ui">界面用户看到的</span>
</div>
<div class="ui-display">
<div class="ui-row" :class="{ stale: uiCount !== dataCount }">
<span class="ui-key">购物车</span>
<span class="ui-val">{{ uiCount }} </span>
</div>
<div class="ui-row" :class="{ stale: uiCount !== dataCount }">
<span class="ui-key">总价</span>
<span class="ui-val">¥{{ uiCount * 99 }}</span>
</div>
<div class="ui-row" :class="{ stale: uiCount !== dataCount }">
<span class="ui-key">状态</span>
<span class="ui-val">{{ uiCount > 5 ? '过多' : '正常' }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<button class="sync-btn" :disabled="!isDesynced" @click="syncUI">
{{ isDesynced ? '手动同步界面' : '已同步' }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="controls-row">
<button class="action-btn outline" @click="reset">重置</button>
<span v-if="desyncCount > 0" class="desync-stat">
累计不同步 {{ desyncCount }}
</span>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心问题</strong>
<span>在没有框架的情况下数据变了界面不会自动跟着变你必须自己写代码去更新界面一旦忘了用户看到的就是过时的错误的信息</span>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const dataCount = ref(0)
const uiCount = ref(0)
const desyncCount = ref(0)
const isDesynced = computed(() => dataCount.value !== uiCount.value)
function addItem() {
dataCount.value++
if (dataCount.value > 1 && isDesynced.value) {
desyncCount.value++
}
}
function syncUI() {
uiCount.value = dataCount.value
}
function reset() {
dataCount.value = 0
uiCount.value = 0
desyncCount.value = 0
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.data-ui-gap-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.two-panels {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
gap: 0.75rem;
align-items: start;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.panel {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.75rem;
}
.panel-header {
text-align: center;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.panel-badge {
display: inline-block;
padding: 0.2rem 0.6rem;
border-radius: 9999px;
font-size: 0.72rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.panel-badge.data {
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.panel-badge.ui {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.data-display,
.ui-display {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.4rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.data-row,
.ui-row {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
padding: 0.35rem 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 0.82rem;
border: 1px solid transparent;
transition: all 0.3s;
}
.ui-row.stale {
border-color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.06);
}
.data-key,
.ui-key {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.data-val,
.ui-val {
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.gap-indicator {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
gap: 0.35rem;
padding-top: 2.5rem;
}
.gap-line {
width: 2px;
height: 2rem;
background: var(--vp-c-green-1);
transition: background 0.3s;
}
.gap-indicator.desynced .gap-line {
background: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
animation: pulse-line 1s infinite;
}
@keyframes pulse-line {
0%, 100% { opacity: 0.4; }
50% { opacity: 1; }
}
.gap-label {
font-size: 0.72rem;
font-weight: 600;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.action-btn {
display: block;
width: 100%;
padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
transition: opacity 0.2s;
}
.action-btn:hover { opacity: 0.85; }
.action-btn.outline {
background: transparent;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.action-btn.outline:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.sync-btn {
display: block;
width: 100%;
padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-green-1);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
transition: opacity 0.2s;
}
.sync-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.5;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.controls-row {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.controls-row .action-btn {
width: auto;
}
.desync-stat {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
font-weight: 600;
}
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
.two-panels {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.gap-indicator {
flex-direction: row;
padding-top: 0;
}
.gap-line {
width: 2rem;
height: 2px;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,353 @@
<template>
<div class="declarative-formula-demo">
<div class="formula-row">
<div class="formula-box state-box">
<div class="formula-label">State数据</div>
</div>
<div class="formula-arrow"> f </div>
<div class="formula-box ui-box">
<div class="formula-label">UI界面</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="demo-body">
<div class="input-panel">
<div class="panel-title">修改数据State</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label>用户名</label>
<input v-model="username" type="text" placeholder="输入名字" />
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label>商品数量</label>
<div class="stepper">
<button @click="count = Math.max(0, count - 1)">-</button>
<span class="stepper-value">{{ count }}</span>
<button @click="count++">+</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="input-group">
<label>深色模式</label>
<label class="toggle-switch">
<input v-model="darkMode" type="checkbox" />
<span class="slider" />
</label>
</div>
</div>
<div class="output-panel" :class="{ dark: darkMode }">
<div class="panel-title">渲染结果UI</div>
<div class="preview-card">
<div class="preview-greeting">
{{ username ? `你好,${username}` : '你好,访客!' }}
</div>
<div class="preview-cart">
购物车{{ count }} 件商品
</div>
<div class="preview-total">
总价¥{{ count * 99 }}
</div>
<div v-if="count > 5" class="preview-warning">
商品数量较多请确认订单
</div>
<div class="preview-theme">
当前主题{{ darkMode ? '深色' : '浅色' }}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="state-snapshot">
<div class="snapshot-title">当前 State 快照</div>
<code class="snapshot-code">{{ stateSnapshot }}</code>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>
<span>你只需要修改数据State框架会根据数据自动渲染出对应的界面UI同样的数据永远渲染出同样的界面这就是 UI = f(State)</span>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const username = ref('')
const count = ref(2)
const darkMode = ref(false)
const stateSnapshot = computed(() =>
JSON.stringify(
{ username: username.value || '(空)', count: count.value, darkMode: darkMode.value },
null,
2
)
)
</script>
<style scoped>
.declarative-formula-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.formula-row {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
padding: 0.5rem;
}
.formula-box {
padding: 0.4rem 1rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-weight: 600;
text-align: center;
}
.state-box {
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.1);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.ui-box {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-green-1);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.formula-arrow {
font-size: 0.9rem;
font-weight: 700;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
}
.demo-body {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.input-panel,
.output-panel {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.75rem;
}
.output-panel.dark {
background: #1a1a2e;
color: #e0e0e0;
border-color: #333;
}
.output-panel.dark .preview-card {
background: #16213e;
border-color: #333;
}
.panel-title {
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
}
.output-panel.dark .panel-title {
color: #aaa;
}
.input-group {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.input-group label {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.input-group input[type="text"] {
flex: 1;
padding: 0.3rem 0.5rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.input-group input[type="text"]:focus {
outline: none;
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.stepper {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.stepper button {
width: 28px;
height: 28px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.9rem;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.stepper button:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.stepper-value {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 0.9rem;
min-width: 1.5rem;
text-align: center;
}
.toggle-switch {
position: relative;
display: inline-block;
width: 36px;
height: 18px;
cursor: pointer;
}
.toggle-switch input {
opacity: 0;
width: 0;
height: 0;
}
.slider {
position: absolute;
top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 18px;
transition: 0.3s;
}
.slider::before {
content: '';
position: absolute;
height: 14px;
width: 14px;
left: 1px;
bottom: 1px;
background: var(--vp-c-text-2);
border-radius: 50%;
transition: 0.3s;
}
input:checked + .slider {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
input:checked + .slider::before {
transform: translateX(18px);
background: white;
}
.preview-card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.35rem;
}
.preview-greeting {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.preview-warning {
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
font-weight: 600;
padding: 0.25rem 0.4rem;
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.08);
border-radius: 4px;
}
.output-panel.dark .preview-warning {
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.15);
}
.preview-theme {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.75rem;
}
.state-snapshot {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.snapshot-title {
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.3rem;
}
.snapshot-code {
display: block;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
white-space: pre;
background: none;
padding: 0;
}
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
.demo-body {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,407 @@
<template>
<div class="dom-cost-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">DOM 操作耗时对比</span>
<span class="subtitle">逐个操作 vs 批量操作</span>
</div>
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="control-group">
<label>修改次数</label>
<div class="radio-group">
<button
v-for="n in counts"
:key="n"
:class="['radio-btn', { active: selectedCount === n }]"
@click="selectedCount = n"
>
{{ n }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<button class="action-btn" :disabled="isRunning" @click="runComparison">
{{ isRunning ? '执行中...' : '开始对比' }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="comparison-row">
<div class="method-card">
<div class="method-header">
<span class="method-badge slow">逐个操作 DOM</span>
</div>
<div class="method-desc">
每修改一次数据 立刻操作一次真实 DOM 浏览器每次都要重新布局和绘制
</div>
<div class="progress-container">
<div class="progress-bar-bg">
<div
class="progress-bar-fill slow"
:style="{ width: slowProgress + '%' }"
/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="result-row">
<span class="result-label">模拟耗时</span>
<span class="result-value" :class="{ highlight: showResults }">
{{ showResults ? slowTime + 'ms' : '—' }}
</span>
</div>
<div class="step-list">
<div class="step-item" v-for="i in Math.min(selectedCount, 4)" :key="i">
<span class="step-num">{{ i }}</span>
<span class="step-text">修改 布局 绘制</span>
</div>
<div v-if="selectedCount > 4" class="step-item ellipsis">
<span class="step-text">... 重复 {{ selectedCount - 4 }} ...</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="method-card">
<div class="method-header">
<span class="method-badge fast">批量计算后一次性操作</span>
</div>
<div class="method-desc">
所有修改先在内存中计算好 最后只操作一次真实 DOM 浏览器只需要重新布局和绘制一次
</div>
<div class="progress-container">
<div class="progress-bar-bg">
<div
class="progress-bar-fill fast"
:style="{ width: fastProgress + '%' }"
/>
</div>
</div>
<div class="result-row">
<span class="result-label">模拟耗时</span>
<span class="result-value" :class="{ highlight: showResults }">
{{ showResults ? fastTime + 'ms' : '—' }}
</span>
</div>
<div class="step-list">
<div class="step-item">
<span class="step-num">1</span>
<span class="step-text">内存中计算 {{ selectedCount }} 次变化</span>
</div>
<div class="step-item">
<span class="step-num">2</span>
<span class="step-text">一次性提交 布局 绘制</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div v-if="showResults" class="savings-banner">
批量操作节省了 <strong>{{ savingsPercent }}%</strong> 的耗时
{{ slowTime }}ms {{ fastTime }}ms
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>
<span>DOM 操作的真正代价不是"修改值"本身而是每次修改后浏览器必须执行的"重新布局 + 重新绘制"减少 DOM 操作次数就是减少这些昂贵的计算虚拟 DOM 的作用就是先在内存中算好所有变化最后一次性提交</span>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const counts = [5, 20, 100, 500]
const selectedCount = ref(20)
const isRunning = ref(false)
const slowProgress = ref(0)
const fastProgress = ref(0)
const showResults = ref(false)
const COST_PER_OP = 3
const BATCH_OVERHEAD = 8
const slowTime = computed(() => selectedCount.value * COST_PER_OP)
const fastTime = computed(() => Math.round(BATCH_OVERHEAD + selectedCount.value * 0.1))
const savingsPercent = computed(() =>
Math.round((1 - fastTime.value / slowTime.value) * 100)
)
async function runComparison() {
if (isRunning.value) return
isRunning.value = true
showResults.value = false
slowProgress.value = 0
fastProgress.value = 0
const totalSlow = slowTime.value
const totalFast = fastTime.value
const duration = Math.min(totalSlow * 2, 2000)
const steps = 30
const stepDelay = duration / steps
for (let i = 1; i <= steps; i++) {
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, stepDelay))
slowProgress.value = Math.min((i / steps) * 100, 100)
const fastRatio = totalFast / totalSlow
fastProgress.value = Math.min((i / steps / fastRatio) * 100, 100)
}
slowProgress.value = 100
fastProgress.value = 100
showResults.value = true
isRunning.value = false
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.dom-cost-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.control-panel {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: space-between;
gap: 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.control-group {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.control-group label {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.radio-group {
display: flex;
gap: 0.35rem;
}
.radio-btn {
padding: 0.25rem 0.6rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.radio-btn:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.radio-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.action-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.8rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.action-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.6;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.visualization-area {
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.comparison-row {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.method-card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.75rem;
}
.method-header {
margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
.method-badge {
display: inline-block;
padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 0.75rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.method-badge.slow {
