feat: add 30 interactive components for computer fundamentals section

Added comprehensive interactive demos covering:
- Operating systems (2): OS overview, process/memory/filesystem
- Data encoding (2): data lifecycle, encoding/storage/transmission
- Network basics (5): overview, physical/data-link/transport/application layers
- Data structures (5): overview, linear structures, hash table, tree, selector
- Algorithms (4): overview, recursion, greedy thinking, paradigms
- Programming languages (5): evolution, paradigms, scenarios, comparison, type models
- Compilers (2): analogy, practice demo
- Additional (5): search/sort algorithms, network principles, encoding basics, storage hierarchy, graph structures

Also updated component registration in theme index.js and fixed minor formatting issues in related docs.
This commit is contained in:
sanbuphy
2026-02-20 21:59:52 +08:00
parent 0e8618f902
commit ec9d52033f
39 changed files with 13733 additions and 43 deletions
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<template>
<div class="greedy-thinking-demo">
<div class="demo-header">
<span class="icon">🎯</span>
<span class="title">贪心算法每步都选当前最优</span>
<span class="subtitle">局部最优 全局最优?</span>
</div>
<div class="core-idea">
<div class="idea-box">
<div class="idea-icon">💡</div>
<div class="idea-text">
贪心算法在每一步选择中都采取当前状态下<strong>最优</strong>的选择<br>
希望通过一系列局部最优选择达到<strong>全局最优</strong>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="scenario-selector">
<div class="selector-title">经典问题</div>
<div class="scenario-buttons">
<button
v-for="scenario in scenarios"
:key="scenario.id"
:class="['scenario-btn', { active: activeScenario === scenario.id }]"
@click="activeScenario = scenario.id"
>
{{ scenario.icon }} {{ scenario.name }}
</button>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 找零钱问题 -->
<div v-if="activeScenario === 'change'" class="scenario-content">
<div class="content-title">找零钱问题</div>
<div class="change-demo">
<div class="change-amount">
需要找零<span class="amount">{{ changeAmount }}</span>
</div>
<div class="change-process">
<div class="process-step" v-for="(step, index) in changeSteps" :key="index">
<div class="step-coin">{{ step.coin }}</div>
<div class="step-text">× {{ step.count }} = {{ step.value }}</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="change-result">
共需要 <strong>{{ totalCoins }}</strong> 个硬币
</div>
</div>
<div class="scenario-note">
贪心策略每次选择面值最大的硬币<br>
适用于人民币美元等货币系统
</div>
</div>
<!-- 活动选择问题 -->
<div v-if="activeScenario === 'activity'" class="scenario-content">
<div class="content-title">活动选择问题</div>
<div class="activity-demo">
<div class="activities-list">
<div
v-for="(activity, index) in activities"
:key="index"
:class="['activity-item', { selected: activity.selected, conflicting: activity.conflicting }]"
>
<div class="activity-time">{{ activity.start }} - {{ activity.end }}</div>
<div class="activity-name">{{ activity.name }}</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="activity-rule">
贪心策略<strong>选择最早结束</strong>的活动
</div>
<div class="activity-result">
最多可以参加 <strong>{{ selectedCount }}</strong> 个活动
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 最短路径 -->
<div v-if="activeScenario === 'shortest'" class="scenario-content">
<div class="content-title">最短路径问题 (Dijkstra)</div>
<div class="shortest-demo">
<div class="path-graph">
<div class="graph-nodes">
<div class="node start">A(起点)</div>
<div class="node">B</div>
<div class="node">C</div>
<div class="node">D</div>
<div class="node end">E(终点)</div>
</div>
<div class="graph-edges">
<div class="edge">A-B: 4</div>
<div class="edge">A-C: 2</div>
<div class="edge">B-D: 3</div>
<div class="edge">C-D: 1</div>
<div class="edge">C-E: 5</div>
<div class="edge">D-E: 2</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="path-result">
<div class="result-step"> A 出发选择距离最近的节点</div>
<div class="result-path">A C D E</div>
<div class="result-distance">总距离2 + 1 + 2 = 5</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 贪心 vs 动态规划 -->
<div class="comparison">
<div class="comparison-title">贪心 vs 动态规划</div>
<div class="comparison-table">
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>特点</th>
<th>贪心算法</th>
<th>动态规划</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>决策方式</td>
<td>每步选当前最优</td>
<td>考虑所有可能选最优</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>最优性</td>
<td>可能不是全局最优</td>
<td>保证全局最优</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>时间复杂度</td>
<td>O(n) O(n log n)</td>
<td>O() 或更高</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>适用场景</td>
<td>局部最优 全局最优</td>
<td>重叠子问题</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<!-- 优缺点 -->
<div class="pros-cons">
<div class="pros-column">
<div class="column-title"> 优点</div>
<ul>
<li>实现简单</li>
<li>效率高</li>
<li>空间复杂度低</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="cons-column">
<div class="column-title"> 缺点</div>
<ul>
<li>不保证全局最优</li>
<li>适用范围有限</li>
<li>需要证明最优性</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, computed } from 'vue'
const activeScenario = ref('change')
const scenarios = [
{ id: 'change', name: '找零钱', icon: '💰' },
{ id: 'activity', name: '活动选择', icon: '📅' },
{ id: 'shortest', name: '最短路径', icon: '🗺️' }
]
const changeAmount = ref(37)
const changeSteps = [
{ coin: '20元', count: 1, value: 20 },
{ coin: '10元', count: 1, value: 10 },
{ coin: '5元', count: 1, value: 5 },
{ coin: '1元', count: 2, value: 2 }
]
const totalCoins = computed(() => changeSteps.reduce((sum, step) => sum + step.count, 0))
const activities = [
{ start: '9:00', end: '10:00', name: '活动1', selected: true, conflicting: false },
{ start: '9:30', end: '11:30', name: '活动2', selected: false, conflicting: true },
{ start: '10:00', end: '11:00', name: '活动3', selected: true, conflicting: false },
{ start: '10:30', end: '12:00', name: '活动4', selected: false, conflicting: true },
{ start: '11:00', end: '12:00', name: '活动5', selected: true, conflicting: false }
]
const selectedCount = computed(() => activities.filter(a => a.selected).length)
</script>
<style scoped>
.greedy-thinking-demo {
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border-radius: 12px;
padding: 1.5rem;
margin: 1.5rem 0;
}
.demo-header {
display: flex;
align-items: center;
gap: 0.5rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.demo-header .icon { font-size: 1.5rem; }
.demo-header .title { font-weight: 700; font-size: 1.1rem; }
.demo-header .subtitle { color: var(--vp-c-text-2); font-size: 0.9rem; }
.core-idea {
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.idea-box {
display: flex;
gap: 1rem;
padding: 1.25rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border-left: 4px solid var(--vp-c-brand);
border-radius: 6px;
}
.idea-icon {
font-size: 2rem;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.idea-text {
font-size: 0.95rem;
line-height: 1.8;
}
.scenario-selector {
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.selector-title {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.scenario-buttons {
display: flex;
gap: 0.75rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.scenario-btn {
padding: 0.6rem 1rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 2px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
cursor: pointer;
font-size: 0.9rem;
transition: all 0.3s;
}
.scenario-btn:hover {
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.scenario-btn.active {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
}
.scenario-content {
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 8px;
padding: 1.5rem;
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.content-title {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
text-align: center;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.change-demo {
text-align: center;
}
.change-amount {
font-size: 1.1rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.amount {
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
font-weight: 700;
font-size: 1.3rem;
}
.change-process {
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
gap: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.process-step {
text-align