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
}
.method-badge.fast {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.method-desc {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
line-height: 1.4;
}
.progress-container {
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.progress-bar-bg {
height: 8px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 4px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.progress-bar-fill {
height: 100%;
border-radius: 4px;
transition: width 0.1s linear;
}
.progress-bar-fill.slow {
background: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
}
.progress-bar-fill.fast {
background: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.result-row {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.result-label {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.result-value {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 700;
}
.result-value.highlight {
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.step-list {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.step-item {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.step-item.ellipsis {
padding-left: 1.4rem;
font-style: italic;
}
.step-num {
width: 1rem;
height: 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 3px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-size: 0.65rem;
font-weight: 600;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.savings-banner {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.08);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-green-1);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
text-align: center;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
.comparison-row {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.control-panel {
flex-direction: column;
align-items: stretch;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
<template>
<div class="framework-motivation">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-title">
问题
</div>
<ul>
<li>数据变化时手动更新 DOM 容易遗漏</li>
<li>页面越复杂需要同步的地方越多越容易出 bug</li>
<li>多人协作时DOM 操作散落各处维护成本高</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="card-title">
根本原因
</div>
<ul>
<li>浏览器不知道"数据""界面"的对应关系</li>
<li>原生 DOM API 只提供底层操作没有"数据变了就更新 UI"的能力</li>
<li>开发者被迫充当"人肉同步器"</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="card">
<div class="card-title">
框架的解法
</div>
<ul>
<li>建立数据到 UI 的映射关系UI = f(State)</li>
<li>自动检测数据变化响应式系统</li>
<li>自动计算最小 DOM 更新虚拟 DOM / 编译优化</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup></script>
<style scoped>
.framework-motivation {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
gap: 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
padding: 0.75rem;
}
.card-title {
font-weight: 600;
margin-bottom: 0.4rem;
}
ul {
margin: 0;
padding-left: 1.1rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
li + li {
margin-top: 0.25rem;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.framework-motivation {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,408 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">框架光谱</span>
<span class="subtitle">运行时 编译时</span>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="spectrum-wrapper">
<div class="spectrum-labels">
<span class="spectrum-label-left">更多运行时</span>
<span class="spectrum-label-right">更多编译时</span>
</div>
<div class="spectrum-bar">
<button
v-for="fw in frameworks"
:key="fw.id"
:class="['spectrum-dot', { selected: selectedId === fw.id }]"
:style="{ left: fw.percent + '%' }"
:title="fw.name"
@click="selectFramework(fw.id)"
>
{{ fw.short }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="spectrum-dot-labels">
<span
v-for="fw in frameworks"
:key="'label-' + fw.id"
class="dot-label"
:style="{ left: fw.percent + '%' }"
>
{{ fw.name }}
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="detail-card">
<div class="detail-header">
<span class="detail-emoji">{{ selected.emoji }}</span>
<span class="detail-name">{{ selected.name }}</span>
</div>
<div class="detail-summary">{{ selected.summary }}</div>
<div class="work-bars">
<div class="work-bar-row">
<span class="work-label">运行时工作量</span>
<div class="work-bar-track">
<div
class="work-bar-fill runtime"
:style="{ width: selected.runtimePercent + '%' }"
/>
</div>
<span class="work-value">{{ selected.runtimePercent }}%</span>
</div>
<div class="work-bar-row">
<span class="work-label">编译时工作量</span>
<div class="work-bar-track">
<div
class="work-bar-fill compile"
:style="{ width: selected.compilePercent + '%' }"
/>
</div>
<span class="work-value">{{ selected.compilePercent }}%</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="detail-meta">
<span class="meta-item">
<span class="meta-label">打包体积</span>
<span class="meta-value">{{ selected.bundleSize }}</span>
</span>
<span class="meta-item">
<span class="meta-label">开发体验</span>
<span class="meta-value">{{ selected.devExperience }}</span>
</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>趋势</strong>
{{ selected.trendMessage }}
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const FRAMEWORKS = {
react: {
id: 'react',
name: 'React',
short: 'R',
emoji: '⚛️',
percent: 20,
runtimePercent: 80,
compilePercent: 20,
bundleSize: '中等',
devExperience: '★★★★☆',
summary: '运行时为主:虚拟 DOM + Reconciliation',
trendMessage:
'趋势很明确:框架在不断将工作从运行时移向编译时,目标是同时实现更好的开发体验和更优的运行性能。'
},
vue3: {
id: 'vue3',
name: 'Vue 3',
short: 'V',
emoji: '💚',
percent: 40,
runtimePercent: 60,
compilePercent: 40,
bundleSize: '中等',
devExperience: '★★★★★',
summary: '混合:编译优化模板 + 运行时虚拟 DOM',
trendMessage:
'趋势很明确:框架在不断将工作从运行时移向编译时,目标是同时实现更好的开发体验和更优的运行性能。'
},
vapor: {
id: 'vapor',
name: 'Vue Vapor',
short: 'Vp',
emoji: '🌫️',
percent: 60,
runtimePercent: 40,
compilePercent: 60,
bundleSize: '较小',
devExperience: '★★★★☆',
summary: '编译时为主:跳过虚拟 DOM,编译生成直接操作',
trendMessage:
'趋势很明确:框架在不断将工作从运行时移向编译时,目标是同时实现更好的开发体验和更优的运行性能。'
},
svelte: {
id: 'svelte',
name: 'Svelte',
short: 'S',
emoji: '🔥',
percent: 80,
runtimePercent: 20,
compilePercent: 80,
bundleSize: '最小',
devExperience: '★★★★☆',
summary: '编译时为主:编译时生成精确 DOM 更新代码',
trendMessage:
'趋势很明确:框架在不断将工作从运行时移向编译时,目标是同时实现更好的开发体验和更优的运行性能。'
},
solid: {
id: 'solid',
name: 'Solid.js',
short: 'Sd',
emoji: '⬆️',
percent: 90,
runtimePercent: 10,
compilePercent: 90,
bundleSize: '最小',
devExperience: '★★★★☆',
summary: '纯编译时:细粒度响应式,无虚拟 DOM',
trendMessage:
'趋势很明确:框架在不断将工作从运行时移向编译时,目标是同时实现更好的开发体验和更优的运行性能。'
}
}
const frameworks = Object.values(FRAMEWORKS)
const selectedId = ref('vue3')
const selected = computed(() => FRAMEWORKS[selectedId.value] ?? FRAMEWORKS.vue3)
function selectFramework(id) {
selectedId.value = id
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.visualization-area {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.spectrum-wrapper {
position: relative;
margin: 2rem 0 3rem;
}
.spectrum-labels {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.spectrum-bar {
position: relative;
height: 8px;
background: linear-gradient(
to right,
var(--vp-c-brand),
var(--vp-c-green-1)
);
border-radius: 4px;
}
.spectrum-dot {
position: absolute;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
width: 32px;
height: 32px;
border-radius: 50%;
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
cursor: pointer;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-size: 0.7rem;
font-weight: bold;
transition: all 0.2s;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.spectrum-dot:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.spectrum-dot.selected {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
box-shadow: 0 0 10px var(--vp-c-brand);
transform: translate(-50%, -50%) scale(1.2);
}
.spectrum-dot-labels {
position: relative;
height: 1.5rem;
margin-top: 0.5rem;
}
.dot-label {
position: absolute;
transform: translateX(-50%);
font-size: 0.7rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
white-space: nowrap;
}
.detail-card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.75rem;
margin-top: 1rem;
}
.detail-header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.detail-emoji {
font-size: 1.25rem;
}
.detail-name {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.detail-summary {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.work-bars {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.work-bar-row {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.work-label {
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
width: 5rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.work-bar-track {
flex: 1;
height: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 3px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.work-bar-fill {
height: 100%;
border-radius: 3px;
transition: width 0.3s ease;
}
.work-bar-fill.runtime {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.work-bar-fill.compile {
background: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.work-value {
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
width: 2.5rem;
text-align: right;
}
.detail-meta {
display: flex;
gap: 1rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
font-size: 0.8rem;
}
.meta-item {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.15rem;
}
.meta-label {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.meta-value {
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
font-weight: 500;
}
.info-box {
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
.dot-label {
font-size: 0.6rem;
}
.spectrum-dot {
width: 28px;
height: 28px;
font-size: 0.6rem;
}
.detail-card {
width: 100%;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,433 @@
<template>
<div class="sync-demo">
<div class="comparison-container">
<div class="side manual-side">
<div class="side-header">
<span class="badge manual">手动同步 / jQuery 风格</span>
</div>
<div class="cart-control">
<button class="action-btn" @click="addManual">添加商品</button>
<button class="action-btn outline" @click="resetManual">重置</button>
</div>
<div class="sync-areas">
<div
v-for="area in manualAreas"
:key="area.id"
class="sync-area"
:class="{ synced: area.synced, unsynced: !area.synced }"
>
<div class="area-header">
<span class="area-icon">{{ area.icon }}</span>
<span class="area-name">{{ area.name }}</span>
<span class="sync-badge" :class="{ synced: area.synced }">
{{ area.synced ? '已同步' : '未同步' }}
</span>
</div>
<div class="area-value">{{ area.synced ? area.actual : area.stale }}</div>
<button
v-if="!area.synced"
class="sync-btn"
@click="syncArea(area)"
>
手动同步
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="miss-counter">
<span class="miss-label">遗漏次数</span>
<span class="miss-value" :class="{ danger: missCount > 0 }">{{ missCount }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="vs-divider">
<div class="vs-badge">VS</div>
</div>
<div class="side auto-side">
<div class="side-header">
<span class="badge auto">自动同步 / 框架风格</span>
</div>
<div class="cart-control">
<button class="action-btn" @click="addAuto">添加商品</button>
<button class="action-btn outline" @click="resetAuto">重置</button>
</div>
<div class="sync-areas">
<div
v-for="area in autoAreas"
:key="area.id"
class="sync-area synced"
>
<div class="area-header">
<span class="area-icon">{{ area.icon }}</span>
<span class="area-name">{{ area.name }}</span>
<span class="sync-badge synced">已同步</span>
</div>
<div class="area-value">{{ area.value }}</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="miss-counter">
<span class="miss-label">遗漏次数</span>
<span class="miss-value">0</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>
<span>前端框架的本质价值在于"自动同步"你只需修改数据框架保证所有依赖该数据的 UI 自动更新不会遗漏</span>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, reactive, computed } from 'vue'
const products = ['耳机 ¥99', '键盘 ¥199', '鼠标 ¥59', '显示器 ¥1299', '摄像头 ¥149', '音箱 ¥79']
let productIndex = ref(0)
const manualCount = ref(0)
const manualItems = ref([])
const missCount = ref(0)
let pendingManualCount = 0
const manualAreas = reactive([
{
id: 'count',
icon: '🔴',
name: '购物车数量',
synced: true,
stale: '0 件',
actual: '0 件'
},
{
id: 'list',
icon: '📋',
name: '商品列表',
synced: true,
stale: '(空)',
actual: '(空)'
},
{
id: 'total',
icon: '💰',
name: '总价',
synced: true,
stale: '¥0',
actual: '¥0'
},
{
id: 'status',
icon: '⚠️',
name: '状态提示',
synced: true,
stale: '正常',
actual: '正常'
}
])
function addManual() {
const name = products[productIndex.value % products.length]
productIndex.value++
manualCount.value++
manualItems.value.push(name)
pendingManualCount = manualCount.value
const price = parseInt(name.match(/¥(\d+)/)[1])
const totalPrice = manualItems.value.reduce((sum, item) => {
return sum + parseInt(item.match(/¥(\d+)/)[1])
}, 0)
manualAreas[0].actual = `${manualCount.value}`
manualAreas[0].synced = false
manualAreas[1].actual = manualItems.value.join('、')
manualAreas[1].synced = false
manualAreas[2].actual = `¥${totalPrice}`
manualAreas[2].synced = false
manualAreas[3].actual = manualCount.value > 5 ? '⚠️ 商品过多!' : '正常'
manualAreas[3].synced = false
const unsyncedBefore = manualAreas.filter(a => !a.synced).length
if (unsyncedBefore > 0 && manualCount.value > 1) {
missCount.value++
}
}
function syncArea(area) {
area.synced = true
area.stale = area.actual
}
function resetManual() {
manualCount.value = 0
manualItems.value = []
missCount.value = 0
pendingManualCount = 0
manualAreas.forEach(a => {
a.synced = true
a.stale = a.id === 'count' ? '0 件' : a.id === 'list' ? '(空)' : a.id === 'total' ? '¥0' : '正常'
a.actual = a.stale
})
}
const autoCount = ref(0)
const autoItems = ref([])
const autoAreas = computed(() => {
const totalPrice = autoItems.value.reduce((sum, item) => {
return sum + parseInt(item.match(/¥(\d+)/)[1])
}, 0)
return [
{ id: 'count', icon: '🔴', name: '购物车数量', value: `${autoCount.value}` },
{ id: 'list', icon: '📋', name: '商品列表', value: autoItems.value.length ? autoItems.value.join('、') : '(空)' },
{ id: 'total', icon: '💰', name: '总价', value: `¥${totalPrice}` },
{ id: 'status', icon: '⚠️', name: '状态提示', value: autoCount.value > 5 ? '⚠️ 商品过多!' : '正常' }
]
})
function addAuto() {
const name = products[productIndex.value % products.length]
productIndex.value++
autoCount.value++
autoItems.value.push(name)
}
function resetAuto() {
autoCount.value = 0
autoItems.value = []
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.sync-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.comparison-container {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
gap: 1rem;
align-items: start;
}
.side {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.75rem;
}
.side-header {
text-align: center;
}
.badge {
display: inline-block;
padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
border-radius: 9999px;
font-size: 0.75rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.badge.manual {
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
}
.badge.auto {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.cart-control {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
justify-content: center;
}
.action-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
background-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
transition: opacity 0.2s;
}
.action-btn:hover {
opacity: 0.85;
}
.action-btn.outline {
background: transparent;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.action-btn.outline:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.sync-areas {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.sync-area {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
.sync-area.synced {
border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.sync-area.unsynced {
border-color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.05);
}
.area-header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
margin-bottom: 0.25rem;
}
.area-icon {
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.area-name {
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.sync-badge {
margin-left: auto;
font-size: 0.65rem;
padding: 1px 6px;
border-radius: 4px;
font-weight: 600;
background: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
color: white;
}
.sync-badge.synced {
background: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.area-value {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
overflow: hidden;
text-overflow: ellipsis;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.sync-btn {
margin-top: 0.35rem;
padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
font-size: 0.72rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-danger-1);
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
background: transparent;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.sync-btn:hover {
background: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
color: white;
}
.miss-counter {
text-align: center;
font-size: 0.82rem;
padding: 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.miss-label {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.miss-value {
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.miss-value.danger {
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
}
.vs-divider {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
padding-top: 4rem;
}
.vs-badge {
width: 40px;
height: 40px;
border-radius: 50%;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 0.875rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
margin-top: 0.75rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.comparison-container {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
gap: 0.75rem;
}
.vs-divider {
padding-top: 0;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
<template>
<div
class="reactivity-mechanism-demo"
:style="{ '--tab-accent': currentTab?.color ?? 'var(--vp-c-brand)' }"
>
<div class="toggle-bar">
<button
v-for="tab in tabs"
:key="tab.id"
:class="['toggle-btn', { active: activeTab === tab.id }]"
:style="activeTab === tab.id ? { borderColor: tab.color, background: tab.color } : {}"
@click="switchTab(tab.id)"
>
{{ tab.label }}
</button>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="counter-row">
<span class="counter-label">count:</span>
<span class="counter-value">{{ count }}</span>
</div>
<button
class="modify-btn"
:disabled="isAnimating"
@click="modifyData"
>
修改数据
</button>
<div class="steps-title">引擎盖下</div>
<div class="steps-list">
<div
v-for="(step, idx) in currentSteps"
:key="idx"
:class="['step-item', stepState(idx)]"
:style="stepStyle(idx)"
>
<span class="step-badge">{{ idx + 1 }}</span>
<span class="step-text">{{ step }}</span>
<span v-if="stepStatus(idx) === 'done'" class="step-check"></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>
{{ infoMessage }}
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const TABS = {
vue: {
id: 'vue',
label: 'Vue (Proxy)',
color: 'var(--vp-c-green-1)',
steps: [
'count = 1 → Proxy 的 set 陷阱被触发',
'通知依赖收集器:"count 变了"',
'找到所有依赖 count 的组件',
'自动更新 DOM'
],
info: 'Vue 通过 Proxy 自动拦截数据读写,开发者无需额外操作——写法最自然。'
},
react: {
id: 'react',
label: 'React (setState)',
color: 'var(--vp-c-brand)',
steps: [
'调用 setCount(count + 1)',
'React 将更新加入队列',
'批量处理队列,触发 re-render',
'虚拟 DOM Diff → 更新真实 DOM'
],
info: 'React 要求显式调用 setState,虽然多一步,但数据流更可预测。'
},
svelte: {
id: 'svelte',
label: 'Svelte (编译器)',
color: 'var(--vp-c-warning-1)',
steps: [
'count += 1 被编译器识别为赋值',
'编译时已生成 $$invalidate(count)',
'直接更新对应的 DOM 节点(无 Diff',
'零运行时开销'
],
info: 'Svelte 在编译时完成分析,运行时零开销——但依赖编译器魔法。'
}
}
const activeTab = ref('vue')
const count = ref(0)
const currentStepIndex = ref(-1)
const isAnimating = ref(false)
const tabs = computed(() => Object.values(TABS))
const currentTab = computed(() => TABS[activeTab.value])
const currentSteps = computed(() => currentTab.value?.steps ?? [])
const infoMessage = computed(() => currentTab.value?.info ?? '')
function stepState(idx) {
if (currentStepIndex.value < idx) return 'pending'
if (currentStepIndex.value === idx) return 'active'
return 'done'
}
function stepStatus(idx) {
if (currentStepIndex.value < idx) return 'pending'
if (currentStepIndex.value === idx) return 'active'
return 'done'
}
function stepStyle(idx) {
if (currentStepIndex.value !== idx) return {}
const color = currentTab.value?.color ?? 'var(--vp-c-brand)'
return {
borderColor: color,
boxShadow: `0 0 8px color-mix(in srgb, ${color} 40%, transparent)`
}
}
function switchTab(id) {
if (isAnimating.value) return
activeTab.value = id
currentStepIndex.value = -1
}
async function modifyData() {
if (isAnimating.value) return
isAnimating.value = true
count.value += 1
currentStepIndex.value = -1
for (let i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
currentStepIndex.value = i
await new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, 300))
}
currentStepIndex.value = 4
isAnimating.value = false
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.reactivity-mechanism-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.toggle-bar {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.toggle-btn {
padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.toggle-btn:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.toggle-btn.active {
color: white;
}
.visualization-area {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.counter-row {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.counter-label {
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.counter-value {
font-size: 1.5rem;
font-weight: 700;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.modify-btn {
display: block;
margin: 0 auto 1rem;
padding: 0.4rem 1rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.modify-btn:hover:not(:disabled) {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.modify-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.7;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.steps-title {
font-size: 0.9rem;
font-weight: 600;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.steps-list {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.step-item {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
transition: border-color 0.2s, box-shadow 0.2s;
}
.step-item.pending {
opacity: 0.6;
}
.step-badge {
flex-shrink: 0;
width: 1.25rem;
height: 1.25rem;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
font-size: 0.75rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.step-item.active .step-badge {
background: var(--tab-accent);
color: white;
}
.step-item.done .step-badge {
background: var(--vp-c-green-1);
color: white;
}
.step-text {
flex: 1;
}
.step-check {
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
font-weight: 700;
}
.step-item.done {
border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.info-box {
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
.toggle-bar {
flex-direction: column;
}
.toggle-btn {
width: 100%;
}
.steps-list {
flex-direction: column;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,434 @@
<template>
<div class="demo-root">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">虚拟 DOM Diff 过程</span>
<span class="subtitle">最小化 DOM 更新的核心机制</span>
</div>
<div class="control-panel">
<button
class="action-btn"
:disabled="isModified"
@click="modifyData"
>
修改数据
</button>
<button
class="outline-btn"
:disabled="!isModified"
@click="reset"
>
重置
</button>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="columns-row">
<div class="column">
<div class="column-title">Old VTree</div>
<div class="tree-container">
<div class="tree-node tree-root">div.app</div>
<div class="tree-children">
<div class="tree-node">h1: 待办清单</div>
<div class="tree-node">ul.list</div>
<div class="tree-children">
<div class="tree-node">li: 学习 Vue</div>
<div class="tree-node">li: 写作业</div>
<div class="tree-node">li: 打游戏</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="column">
<div class="column-title">Diff Result</div>
<div v-if="isModified" class="diff-badges">
<span class="badge badge-modified">修改: 1 个节点</span>
<span class="badge badge-new">新增: 1 个节点</span>
</div>
<div class="tree-container">
<div class="tree-node tree-root">div.app</div>
<div class="tree-children">
<div class="tree-node node-unchanged">h1: 待办清单</div>
<div class="tree-node node-unchanged">ul.list</div>
<div class="tree-children">
<div
:class="[
'tree-node',
isModified && 'node-unchanged'
]"
>
li: 学习 Vue
</div>
<div
:class="[
'tree-node',
isModified && 'node-modified'
]"
>
li: {{ isModified ? '写代码' : '写作业' }}
</div>
<div
:class="[
'tree-node',
isModified && 'node-unchanged'
]"
>
li: 打游戏
</div>
<div
v-if="isModified"
class="tree-node node-new"
>
li: 看电影
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="column">
<div class="column-title">Real DOM</div>
<div class="real-dom-preview">
<div class="dom-root">
<div class="dom-node">div.app</div>
<div class="dom-children">
<div class="dom-node">h1: 待办清单</div>
<ul class="dom-list">
<li>学习 Vue</li>
<li :class="{ 'dom-changed': isModified }">
{{ isModified ? '写代码' : '写作业' }}
</li>
<li>打游戏</li>
<li
v-if="isModified"
class="dom-new"
>
看电影
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="metrics-row">
<div class="metric-card">
<div class="metric-value">7</div>
<div class="metric-label">虚拟 DOM 节点总数</div>
</div>
<div class="metric-card">
<div class="metric-value">{{ isModified ? '2' : '0' }}</div>
<div class="metric-label">需要更新的真实 DOM</div>
</div>
<div class="metric-card">
<div class="metric-value">{{ isModified ? '71%' : '—' }}</div>
<div class="metric-label">节省的 DOM 操作</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心思想</strong>
虚拟 DOM 先在内存中对比新旧两棵树找出最小差异然后只更新必要的真实 DOM 节点避免了大量无效操作
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const isModified = ref(false)
function modifyData() {
if (isModified.value) return
isModified.value = true
}
function reset() {
isModified.value = false
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.demo-root {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.control-panel {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.action-btn {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.action-btn:hover:not(:disabled) {
opacity: 0.9;
}
.action-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.5;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.outline-btn {
background: transparent;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.outline-btn:hover:not(:disabled) {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.outline-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.5;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.visualization-area {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.columns-row {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 1fr;
gap: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.column {
min-width: 0;
}
.column-title {
font-size: 0.8rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.tree-container {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.5rem;
min-height: 6rem;
}
.diff-badges {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
gap: 0.35rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.badge {
font-size: 0.72rem;
padding: 0.2rem 0.4rem;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.badge-modified {
background: rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.2);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-warning-1);
color: var(--vp-c-warning-1);
}
.badge-new {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.2);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-green-1);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.real-dom-preview {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.5rem;
}
.dom-root {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.8rem;
}
.dom-node {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
margin: 0.2rem 0;
}
.dom-children {
margin-left: 1rem;
}
.dom-list {
list-style: none;
padding-left: 0;
margin: 0.25rem 0;
}
.dom-list li {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
margin: 0.2rem 0;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.8rem;
transition: all 0.3s ease;
}
.dom-changed {
border-color: var(--vp-c-warning-1);
background: rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.1);
animation: flash 0.5s ease;
}
.dom-new {
border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
animation: fadeIn 0.4s ease;
}
@keyframes flash {
0%,
100% {
background: rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.1);
}
50% {
background: rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.25);
}
}
@keyframes fadeIn {
from {
opacity: 0;
transform: translateY(-4px);
}
to {
opacity: 1;
transform: translateY(0);
}
}
.metrics-row {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.metric-card {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.5rem;
border-radius: 6px;
text-align: center;
}
.metric-value {
font-size: 1.2rem;
font-weight: bold;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.metric-label {
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-top: 0.15rem;
}
.info-box {
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.tree-container .tree-node {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
padding: 0.25rem 0.5rem;
font-size: 0.8rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
margin: 0.2rem 0;
}
.tree-container .tree-node.node-modified {
border-color: var(--vp-c-warning-1);
background: rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.1);
}
.tree-container .tree-node.node-new {
border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
}
.tree-container .tree-node.node-unchanged {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.tree-children {
margin-left: 1rem;
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
.columns-row {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.metrics-row {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
<template>
<div class="what-is-dom-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">HTML DOM </span>
<span class="subtitle">浏览器如何理解你写的 HTML</span>
</div>
<div class="demo-body">
<div class="html-panel">
<div class="panel-title">你写的 HTML 代码</div>
<div class="code-display">
<div
v-for="(line, i) in htmlLines"
:key="i"
:class="['code-line', { highlighted: highlightedTag === line.tag }]"
@mouseenter="highlightedTag = line.tag"
@mouseleave="highlightedTag = ''"
>
<span class="line-num">{{ i + 1 }}</span>
<span class="line-code" :style="{ paddingLeft: line.indent * 12 + 'px' }">{{ line.text }}</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="arrow-col">
<div class="arrow-label">浏览器解析</div>
<div class="arrow-icon"></div>
</div>
<div class="tree-panel">
<div class="panel-title">浏览器生成的 DOM </div>
<div class="tree-display">
<div
v-for="node in treeNodes"
:key="node.id"
:class="['tree-node', { highlighted: highlightedTag === node.tag }]"
:style="{ marginLeft: node.depth * 20 + 'px' }"
@mouseenter="highlightedTag = node.tag"
@mouseleave="highlightedTag = ''"
>
<span class="connector" v-if="node.depth > 0"></span>
<span class="node-tag">{{ node.label }}</span>
<span v-if="node.text" class="node-text">"{{ node.text }}"</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="dom-explain">
<div class="explain-item">
<span class="explain-icon">📄</span>
<div class="explain-content">
<strong>节点Node</strong>
<span>DOM 树上的每一个方块就是一个节点每个 HTML 标签 <code>&lt;h1&gt;</code><code>&lt;p&gt;</code>都对应一个节点</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="explain-item">
<span class="explain-icon">🌳</span>
<div class="explain-content">
<strong>父子关系</strong>
<span>标签嵌套在另一个标签里面 DOM 树上就是父节点和子节点的关系<code>&lt;body&gt;</code> 里包含 <code>&lt;h1&gt;</code>所以 body h1 的父节点</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="explain-item">
<span class="explain-icon"></span>
<div class="explain-content">
<strong>DOM 操作</strong>
<span>JavaScript 可以增加删除修改 DOM 树上的节点修改节点后浏览器会重新计算布局并重新绘制页面这就是"DOM 操作"</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>关键概念</strong>
<span>DOM 是浏览器在内存中维护的一棵树它和你写的 HTML 一一对应JavaScript 无法直接修改 HTML 文件它修改的是这棵 DOM 浏览器再根据 DOM 树的变化更新屏幕上的显示</span>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const highlightedTag = ref('')
const htmlLines = [
{ text: '<html>', indent: 0, tag: 'html' },
{ text: '<body>', indent: 1, tag: 'body' },
{ text: '<h1>我的购物车</h1>', indent: 2, tag: 'h1' },
{ text: '<p>共 3 件商品</p>', indent: 2, tag: 'p' },
{ text: '<ul>', indent: 2, tag: 'ul' },
{ text: '<li>耳机</li>', indent: 3, tag: 'li1' },
{ text: '<li>键盘</li>', indent: 3, tag: 'li2' },
{ text: '<li>鼠标</li>', indent: 3, tag: 'li3' },
{ text: '</ul>', indent: 2, tag: 'ul' },
{ text: '<button>结算</button>', indent: 2, tag: 'btn' },
{ text: '</body>', indent: 1, tag: 'body' },
{ text: '</html>', indent: 0, tag: 'html' }
]
const treeNodes = [
{ id: 1, label: 'html', depth: 0, tag: 'html' },
{ id: 2, label: 'body', depth: 1, tag: 'body' },
{ id: 3, label: 'h1', depth: 2, tag: 'h1', text: '我的购物车' },
{ id: 4, label: 'p', depth: 2, tag: 'p', text: '共 3 件商品' },
{ id: 5, label: 'ul', depth: 2, tag: 'ul' },
{ id: 6, label: 'li', depth: 3, tag: 'li1', text: '耳机' },
{ id: 7, label: 'li', depth: 3, tag: 'li2', text: '键盘' },
{ id: 8, label: 'li', depth: 3, tag: 'li3', text: '鼠标' },
{ id: 9, label: 'button', depth: 2, tag: 'btn', text: '结算' }
]
</script>
<style scoped>
.what-is-dom-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.demo-header .title {
font-size: 1rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.demo-header .subtitle {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.demo-body {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.html-panel,
.tree-panel {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem;
}
.panel-title {
font-size: 0.78rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.code-display {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.75rem;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.code-line {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
cursor: default;
transition: background 0.15s;
}
.code-line.highlighted {
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.1);
}
.line-num {
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
font-size: 0.65rem;
min-width: 1rem;
text-align: right;
flex-shrink: 0;
user-select: none;
}
.line-code {
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.arrow-col {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
gap: 0.3rem;
padding-top: 1.5rem;
}
.arrow-label {
font-size: 0.68rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
writing-mode: vertical-rl;
white-space: nowrap;
}
.arrow-icon {
font-size: 1.2rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-weight: bold;
}
.tree-display {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.75rem;
line-height: 1.7;
}
.tree-node {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.3rem;
padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
cursor: default;
transition: background 0.15s;
}
.tree-node.highlighted {
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.1);
}
.connector {
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
font-size: 0.7rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.node-tag {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 3px;
padding: 0 0.3rem;
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.tree-node.highlighted .node-tag {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.node-text {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.7rem;
}
.dom-explain {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.explain-item {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem;
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.explain-icon {
font-size: 1rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.explain-content {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.4;
}
.explain-content strong {
display: block;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
margin-bottom: 0.15rem;
font-size: 0.8rem;
}
.explain-content code {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0 0.2rem;
border-radius: 2px;
font-size: 0.72rem;
}
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
.demo-body {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.arrow-col {
flex-direction: row;
padding-top: 0;
}
.arrow-label {
writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
}
.dom-explain {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,476 @@
<template>
<div class="why-no-auto-sync-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="title">变量修改时发生了什么</span>
<span class="subtitle">原生 JavaScript vs 框架</span>
</div>
<div class="toggle-bar">
<button
:class="['toggle-btn', { active: mode === 'native' }]"
@click="switchMode('native')"
>
原生 JavaScript
</button>
<button
:class="['toggle-btn', { active: mode === 'framework' }]"
@click="switchMode('framework')"
>
使用框架Vue
</button>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="code-col">
<div class="col-title">你写的代码</div>
<div class="code-block">
<div class="code-line">
<span class="code-comment">// 点击按钮时执行</span>
</div>
<div :class="['code-line', 'code-highlight', { executing: step >= 1 }]">
<span class="code-text">count = count + 1</span>
<span v-if="step >= 1" class="step-badge">{{ step >= 1 ? '✓ 执行' : '' }}</span>
</div>
<template v-if="mode === 'native'">
<div class="code-line code-gap" />
<div class="code-line">
<span class="code-comment">// 你还要手动写下面这些:</span>
</div>
<div :class="['code-line', 'code-manual', { executing: step >= 2, missing: step === 1 }]">
<span class="code-text">document.getElementById('count')</span>
</div>
<div :class="['code-line', 'code-manual', { executing: step >= 2, missing: step === 1 }]">
<span class="code-text"> .textContent = count</span>
<span v-if="step >= 2" class="step-badge"> 手动</span>
<span v-else-if="step === 1" class="step-badge miss">需要你写</span>
</div>
<div :class="['code-line', 'code-manual', { executing: step >= 3, missing: step < 3 && step >= 1 }]">
<span class="code-text">document.getElementById('total')</span>
</div>
<div :class="['code-line', 'code-manual', { executing: step >= 3, missing: step < 3 && step >= 1 }]">
<span class="code-text"> .textContent = count * 99</span>
<span v-if="step >= 3" class="step-badge"> 手动</span>
<span v-else-if="step >= 1" class="step-badge miss">需要你写</span>
</div>
</template>
<template v-else>
<div class="code-line code-gap" />
<div class="code-line">
<span class="code-comment">// 不需要写别的了</span>
</div>
<div class="code-line">
<span class="code-comment">// 框架会自动完成后续步骤</span>
</div>
</template>
</div>
</div>
<div class="flow-col">
<div class="col-title">执行流程</div>
<div class="flow-steps">
<div :class="['flow-step', { active: step >= 1, done: step > 1 }]">
<span class="flow-num">1</span>
<div class="flow-content">
<div class="flow-title">JavaScript 修改变量</div>
<div class="flow-desc">count {{ count - 1 }} 变成 {{ count }}</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="flow-arrow" :class="{ active: step >= 1 }">
<span v-if="mode === 'native'">{{ step === 1 ? ' 到这里就停了' : '' }}</span>
<span v-else>{{ step >= 1 ? '↓ 框架自动接管' : '↓' }}</span>
</div>
<div :class="['flow-step', { active: step >= 2, done: step > 2, auto: mode === 'framework' }]">
<span class="flow-num">2</span>
<div class="flow-content">
<div class="flow-title">
{{ mode === 'native' ? '找到 DOM 节点' : '框架检测到变化' }}
</div>
<div class="flow-desc">
{{ mode === 'native'
? '手动调用 document.getElementById()'
: 'Proxy 拦截了赋值操作,通知更新系统' }}
</div>
</div>
<span v-if="mode === 'framework' && step >= 2" class="auto-badge">自动</span>
</div>
<div class="flow-arrow" :class="{ active: step >= 2 }"></div>
<div :class="['flow-step', { active: step >= 3, done: step > 3, auto: mode === 'framework' }]">
<span class="flow-num">3</span>
<div class="flow-content">
<div class="flow-title">
{{ mode === 'native' ? '修改 DOM 内容' : '框架更新所有相关 DOM' }}
</div>
<div class="flow-desc">
{{ mode === 'native'
? '手动调用 .textContent = 新值'
: '自动找到所有使用了 count 的位置并更新' }}
</div>
</div>
<span v-if="mode === 'framework' && step >= 3" class="auto-badge">自动</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="result-col">
<div class="col-title">界面结果</div>
<div class="result-card">
<div :class="['result-item', { updated: step >= (mode === 'native' ? 2 : 2) }]">
<span class="result-label">购物车</span>
<span class="result-value">{{ step >= (mode === 'native' ? 2 : 2) ? count : count - 1 }} </span>
</div>
<div :class="['result-item', { updated: step >= (mode === 'native' ? 3 : 2), stale: mode === 'native' && step >= 1 && step < 3 }]">
<span class="result-label">总价</span>
<span class="result-value">¥{{ step >= (mode === 'native' ? 3 : 2) ? count * 99 : (count - 1) * 99 }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div v-if="mode === 'native' && step === 1" class="stale-warning">
变量已经改了但界面没有任何变化
</div>
<div v-if="mode === 'native' && step === 2" class="stale-warning partial">
购物车更新了但总价还是旧的
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="controls">
<button class="action-btn" :disabled="isAnimating" @click="runStep">
{{ step === 0 ? '执行 count = count + 1' : mode === 'native' && step < 3 ? '继续手动同步下一个' : '再执行一次' }}
</button>
<button class="action-btn outline" @click="reset">重置</button>
</div>
<div class="info-box" v-if="mode === 'native'">
<strong>为什么不自动</strong>
<span>JavaScript 的变量是"无感知"你执行 <code>count = 4</code> JavaScript 引擎只是把内存中 count 的值从 3 改成 4仅此而已它不会通知任何人不会触发任何回调不会去检查页面上哪里显示了 count所以界面不会有任何变化除非你自己写代码去更新 DOM</span>
</div>
<div class="info-box" v-else>
<strong>框架怎么做到的</strong>
<span>框架把你的数据用特殊机制包裹起来 Vue 为例它用 JavaScript Proxy代理功能拦截你对变量的赋值操作当你写 <code>count = 4</code> Proxy 会在赋值的同时自动执行一段"通知"代码告诉框架"count 变了"框架再去找到所有用到 count DOM 节点并更新它们整个过程你不需要写任何额外代码</span>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const mode = ref('native')
const step = ref(0)
const count = ref(1)
const isAnimating = ref(false)
function switchMode(m) {
if (isAnimating.value) return
mode.value = m
reset()
}
function reset() {
step.value = 0
count.value = 1
isAnimating.value = false
}
async function runStep() {
if (isAnimating.value) return
if (mode.value === 'native') {
if (step.value === 0) {
isAnimating.value = true
count.value++
step.value = 1
isAnimating.value = false
} else if (step.value === 1) {
step.value = 2
} else if (step.value === 2) {
step.value = 3
} else {
reset()
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 100))
runStep()
}
} else {
if (step.value === 0 || step.value >= 3) {
if (step.value >= 3) {
reset()
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 100))
}
isAnimating.value = true
count.value++
step.value = 1
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 400))
step.value = 2
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 400))
step.value = 3
isAnimating.value = false
}
}
}
</script>
<style scoped>
.why-no-auto-sync-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.75rem;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
align-items: baseline;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.demo-header .title { font-size: 1rem; font-weight: 600; }
.demo-header .subtitle { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--vp-c-text-2); }
.toggle-bar {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.toggle-btn {
padding: 0.4rem 0.8rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.toggle-btn:hover { border-color: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.toggle-btn.active { background: var(--vp-c-brand); color: white; border-color: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.visualization-area {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr 0.8fr;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.col-title {
font-size: 0.78rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.code-col, .flow-col, .result-col {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.6rem;
}
.code-block {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.72rem;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.code-line {
padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.3rem;
}
.code-gap { height: 0.3rem; }
.code-comment { color: var(--vp-c-text-3); }
.code-text { color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
.code-highlight.executing {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
border-left: 2px solid var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.code-manual {
transition: all 0.3s;
}
.code-manual.executing {
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.08);
border-left: 2px solid var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.code-manual.missing {
opacity: 0.5;
border-left: 2px dashed var(--vp-c-danger-1);
}
.step-badge {
font-size: 0.62rem;
padding: 0 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
background: var(--vp-c-green-1);
color: white;
flex-shrink: 0;
margin-left: auto;
}
.step-badge.miss {
background: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
}
.flow-steps {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.2rem;
}
.flow-step {
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
gap: 0.4rem;
padding: 0.4rem 0.5rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
transition: all 0.3s;
opacity: 0.4;
position: relative;
}
.flow-step.active { opacity: 1; border-color: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.flow-step.done { opacity: 1; border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1); }
.flow-step.auto.active { border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1); background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.05); }
.flow-num {
width: 1.2rem;
height: 1.2rem;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
border-radius: 50%;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.68rem;
font-weight: 700;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.flow-step.active .flow-num { background: var(--vp-c-brand); color: white; border-color: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.flow-step.done .flow-num { background: var(--vp-c-green-1); color: white; border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1); }
.flow-content { flex: 1; min-width: 0; }
.flow-title { font-size: 0.78rem; font-weight: 600; color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
.flow-desc { font-size: 0.7rem; color: var(--vp-c-text-2); margin-top: 0.1rem; }
.auto-badge {
position: absolute;
top: 0.25rem;
right: 0.35rem;
font-size: 0.58rem;
padding: 0 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
background: var(--vp-c-green-1);
color: white;
font-weight: 600;
}
.flow-arrow {
text-align: center;
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
padding: 0.1rem 0;
transition: color 0.3s;
}
.flow-arrow.active { color: var(--vp-c-brand); font-weight: 600; }
.result-card {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.result-item {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
padding: 0.4rem 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
font-size: 0.82rem;
transition: all 0.3s;
}
.result-item.updated { border-color: var(--vp-c-green-1); background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.06); }
.result-item.stale { border-color: var(--vp-c-danger-1); background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.06); }
.result-label { color: var(--vp-c-text-2); }
.result-value { font-weight: 700; }
.stale-warning {
margin-top: 0.4rem;
font-size: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-danger-1);
font-weight: 600;
padding: 0.3rem 0.5rem;
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.06);
border-radius: 4px;
text-align: center;
}
.stale-warning.partial { color: var(--vp-c-warning-1); background: rgba(255, 206, 86, 0.08); }
.controls {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.action-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.8rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.action-btn:disabled { opacity: 0.6; cursor: not-allowed; }
.action-btn.outline { background: transparent; border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider); color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
.action-btn.outline:hover { border-color: var(--vp-c-brand); color: var(--vp-c-brand); }
.info-box {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
line-height: 1.5;
}
.info-box strong { white-space: nowrap; flex-shrink: 0; color: var(--vp-c-text-1); }
.info-box code {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0 0.2rem;
border-radius: 2px;
font-size: 0.78rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
}
@media (max-width: 720px) {
.visualization-area { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
.toggle-bar { flex-direction: column; }
.toggle-btn { width: 100%; }
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,385 @@
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const searchQuery = ref('')
const selectedCategory = ref('all')
const categories = [
{ id: 'all', label: '全部' },
{ id: 'web', label: '网页' },
{ id: 'data', label: '数据库' },
{ id: 'dev', label: '开发常用' },
{ id: 'remote', label: '远程/传输' }
]
const ports = [
{ port: 80, name: 'HTTP', desc: '网页访问(未加密)', category: 'web', risk: 'low', example: 'http://example.com' },
{ port: 443, name: 'HTTPS', desc: '网页访问(加密)', category: 'web', risk: 'low', example: 'https://example.com' },
{ port: 22, name: 'SSH', desc: '安全远程登录', category: 'remote', risk: 'medium', example: 'ssh user@server' },
{ port: 21, name: 'FTP', desc: '文件传输', category: 'remote', risk: 'high', example: 'ftp://server/file.zip' },
{ port: 3306, name: 'MySQL', desc: 'MySQL 数据库', category: 'data', risk: 'high', example: 'mysql -h localhost -P 3306' },
{ port: 5432, name: 'PostgreSQL', desc: 'PostgreSQL 数据库', category: 'data', risk: 'high', example: 'psql -h localhost -p 5432' },
{ port: 27017, name: 'MongoDB', desc: 'MongoDB 数据库', category: 'data', risk: 'high', example: 'mongosh localhost:27017' },
{ port: 6379, name: 'Redis', desc: 'Redis 缓存', category: 'data', risk: 'high', example: 'redis-cli -p 6379' },
{ port: 3000, name: 'Node/React', desc: 'Node.js / React 开发服务器', category: 'dev', risk: 'low', example: 'npm start → localhost:3000' },
{ port: 5173, name: 'Vite', desc: 'Vite 开发服务器', category: 'dev', risk: 'low', example: 'npm run dev → localhost:5173' },
{ port: 8080, name: '通用 HTTP', desc: 'HTTP 备用端口 / 代理', category: 'dev', risk: 'low', example: 'localhost:8080/api' },
{ port: 8000, name: 'Django/Python', desc: 'Django / Python HTTP 服务', category: 'dev', risk: 'low', example: 'python manage.py runserver' },
{ port: 5000, name: 'Flask', desc: 'Flask 开发服务器', category: 'dev', risk: 'low', example: 'flask run → localhost:5000' },
{ port: 4200, name: 'Angular', desc: 'Angular 开发服务器', category: 'dev', risk: 'low', example: 'ng serve → localhost:4200' },
{ port: 53, name: 'DNS', desc: '域名解析', category: 'remote', risk: 'medium', example: 'dig @8.8.8.8 example.com' },
{ port: 25, name: 'SMTP', desc: '邮件发送', category: 'remote', risk: 'medium', example: '邮件服务器发信端口' },
]
const riskLabels = { low: '安全', medium: '注意', high: '敏感' }
const riskColors = { low: '#10b981', medium: '#f59e0b', high: '#ef4444' }
const filteredPorts = computed(() => {
return ports.filter(p => {
const matchCategory = selectedCategory.value === 'all' || p.category === selectedCategory.value
const matchSearch = !searchQuery.value ||
p.name.toLowerCase().includes(searchQuery.value.toLowerCase()) ||
p.port.toString().includes(searchQuery.value) ||
p.desc.includes(searchQuery.value)
return matchCategory && matchSearch
})
})
const expandedPort = ref(null)
function toggleExpand(port) {
expandedPort.value = expandedPort.value === port ? null : port
}
</script>
<template>
<div class="common-ports-demo">
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="search-bar">
<span class="search-icon">🔍</span>
<input
v-model="searchQuery"
type="text"
placeholder="搜索端口号或服务名..."
class="search-input"
>
</div>
<div class="category-tabs">
<button
v-for="cat in categories"
:key="cat.id"
:class="['tab-btn', { active: selectedCategory === cat.id }]"
@click="selectedCategory = cat.id"
>
{{ cat.label }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="port-table">
<div class="table-header">
<span class="col-port">端口</span>
<span class="col-name">服务</span>
<span class="col-desc">说明</span>
<span class="col-risk">暴露风险</span>
</div>
<div
v-for="p in filteredPorts"
:key="p.port"
:class="['table-row', { expanded: expandedPort === p.port }]"
@click="toggleExpand(p.port)"
>
<div class="row-main">
<code class="col-port">{{ p.port }}</code>
<span class="col-name">{{ p.name }}</span>
<span class="col-desc">{{ p.desc }}</span>
<span
class="col-risk risk-badge"
:style="{ color: riskColors[p.risk], borderColor: riskColors[p.risk] }"
>
{{ riskLabels[p.risk] }}
</span>
</div>
<transition name="expand">
<div v-if="expandedPort === p.port" class="row-detail">
<span class="detail-label">使用示例</span>
<code>{{ p.example }}</code>
</div>
</transition>
</div>
<div v-if="filteredPorts.length === 0" class="empty-state">
没有匹配的端口试试其他关键词
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="range-explain">
<div class="range-item">
<div class="range-header well-known">0 1023</div>
<div class="range-body">
<strong>系统端口</strong>
<span>预留给标准服务HTTPSSH 普通用户不能随便占用</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="range-item">
<div class="range-header registered">1024 49151</div>
<div class="range-body">
<strong>注册端口</strong>
<span>留给常见应用MySQL 3306Redis 6379 开发中最常遇到的范围</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="range-item">
<div class="range-header dynamic">49152 65535</div>
<div class="range-body">
<strong>动态端口</strong>
<span>操作系统临时分配的端口比如你的浏览器发请求时系统会随机给你一个</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>安全提醒</strong>数据库端口33065432270176379绝对不要直接暴露到公网生产环境应只允许内网访问或通过 SSH 隧道连接
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style scoped>
.common-ports-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.control-panel {
padding: 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.75rem;
}
.search-bar {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.4rem 0.6rem;
}
.search-icon { font-size: 0.9rem; }
.search-input {
flex: 1;
border: none;
background: transparent;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
outline: none;
}
.category-tabs {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.tab-btn {
padding: 0.3rem 0.65rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.tab-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.visualization-area {
padding: 0.75rem;
}
.port-table {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
}
.table-header {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 70px 100px 1fr 70px;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.78rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.table-row {
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
cursor: pointer;
transition: background 0.15s;
}
.table-row:last-child {
border-bottom: none;
}
.table-row:hover {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
}
.row-main {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 70px 100px 1fr 70px;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
align-items: center;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.col-port {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.col-name {
font-weight: 600;
}
.col-desc {
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.risk-badge {
font-size: 0.72rem;
font-weight: 600;
border: 1px solid;
padding: 0.1rem 0.35rem;
border-radius: 3px;
text-align: center;
}
.row-detail {
padding: 0.4rem 0.75rem 0.6rem;
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-top: 1px dashed var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.detail-label {
font-weight: 600;
margin-right: 0.4rem;
}
.row-detail code {
font-size: 0.8rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.15rem 0.4rem;
border-radius: 3px;
}
.empty-state {
padding: 2rem;
text-align: center;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
font-size: 0.88rem;
}
.range-explain {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.75rem;
}
.range-item {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
}
.range-header {
padding: 0.4rem 0.6rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.78rem;
font-weight: 700;
text-align: center;
color: white;
}
.range-header.well-known { background: #ef4444; }
.range-header.registered { background: #f59e0b; }
.range-header.dynamic { background: #10b981; }
.range-body {
padding: 0.5rem 0.6rem;
font-size: 0.78rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.2rem;
}
.range-body strong {
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.range-body span {
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
line-height: 1.4;
}
.info-box {
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.88rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
color: var(--vp-c-red-1);
}
.expand-enter-active, .expand-leave-active {
transition: all 0.2s ease;
}
.expand-enter-from, .expand-leave-to {
opacity: 0;
max-height: 0;
padding-top: 0;
padding-bottom: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.table-header, .row-main {
grid-template-columns: 55px 80px 1fr 55px;
gap: 0.3rem;
}
.range-explain {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,470 @@
<script setup>
import { ref } from 'vue'
const currentStep = ref(0)
const isPlaying = ref(false)
const steps = [
{
title: '1. 你执行 npm run dev',
terminal: '$ npm run dev\n\n> vite\n\n 准备就绪...',
desc: '你在终端里敲下启动命令',
highlight: 'terminal'
},
{
title: '2. Vite 启动 HTTP 服务器',
terminal: '$ npm run dev\n\n> vite\n\n VITE v5.4.0 ready in 200 ms\n\n ➜ Local: http://localhost:5173/\n ➜ Network: http://192.168.1.10:5173/',
desc: 'Vite 在本机的 5173 端口启动了一个 HTTP 服务器,等待连接',
highlight: 'server'
},
{
title: '3. 你打开浏览器访问',
terminal: '$ npm run dev\n\n> vite\n\n VITE v5.4.0 ready in 200 ms\n\n ➜ Local: http://localhost:5173/\n ➜ Network: http://192.168.1.10:5173/',
browser: 'http://localhost:5173',
desc: '浏览器向 localhost:5173 发起 HTTP 请求',
highlight: 'browser'
},
{
title: '4. 服务器返回页面',
terminal: '$ npm run dev\n\n> vite\n\n VITE v5.4.0 ready in 200 ms\n\n ➜ Local: http://localhost:5173/\n ➜ Network: http://192.168.1.10:5173/\n\n 10:30:01 [200] /\n 10:30:01 [200] /src/main.js\n 10:30:01 [200] /src/App.vue',
browser: 'http://localhost:5173',
page: '🎉 你的页面出现了!',
desc: 'Vite 处理请求,返回 HTML/JS/CSS,浏览器渲染页面',
highlight: 'page'
},
{
title: '5. 热更新(HMR',
terminal: '$ npm run dev\n\n VITE v5.4.0 ready in 200 ms\n\n ➜ Local: http://localhost:5173/\n\n 10:30:01 [200] /\n 10:35:22 [vite] hmr update /src/App.vue',
browser: 'http://localhost:5173',
page: '🔄 页面自动刷新了!',
desc: '你修改代码后,Vite 通过 WebSocket 通知浏览器,页面自动更新',
highlight: 'hmr'
}
]
async function playAll() {
if (isPlaying.value) return
isPlaying.value = true
currentStep.value = 0
for (let i = 0; i < steps.length; i++) {
currentStep.value = i
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 1800))
}
isPlaying.value = false
}
function goStep(i) {
currentStep.value = i
}
function reset() {
currentStep.value = 0
isPlaying.value = false
}
</script>
<template>
<div class="devserver-flow-demo">
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="step-indicators">
<div
v-for="(s, i) in steps"
:key="i"
:class="['step-dot', { active: currentStep >= i, current: currentStep === i }]"
@click="goStep(i)"
>
{{ i + 1 }}
</div>
</div>
<div class="control-btns">
<button class="action-btn" :disabled="isPlaying" @click="playAll">
{{ isPlaying ? '播放中...' : '▶ 自动演示' }}
</button>
<button class="action-btn ghost" @click="reset">重置</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="step-title">{{ steps[currentStep].title }}</div>
<div class="flow-layout">
<div :class="['panel terminal-panel', { highlight: steps[currentStep].highlight === 'terminal' }]">
<div class="panel-header">
<span class="dot red" /><span class="dot yellow" /><span class="dot green" />
<span class="panel-title">终端</span>
</div>
<pre class="terminal-content">{{ steps[currentStep].terminal }}</pre>
</div>
<div class="arrow-col">
<div :class="['flow-arrow', { active: currentStep >= 1 }]">
<span class="arrow-label">监听</span>
<span class="arrow-char"></span>
</div>
</div>
<div :class="['panel browser-panel', {
highlight: steps[currentStep].highlight === 'browser' || steps[currentStep].highlight === 'page' || steps[currentStep].highlight === 'hmr'
}]">
<div class="panel-header">
<span class="dot red" /><span class="dot yellow" /><span class="dot green" />
<span class="panel-title">浏览器</span>
</div>
<div class="browser-content">
<div v-if="steps[currentStep].browser" class="browser-url-bar">
{{ steps[currentStep].browser }}
</div>
<div v-else class="browser-empty">等待你打开浏览器...</div>
<div v-if="steps[currentStep].page" class="browser-page">
{{ steps[currentStep].page }}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="step-desc">
💡 {{ steps[currentStep].desc }}
</div>
</div>
<div class="http-explain">
<div class="http-title">什么是 HTTP 服务器</div>
<div class="http-analogy">
<div class="analogy-item">
<span class="analogy-icon">🏪</span>
<div class="analogy-text">
<strong>想象一个前台窗口</strong>
<span>HTTP 服务器就像一个"永远开着的服务窗口"它一直等在那里有人来问就回答没人来就静静等着</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="analogy-item">
<span class="analogy-icon">📋</span>
<div class="analogy-text">
<strong>只懂一种"暗号"</strong>
<span>这个窗口只听得懂 HTTP 协议的请求格式比如 <code>GET /index.html</code>然后把对应的文件内容返回给你</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="analogy-item">
<span class="analogy-icon"></span>
<div class="analogy-text">
<strong>开发服务器 = 加强版窗口</strong>
<span>ViteWebpack 的开发服务器不只是"原样返回文件"它还会即时编译你的代码Vue JSTS JSSass CSS然后再返回给浏览器</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>一句话总结</strong>开发服务器 = 一个运行在 localhost 上的 HTTP 服务器 + 即时代码编译器它监听某个端口浏览器来请求它就把编译好的代码返回
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style scoped>
.devserver-flow-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.control-panel {
padding: 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
flex-wrap: wrap;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.step-indicators {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.step-dot {
width: 28px;
height: 28px;
border-radius: 50%;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-size: 0.75rem;
font-weight: 700;
cursor: pointer;
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.step-dot.active {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.step-dot.current {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.control-btns {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.action-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: 600;
transition: opacity 0.2s;
}
.action-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.6;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.action-btn.ghost {
background: transparent;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.visualization-area {
padding: 1rem;
}
.step-title {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 0.95rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.flow-layout {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
gap: 0.5rem;
align-items: stretch;
}
.panel {
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
overflow: hidden;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
transition: border-color 0.3s, box-shadow 0.3s;
}
.panel.highlight {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
box-shadow: 0 0 12px rgba(100, 108, 255, 0.2);
}
.panel-header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.3rem;
padding: 0.4rem 0.6rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.dot {
width: 8px;
height: 8px;
border-radius: 50%;
}
.dot.red { background: #ef4444; }
.dot.yellow { background: #f59e0b; }
.dot.green { background: #10b981; }
.panel-title {
font-size: 0.78rem;
font-weight: 600;
margin-left: 0.3rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.terminal-content {
padding: 0.75rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.75rem;
line-height: 1.5;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
margin: 0;
min-height: 140px;
white-space: pre-wrap;
word-break: break-all;
}
.browser-content {
padding: 0.75rem;
min-height: 140px;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.browser-url-bar {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.35rem 0.6rem;
border-radius: 4px;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.browser-empty {
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
font-size: 0.85rem;
text-align: center;
padding: 2rem 0;
}
.browser-page {
flex: 1;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
font-size: 1.1rem;
font-weight: 700;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.arrow-col {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
.flow-arrow {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.2rem;
opacity: 0.3;
transition: opacity 0.3s;
}
.flow-arrow.active {
opacity: 1;
}
.arrow-label {
font-size: 0.68rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
writing-mode: vertical-rl;
}
.arrow-char {
font-size: 1.2rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.step-desc {
margin-top: 0.75rem;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.88rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.http-explain {
padding: 1rem;
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.http-title {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 0.92rem;
margin-bottom: 0.6rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.http-analogy {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.analogy-item {
display: flex;
align-items: flex-start;
gap: 0.6rem;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
}
.analogy-icon {
font-size: 1.2rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
margin-top: 0.1rem;
}
.analogy-text {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.15rem;
}
.analogy-text strong {
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.analogy-text span {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.5;
}
.analogy-text code {
font-size: 0.78rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
}
.info-box {
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.88rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.flow-layout {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.arrow-col {
transform: rotate(90deg);
padding: 0.3rem 0;
}
.arrow-label {
writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,452 @@
<script setup>
import { ref, reactive } from 'vue'
const requestUrl = ref('http://localhost:3000/api/hello')
const isRequesting = ref(false)
const requestStep = ref(0)
const responseText = ref('')
const steps = [
{ label: '浏览器', desc: '你在地址栏输入 URL', icon: '🌐' },
{ label: 'DNS 解析', desc: 'localhost → 127.0.0.1(不出网)', icon: '📖' },
{ label: '网络层', desc: '数据包发往 127.0.0.1(环回接口)', icon: '🔄' },
{ label: '本机服务', desc: '端口 3000 上的程序接收请求', icon: '⚙️' },
{ label: '返回响应', desc: '{ "message": "Hello!" }', icon: '📨' }
]
const aliases = reactive([
{ name: 'localhost', ip: '127.0.0.1', desc: '标准域名别名', active: false },
{ name: '127.0.0.1', ip: '127.0.0.1', desc: 'IPv4 环回地址', active: false },
{ name: '::1', ip: '::1', desc: 'IPv6 环回地址', active: false },
{ name: '0.0.0.0', ip: '0.0.0.0', desc: '监听所有网卡', active: false }
])
const selectedAlias = ref(0)
async function simulateRequest() {
if (isRequesting.value) return
isRequesting.value = true
requestStep.value = 0
responseText.value = ''
for (let i = 0; i < steps.length; i++) {
requestStep.value = i + 1
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 700))
}
responseText.value = '{ "message": "Hello from localhost!" }'
await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 500))
isRequesting.value = false
}
function selectAlias(index) {
selectedAlias.value = index
aliases.forEach((a, i) => { a.active = i === index })
}
</script>
<template>
<div class="localhost-demo">
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="url-bar">
<span class="url-icon">🔗</span>
<input
v-model="requestUrl"
type="text"
class="url-input"
readonly
>
<button
class="action-btn"
:disabled="isRequesting"
@click="simulateRequest"
>
{{ isRequesting ? '请求中...' : '发送请求' }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="flow-container">
<div
v-for="(step, i) in steps"
:key="i"
:class="['flow-step', {
active: requestStep > i,
current: requestStep === i + 1
}]"
>
<div class="step-icon">{{ step.icon }}</div>
<div class="step-info">
<span class="step-label">{{ step.label }}</span>
<span class="step-desc">{{ step.desc }}</span>
</div>
<div v-if="i < steps.length - 1" :class="['step-arrow', { active: requestStep > i }]"></div>
</div>
</div>
<transition name="fade">
<div v-if="responseText" class="response-box">
<span class="response-label">响应结果</span>
<code>{{ responseText }}</code>
</div>
</transition>
<div class="loopback-explain">
<div class="loopback-diagram">
<div class="loopback-node app">
<span>你的应用</span>
<span class="small">浏览器</span>
</div>
<div class="loopback-arrow">
<span class="arrow-text">请求不离开本机</span>
<svg width="80" height="60" viewBox="0 0 80 60">
<path d="M10 10 Q40 55 70 10" stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)" stroke-width="2" fill="none" marker-end="url(#arrowhead)" />
<defs>
<marker id="arrowhead" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="4" refX="5" refY="2" orient="auto">
<polygon points="0 0, 6 2, 0 4" fill="var(--vp-c-brand)" />
</marker>
</defs>
</svg>
</div>
<div class="loopback-node server">
<span>本地服务</span>
<span class="small">:3000</span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="alias-section">
<div class="alias-title">localhost "马甲"点击查看说明</div>
<div class="alias-grid">
<div
v-for="(alias, i) in aliases"
:key="i"
:class="['alias-card', { active: selectedAlias === i }]"
@click="selectAlias(i)"
>
<code class="alias-name">{{ alias.name }}</code>
<span class="alias-ip"> {{ alias.ip }}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="alias-desc">
{{ aliases[selectedAlias].desc }}
<template v-if="selectedAlias === 0">
这是写在你电脑 <code>/etc/hosts</code> 文件里的映射浏览器看到 <code>localhost</code> 直接解析为 <code>127.0.0.1</code>不会去问 DNS 服务器
</template>
<template v-else-if="selectedAlias === 1">
<code>127.0.0.1</code> IPv4 "环回地址"发到这个地址的数据包永远不会离开本机操作系统直接在内部把它"折返"回来
</template>
<template v-else-if="selectedAlias === 2">
<code>::1</code> IPv6 版本的环回地址功能和 <code>127.0.0.1</code> 完全一样只不过是 IPv6 格式
</template>
<template v-else>
<code>0.0.0.0</code> 不是"某一个地址"而是"所有地址"当服务监听 <code>0.0.0.0:3000</code> 意味着无论从哪个网卡包括局域网 IP 127.0.0.1都能访问
</template>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心概念</strong>localhost 就是"自己找自己"数据包通过环回接口loopback interface在本机内部折返不经过网线不经过路由器速度极快且完全安全
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style scoped>
.localhost-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.control-panel {
padding: 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.url-bar {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.4rem 0.6rem;
}
.url-icon { font-size: 1rem; }
.url-input {
flex: 1;
border: none;
background: transparent;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
outline: none;
}
.action-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-weight: 600;
white-space: nowrap;
transition: opacity 0.2s;
}
.action-btn:disabled {
opacity: 0.6;
cursor: not-allowed;
}
.visualization-area {
padding: 1rem;
}
.flow-container {
display: flex;
align-items: stretch;
gap: 0;
overflow-x: auto;
padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.flow-step {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
padding: 0.5rem 0.6rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
opacity: 0.4;
transition: all 0.3s;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.flow-step.active {
opacity: 1;
}
.flow-step.current {
opacity: 1;
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(100, 108, 255, 0.3);
}
.step-icon { font-size: 1.2rem; }
.step-info {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
}
.step-label {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.step-desc {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.step-arrow {
font-size: 1.2rem;
color: var(--vp-c-divider);
transition: color 0.3s;
margin: 0 0.1rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.step-arrow.active {
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.response-box {
margin-top: 0.75rem;
padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-green-1);
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.response-label {
font-weight: 600;
margin-right: 0.5rem;
}
.response-box code {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.loopback-explain {
margin-top: 1rem;
padding: 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.loopback-diagram {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.loopback-node {
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
border-radius: 8px;
text-align: center;
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.88rem;
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.15rem;
}
.loopback-node .small {
font-size: 0.72rem;
font-weight: 400;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.loopback-node.app {
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.15);
border: 1px solid #3b82f6;
color: #3b82f6;
}
.loopback-node.server {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.15);
border: 1px solid #10b981;
color: #10b981;
}
.loopback-arrow {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
align-items: center;
}
.arrow-text {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-weight: 500;
}
.alias-section {
padding: 1rem;
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.alias-title {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.9rem;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.alias-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.alias-card {
padding: 0.5rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
text-align: center;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.alias-card:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.alias-card.active {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
background: rgba(100, 108, 255, 0.08);
}
.alias-name {
display: block;
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.alias-ip {
font-size: 0.72rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.alias-desc {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
padding: 0.6rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-radius: 6px;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
line-height: 1.6;
}
.alias-desc code {
font-size: 0.8rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
}
.info-box {
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.88rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active {
transition: opacity 0.3s;
}
.fade-enter-from, .fade-leave-to {
opacity: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.alias-grid {
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
}
.flow-container {
flex-wrap: wrap;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.step-arrow {
display: none;
}
.loopback-diagram {
flex-direction: column;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,304 @@
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const selectedBuilding = ref('web-server')
const buildings = {
'web-server': {
name: 'Web 服务器大楼',
ip: '192.168.1.100',
doors: [
{ port: 80, label: 'HTTP', status: 'open', color: '#10b981', desc: '网页访问入口' },
{ port: 443, label: 'HTTPS', status: 'open', color: '#3b82f6', desc: '加密网页入口' },
{ port: 22, label: 'SSH', status: 'open', color: '#f59e0b', desc: '远程管理通道' },
{ port: 3306, label: 'MySQL', status: 'closed', color: '#ef4444', desc: '数据库(已关闭)' }
]
},
'dev-machine': {
name: '你的开发电脑',
ip: '127.0.0.1',
doors: [
{ port: 3000, label: 'React', status: 'open', color: '#61dafb', desc: '前端开发服务' },
{ port: 5173, label: 'Vite', status: 'open', color: '#646cff', desc: 'Vite 开发服务' },
{ port: 8080, label: 'API', status: 'open', color: '#10b981', desc: '后端 API 服务' },
{ port: 5432, label: 'PostgreSQL', status: 'open', color: '#336791', desc: '本地数据库' }
]
}
}
const currentBuilding = computed(() => buildings[selectedBuilding.value])
const knockingPort = ref(null)
const knockResult = ref('')
function knockDoor(door) {
knockingPort.value = door.port
if (door.status === 'open') {
knockResult.value = `✅ 端口 ${door.port} 开着!${door.label} 服务正在监听,准备接收你的请求。`
} else {
knockResult.value = `🚫 端口 ${door.port} 关着!没有程序在监听这个端口,连接被拒绝 (Connection Refused)。`
}
setTimeout(() => { knockingPort.value = null }, 600)
}
</script>
<template>
<div class="port-analogy-demo">
<div class="control-panel">
<span class="panel-label">选择一栋"大楼"</span>
<div class="btn-group">
<button
v-for="(b, key) in buildings"
:key="key"
:class="['tab-btn', { active: selectedBuilding === key }]"
@click="selectedBuilding = key; knockResult = ''"
>
{{ b.name }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="building">
<div class="building-roof">
<span class="building-name">{{ currentBuilding.name }}</span>
<span class="building-ip">IP: {{ currentBuilding.ip }}</span>
</div>
<div class="doors-grid">
<div
v-for="door in currentBuilding.doors"
:key="door.port"
:class="['door-card', door.status, { knocking: knockingPort === door.port }]"
@click="knockDoor(door)"
>
<div class="door-number" :style="{ backgroundColor: door.color }">
{{ door.port }}
</div>
<div class="door-info">
<span class="door-label">{{ door.label }}</span>
<span class="door-desc">{{ door.desc }}</span>
</div>
<div :class="['door-status', door.status]">
{{ door.status === 'open' ? '🟢 监听中' : '🔴 已关闭' }}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<transition name="fade">
<div v-if="knockResult" :class="['knock-result', { error: knockResult.startsWith('🚫') }]">
{{ knockResult }}
</div>
</transition>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>核心比喻</strong>IP 地址 = 大楼地址端口号 = 房间门牌号一台电脑上可以同时运行多个服务每个服务"占用"一个端口号就像同一栋大楼里的不同房间
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style scoped>
.port-analogy-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.control-panel {
padding: 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.75rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.panel-label {
font-size: 0.9rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
}
.btn-group {
display: flex;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.tab-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.tab-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.visualization-area {
padding: 1rem;
}
.building {
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
overflow: hidden;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
}
.building-roof {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
border-bottom: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.building-name {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.building-ip {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
padding: 0.15rem 0.5rem;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.doors-grid {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
gap: 0.75rem;
padding: 1rem;
}
.door-card {
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 0.75rem;
cursor: pointer;
transition: all 0.2s;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.75rem;
}
.door-card:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
transform: translateY(-1px);
box-shadow: 0 2px 8px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.08);
}
.door-card.knocking {
animation: knock 0.3s ease 2;
}
@keyframes knock {
0%, 100% { transform: translateX(0); }
25% { transform: translateX(-3px); }
75% { transform: translateX(3px); }
}
.door-card.closed {
opacity: 0.6;
}
.door-number {
width: 48px;
height: 48px;
border-radius: 8px;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
color: white;
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.door-info {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.15rem;
flex: 1;
min-width: 0;
}
.door-label {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 0.88rem;
}
.door-desc {
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.door-status {
font-size: 0.75rem;
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.knock-result {
margin-top: 0.75rem;
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.88rem;
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.knock-result.error {
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.1);
color: var(--vp-c-red-1);
border-color: var(--vp-c-red-1);
}
.info-box {
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.88rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active {
transition: opacity 0.3s;
}
.fade-enter-from, .fade-leave-to {
opacity: 0;
}
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.doors-grid {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
.control-panel {
flex-direction: column;
align-items: flex-start;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const services = ref([
{ id: 1, name: 'Vite 前端', port: 5173, status: 'running', color: '#646cff' },
])
const nextServices = [
{ name: 'React 项目', defaultPort: 5173, color: '#61dafb' },
{ name: 'Express API', defaultPort: 3000, color: '#10b981' },
{ name: 'Flask 后端', defaultPort: 5000, color: '#f59e0b' },
]
const nextServiceIndex = ref(0)
const conflictMessage = ref('')
const resolveMessage = ref('')
let idCounter = 2
const nextService = computed(() => nextServices[nextServiceIndex.value])
const occupiedPorts = computed(() => services.value.map(s => s.port))
function tryStart() {
conflictMessage.value = ''
resolveMessage.value = ''
const svc = nextService.value
if (occupiedPorts.value.includes(svc.defaultPort)) {
conflictMessage.value = `❌ 端口 ${svc.defaultPort} 已被「${services.value.find(s => s.port === svc.defaultPort).name}」占用!Error: EADDRINUSE :::${svc.defaultPort}`
} else {
services.value.push({
id: idCounter++,
name: svc.name,
port: svc.defaultPort,
status: 'running',
color: svc.color
})
resolveMessage.value = `${svc.name} 成功启动在端口 ${svc.defaultPort}`
advanceNext()
}
}
function autoResolve() {
const svc = nextService.value
let newPort = svc.defaultPort
while (occupiedPorts.value.includes(newPort)) {
newPort++
}
services.value.push({
id: idCounter++,
name: svc.name,
port: newPort,
status: 'running',
color: svc.color
})
if (newPort !== svc.defaultPort) {
resolveMessage.value = `✅ 端口 ${svc.defaultPort} 被占用,自动换到端口 ${newPort}!(很多框架会自动帮你做这件事)`
} else {
resolveMessage.value = `${svc.name} 成功启动在端口 ${newPort}`
}
conflictMessage.value = ''
advanceNext()
}
function killService(id) {
const svc = services.value.find(s => s.id === id)
if (svc) {
services.value = services.value.filter(s => s.id !== id)
resolveMessage.value = `🗑️ 已停止「${svc.name}」,端口 ${svc.port} 已释放`
conflictMessage.value = ''
}
}
function advanceNext() {
nextServiceIndex.value = (nextServiceIndex.value + 1) % nextServices.length
}
function reset() {
services.value = [
{ id: 1, name: 'Vite 前端', port: 5173, status: 'running', color: '#646cff' }
]
idCounter = 2
nextServiceIndex.value = 0
conflictMessage.value = ''
resolveMessage.value = ''
}
</script>
<template>
<div class="port-conflict-demo">
<div class="control-panel">
<div class="control-left">
<span class="panel-label">尝试启动</span>
<span class="next-svc" :style="{ color: nextService.color }">{{ nextService.name }}</span>
<span class="next-port">默认端口 {{ nextService.defaultPort }}</span>
</div>
<div class="control-btns">
<button class="action-btn" @click="tryStart">直接启动</button>
<button class="action-btn secondary" @click="autoResolve">智能启动</button>
<button class="action-btn ghost" @click="reset">重置</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="port-list">
<div class="port-list-header">
<span>当前运行的服务</span>
<span class="port-count">{{ services.length }} </span>
</div>
<transition-group name="list" tag="div" class="port-items">
<div
v-for="svc in services"
:key="svc.id"
class="port-item"
>
<div class="port-dot" :style="{ backgroundColor: svc.color }" />
<span class="svc-name">{{ svc.name }}</span>
<code class="svc-port">:{{ svc.port }}</code>
<span class="svc-status">🟢 运行中</span>
<button class="kill-btn" title="停止服务" @click="killService(svc.id)"></button>
</div>
</transition-group>
</div>
<transition name="fade">
<div v-if="conflictMessage" class="msg-box error">
<div class="msg-content">{{ conflictMessage }}</div>
<div class="msg-hint">
<strong>解决办法</strong>
停掉占用端口的进程点击上方 按钮
改用其他端口点击"智能启动"
命令行排查<code>lsof -i :{{ nextService.defaultPort }}</code>
</div>
</div>
</transition>
<transition name="fade">
<div v-if="resolveMessage && !conflictMessage" class="msg-box success">
{{ resolveMessage }}
</div>
</transition>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>端口冲突</strong>一个端口同一时刻只能被一个程序监听如果你看到 <code>EADDRINUSE</code> 错误说明这个端口已经被占了要么杀掉旧进程要么换个端口
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style scoped>
.port-conflict-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.control-panel {
padding: 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
flex-wrap: wrap;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.control-left {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.4rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.panel-label {
font-size: 0.9rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.next-svc {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.next-port {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.control-btns {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
}
.action-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: 600;
transition: opacity 0.2s;
}
.action-btn.secondary {
background: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.action-btn.ghost {
background: transparent;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
}
.visualization-area {
padding: 1rem;
}
.port-list {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.port-list-header {
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.port-count {
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
font-weight: 400;
}
.port-items {
position: relative;
}
.port-item {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.port-item:last-child {
border-bottom: none;
}
.port-dot {
width: 8px;
height: 8px;
border-radius: 50%;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.svc-name {
font-weight: 600;
min-width: 80px;
}
.svc-port {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.82rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.1rem 0.4rem;
border-radius: 3px;
}
.svc-status {
font-size: 0.75rem;
margin-left: auto;
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.kill-btn {
background: none;
border: none;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.85rem;
padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.kill-btn:hover {
color: var(--vp-c-red-1);
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.1);
}
.msg-box {
margin-top: 0.75rem;
padding: 0.75rem;
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.msg-box.error {
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.08);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-red-1);
color: var(--vp-c-red-1);
}
.msg-box.success {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.08);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-green-1);
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
}
.msg-content {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-weight: 600;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.msg-hint {
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
line-height: 1.6;
}
.msg-hint code {
font-size: 0.78rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
}
.info-box {
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.88rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.info-box code {
font-size: 0.82rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
border-radius: 3px;
}
.fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active { transition: opacity 0.3s; }
.fade-enter-from, .fade-leave-to { opacity: 0; }
.list-enter-active, .list-leave-active { transition: all 0.3s ease; }
.list-enter-from { opacity: 0; transform: translateX(-20px); }
.list-leave-to { opacity: 0; transform: translateX(20px); }
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.control-panel {
flex-direction: column;
align-items: flex-start;
}
}
</style>
@@ -0,0 +1,348 @@
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const selectedProblem = ref(0)
const problems = [
{
symptom: '端口被占用',
error: 'Error: listen EADDRINUSE :::3000',
icon: '🔴',
steps: [
{ cmd: 'lsof -i :3000', desc: '查看谁在用这个端口', output: 'COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME\nnode 1234 sanbu 22u IPv6 0t0 TCP *:3000 (LISTEN)' },
{ cmd: 'kill -9 1234', desc: '强制结束该进程(PID 为 1234', output: '(进程已终止)' },
{ cmd: 'npm run dev', desc: '重新启动你的服务', output: '✅ Server running at http://localhost:3000' }
]
},
{
symptom: '拒绝连接',
error: 'ERR_CONNECTION_REFUSED (localhost:8080)',
icon: '🚫',
steps: [
{ cmd: 'curl http://localhost:8080', desc: '确认服务是否真的在运行', output: 'curl: (7) Failed to connect to localhost port 8080: Connection refused' },
{ cmd: 'lsof -i :8080', desc: '检查是否有程序在监听', output: '(没有输出 = 没有程序在监听)' },
{ cmd: 'npm run dev', desc: '启动你的后端服务', output: '✅ API server listening on port 8080' }
]
},
{
symptom: '跨域被拦截',
error: 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin 错误',
icon: '🛡️',
steps: [
{ cmd: '检查前端请求地址', desc: '确认是否从 localhost:5173 请求 localhost:3000', output: '前端 http://localhost:5173 → 后端 http://localhost:3000/api\n不同端口 = 不同源 = 触发跨域策略!' },
{ cmd: '后端添加 CORS 配置', desc: '允许前端域名跨域访问', output: "app.use(cors({ origin: 'http://localhost:5173' }))" },
{ cmd: '或者配置前端代理', desc: '在 vite.config.js 中设置 proxy', output: "server: {\n proxy: {\n '/api': 'http://localhost:3000'\n }\n}" }
]
}
]
const currentProblem = computed(() => problems[selectedProblem.value])
const currentStepIndex = ref(0)
const showingOutput = ref(false)
function selectProblem(i) {
selectedProblem.value = i
currentStepIndex.value = 0
showingOutput.value = false
}
function runStep() {
showingOutput.value = true
}
function nextStep() {
if (currentStepIndex.value < currentProblem.value.steps.length - 1) {
currentStepIndex.value++
showingOutput.value = false
}
}
function resetSteps() {
currentStepIndex.value = 0
showingOutput.value = false
}
</script>
<template>
<div class="port-troubleshoot-demo">
<div class="control-panel">
<span class="panel-label">选择一个常见问题</span>
<div class="problem-tabs">
<button
v-for="(p, i) in problems"
:key="i"
:class="['tab-btn', { active: selectedProblem === i }]"
@click="selectProblem(i)"
>
{{ p.icon }} {{ p.symptom }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<div class="visualization-area">
<div class="error-display">
<span class="error-icon">{{ currentProblem.icon }}</span>
<div class="error-info">
<span class="error-symptom">{{ currentProblem.symptom }}</span>
<code class="error-message">{{ currentProblem.error }}</code>
</div>
</div>
<div class="fix-steps">
<div class="fix-header">
<span>排查步骤 ({{ currentStepIndex + 1 }}/{{ currentProblem.steps.length }})</span>
<button class="reset-btn" @click="resetSteps">重来</button>
</div>
<div class="step-content">
<div class="step-cmd">
<span class="prompt">$</span>
<code>{{ currentProblem.steps[currentStepIndex].cmd }}</code>
</div>
<div class="step-desc">
{{ currentProblem.steps[currentStepIndex].desc }}
</div>
<button v-if="!showingOutput" class="run-btn" @click="runStep">
执行
</button>
<transition name="fade">
<div v-if="showingOutput" class="step-output">
<pre>{{ currentProblem.steps[currentStepIndex].output }}</pre>
</div>
</transition>
<button
v-if="showingOutput && currentStepIndex < currentProblem.steps.length - 1"
class="next-btn"
@click="nextStep"
>
下一步
</button>
<div
v-if="showingOutput && currentStepIndex === currentProblem.steps.length - 1"
class="done-badge"
>
问题解决
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="info-box">
<strong>排查口诀</strong>先确认服务有没有启动lsof / netstat再确认端口对不对最后确认是不是跨域问题90% localhost 问题都逃不出这三步
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style scoped>
.port-troubleshoot-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
overflow: hidden;
margin: 0.5rem 0;
}
.control-panel {
padding: 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.75rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.panel-label {
font-size: 0.9rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.problem-tabs {
display: flex;
gap: 0.4rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.tab-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.7rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 4px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
transition: all 0.2s;
}
.tab-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.visualization-area {
padding: 1rem;
}
.error-display {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.75rem;
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.08);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-red-1);
border-radius: 6px;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.error-icon {
font-size: 1.5rem;
}
.error-info {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.2rem;
}
.error-symptom {
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: var(--vp-c-red-1);
}
.error-message {
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.78rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
border-radius: 3px;
}
.fix-steps {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
overflow: hidden;
}
.fix-header {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-between;
align-items: center;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.85rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.reset-btn {
font-size: 0.75rem;
padding: 0.2rem 0.5rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 3px;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
cursor: pointer;
color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
}
.step-content {
padding: 0.75rem;
}
.step-cmd {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
background: #1e1e2e;
border-radius: 4px;
margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}
.prompt {
color: #10b981;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-weight: 700;
}
.step-cmd code {
color: #cdd6f4;
font-size: 0.82rem;
}
.step-desc {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}
.run-btn, .next-btn {
padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.82rem;
font-weight: 600;
}
.next-btn {
background: var(--vp-c-green-1);
margin-top: 0.5rem;
}
.step-output {
margin-top: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
background: #1e1e2e;
border-radius: 4px;
}
.step-output pre {
color: #a6adc8;
font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
font-size: 0.78rem;
line-height: 1.5;
margin: 0;
white-space: pre-wrap;
word-break: break-all;
}
.done-badge {
margin-top: 0.5rem;
padding: 0.5rem;
text-align: center;
font-weight: 700;
color: var(--vp-c-green-1);
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.info-box {
padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
font-size: 0.88rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
}
.info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active { transition: opacity 0.3s; }
.fade-enter-from, .fade-leave-to { opacity: 0; }
@media (max-width: 640px) {
.control-panel {
flex-direction: column;
align-items: flex-start;
}
}
</style>
+90 -5
View File
@@ -112,6 +112,8 @@ import TransistorDemo from './components/appendix/computer-fundamentals/Transist
import LogicGateDemo from './components/appendix/computer-fundamentals/LogicGateDemo.vue'
import AdderDemo from './components/appendix/computer-fundamentals/AdderDemo.vue'
import CpuArchitectureDemo from './components/appendix/computer-fundamentals/CpuArchitectureDemo.vue'
import RegisterDemo from './components/appendix/computer-fundamentals/RegisterDemo.vue'
import EvolutionFlowDemo from './components/appendix/computer-fundamentals/EvolutionFlowDemo.vue'
import ProcessDemo from './components/appendix/computer-fundamentals/ProcessDemo.vue'
import MemoryDemo from './components/appendix/computer-fundamentals/MemoryDemo.vue'
import FilesystemDemo from './components/appendix/computer-fundamentals/FilesystemDemo.vue'
@@ -216,6 +218,17 @@ import EvolutionJQueryVsStateDemo from './components/appendix/frontend-evolution
import EvolutionRoutingModeDemo from './components/appendix/frontend-evolution/RoutingModeDemo.vue'
import EvolutionRenderingStrategyDemo from './components/appendix/frontend-evolution/RenderingStrategyDemo.vue'
import EvolutionImperativeVsDeclarativeDemo from './components/appendix/frontend-evolution/ImperativeVsDeclarativeDemo.vue'
import FrameworkMotivationDemo from './components/appendix/framework-nature/FrameworkMotivationDemo.vue'
import ReactivityMechanismDemo from './components/appendix/framework-nature/ReactivityMechanismDemo.vue'
import ManualVsAutoSyncDemo from './components/appendix/framework-nature/ManualVsAutoSyncDemo.vue'
import VirtualDomDiffDemo from './components/appendix/framework-nature/VirtualDomDiffDemo.vue'
import FrameworkSpectrumDemo from './components/appendix/framework-nature/FrameworkSpectrumDemo.vue'
import DataUIGapDemo from './components/appendix/framework-nature/DataUIGapDemo.vue'
import DeclarativeFormulaDemo from './components/appendix/framework-nature/DeclarativeFormulaDemo.vue'
import DomOperationCostDemo from './components/appendix/framework-nature/DomOperationCostDemo.vue'
import ComponentTreeDemo from './components/appendix/framework-nature/ComponentTreeDemo.vue'
import WhatIsDomDemo from './components/appendix/framework-nature/WhatIsDomDemo.vue'
import WhyNoAutoSyncDemo from './components/appendix/framework-nature/WhyNoAutoSyncDemo.vue'
import BackendEvolutionDemo from './components/appendix/backend-evolution/BackendEvolutionDemo.vue'
import BackendQuickStartDemo from './components/appendix/backend-evolution/BackendQuickStartDemo.vue'
@@ -554,6 +567,28 @@ import TaskQueueDemo from './components/appendix/js-runtime/TaskQueueDemo.vue'
import MemoryLeakDemo from './components/appendix/js-runtime/MemoryLeakDemo.vue'
import GarbageCollectionDemo from './components/appendix/js-runtime/GarbageCollectionDemo.vue'
// Development Tools Components
import EnvVarOverviewDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/EnvVarOverviewDemo.vue'
import PathSearchDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/PathSearchDemo.vue'
import EnvScopeDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/EnvScopeDemo.vue'
import EnvExportDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/EnvExportDemo.vue'
import ApiKeyDangerDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/ApiKeyDangerDemo.vue'
import DotEnvDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/DotEnvDemo.vue'
import ServerSecretDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/ServerSecretDemo.vue'
// Ports & Localhost Components
import PortAnalogyDemo from './components/appendix/ports-localhost/PortAnalogyDemo.vue'
import LocalhostLoopbackDemo from './components/appendix/ports-localhost/LocalhostLoopbackDemo.vue'
import PortConflictDemo from './components/appendix/ports-localhost/PortConflictDemo.vue'
import CommonPortsDemo from './components/appendix/ports-localhost/CommonPortsDemo.vue'
import DevServerFlowDemo from './components/appendix/ports-localhost/DevServerFlowDemo.vue'
import PortTroubleshootDemo from './components/appendix/ports-localhost/PortTroubleshootDemo.vue'
import PackageManagerOverviewDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/PackageManagerOverviewDemo.vue'
import PackageInstallDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/PackageInstallDemo.vue'
import DependencyTreeDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/DependencyTreeDemo.vue'
import SSHAuthDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/SSHAuthDemo.vue'
import RegexDemo from './components/appendix/development-tools/RegexDemo.vue'
// TypeScript Intro Components
import TypeAnnotationDemo from './components/appendix/typescript-intro/TypeAnnotationDemo.vue'
import InterfaceDemo from './components/appendix/typescript-intro/InterfaceDemo.vue'
@@ -670,6 +705,8 @@ export default {
app.component('LogicGateDemo', LogicGateDemo)
app.component('AdderDemo', AdderDemo)
app.component('CpuArchitectureDemo', CpuArchitectureDemo)
app.component('RegisterDemo', RegisterDemo)
app.component('EvolutionFlowDemo', EvolutionFlowDemo)
app.component('ProcessDemo', ProcessDemo)
app.component('MemoryDemo', MemoryDemo)
app.component('FilesystemDemo', FilesystemDemo)
@@ -689,7 +726,10 @@ export default {
app.component('OSSystemOverviewDemo', OSSystemOverviewDemo)
app.component('ProcessMemoryFilesystemDemo', ProcessMemoryFilesystemDemo)
app.component('DataLifecycleDemo', DataLifecycleDemo)
app.component('EncodingStorageTransmissionDemo', EncodingStorageTransmissionDemo)
app.component(
'EncodingStorageTransmissionDemo',
EncodingStorageTransmissionDemo
)
app.component('NetworkOverviewDemo', NetworkOverviewDemo)
app.component('PhysicalLayerDemo', PhysicalLayerDemo)
app.component('DataLinkLayerDemo', DataLinkLayerDemo)
@@ -707,7 +747,10 @@ export default {
app.component('LanguageEvolutionDemo', LanguageEvolutionDemo)
app.component('ProgrammingParadigmDemo', ProgrammingParadigmDemo)
app.component('LanguageScenarioDemo', LanguageScenarioDemo)
app.component('ProgrammingLanguageComparisonDemo', ProgrammingLanguageComparisonDemo)
app.component(
'ProgrammingLanguageComparisonDemo',
ProgrammingLanguageComparisonDemo
)
app.component('CompilerAnalogyDemo', CompilerAnalogyDemo)
app.component('SearchAlgorithmDemo', SearchAlgorithmDemo)
app.component('SortingAlgorithmDemo', SortingAlgorithmDemo)
@@ -768,6 +811,17 @@ export default {
app.component('ImperativeVsDeclarativeDemo', ImperativeVsDeclarativeDemo)
app.component('ComponentReusabilityDemo', ComponentReusabilityDemo)
app.component('FrameworkMotivationDemo', FrameworkMotivationDemo)
app.component('ManualVsAutoSyncDemo', ManualVsAutoSyncDemo)
app.component('ReactivityMechanismDemo', ReactivityMechanismDemo)
app.component('VirtualDomDiffDemo', VirtualDomDiffDemo)
app.component('FrameworkSpectrumDemo', FrameworkSpectrumDemo)
app.component('DataUIGapDemo', DataUIGapDemo)
app.component('DeclarativeFormulaDemo', DeclarativeFormulaDemo)
app.component('DomOperationCostDemo', DomOperationCostDemo)
app.component('ComponentTreeDemo', ComponentTreeDemo)
app.component('WhatIsDomDemo', WhatIsDomDemo)
app.component('WhyNoAutoSyncDemo', WhyNoAutoSyncDemo)
app.component('BackendEvolutionDemo', BackendEvolutionDemo)
app.component('BackendQuickStartDemo', BackendQuickStartDemo)
@@ -943,7 +997,10 @@ export default {
// Backend Languages Components Registration
app.component('BackendLanguagesDemo', BackendLanguagesDemo)
app.component('ProgrammingLanguageComparisonDemo', ProgrammingLanguageComparisonDemo)
app.component(
'ProgrammingLanguageComparisonDemo',
ProgrammingLanguageComparisonDemo
)
app.component('PerformanceBenchmarkDemo', PerformanceBenchmarkDemo)
app.component('SyntaxComparisonDemo', SyntaxComparisonDemo)
app.component('ConcurrencyModelDemo', ConcurrencyModelDemo)
@@ -966,7 +1023,10 @@ export default {
app.component('ComponentHierarchyDemo', ComponentHierarchyDemo)
app.component('PropsFlowDemo', PropsFlowDemo)
app.component('EventBusDemo', EventBusDemo)
app.component('StateManagementComparisonDemo', StateManagementComparisonDemo)
app.component(
'StateManagementComparisonDemo',
StateManagementComparisonDemo
)
app.component('ReduxFlowDemo', ReduxFlowDemo)
app.component('VuexPiniaDemo', VuexPiniaDemo)
app.component('MobxReactivityDemo', MobxReactivityDemo)
@@ -1061,7 +1121,10 @@ export default {
app.component('CacheArchitectureOverview', CacheArchitectureOverview)
app.component('CacheHierarchyDemo', CacheHierarchyDemo)
app.component('CachePatternComparisonDemo', CachePatternComparisonDemo)
app.component('EcommerceCacheArchitectureDemo', EcommerceCacheArchitectureDemo)
app.component(
'EcommerceCacheArchitectureDemo',
EcommerceCacheArchitectureDemo
)
app.component('CacheMonitoringDashboardDemo', CacheMonitoringDashboardDemo)
// Cloud Storage CDN Extra Components Registration
@@ -1115,6 +1178,28 @@ export default {
app.component('MemoryLeakDemo', MemoryLeakDemo)
app.component('GarbageCollectionDemo', GarbageCollectionDemo)
// Development Tools Components Registration
app.component('EnvVarOverviewDemo', EnvVarOverviewDemo)
app.component('PathSearchDemo', PathSearchDemo)
app.component('EnvScopeDemo', EnvScopeDemo)
app.component('EnvExportDemo', EnvExportDemo)
app.component('ApiKeyDangerDemo', ApiKeyDangerDemo)
app.component('DotEnvDemo', DotEnvDemo)
app.component('ServerSecretDemo', ServerSecretDemo)
// Ports & Localhost Components Registration
app.component('PortAnalogyDemo', PortAnalogyDemo)
app.component('LocalhostLoopbackDemo', LocalhostLoopbackDemo)
app.component('PortConflictDemo', PortConflictDemo)
app.component('CommonPortsDemo', CommonPortsDemo)
app.component('DevServerFlowDemo', DevServerFlowDemo)
app.component('PortTroubleshootDemo', PortTroubleshootDemo)
app.component('PackageManagerOverviewDemo', PackageManagerOverviewDemo)
app.component('PackageInstallDemo', PackageInstallDemo)
app.component('DependencyTreeDemo', DependencyTreeDemo)
app.component('SSHAuthDemo', SSHAuthDemo)
app.component('RegexDemo', RegexDemo)
// TypeScript Intro Components Registration
app.component('TypeAnnotationDemo', TypeAnnotationDemo)
app.component('InterfaceDemo', InterfaceDemo)
+12
View File
@@ -405,3 +405,15 @@
position: absolute;
will-change: top;
}
/* Unified demo info-box label alignment */
.vp-doc .info-box {
display: flex;
gap: 0.25rem;
align-items: flex-start;
}
.vp-doc .info-box strong {
white-space: nowrap;
flex-shrink: 0;
}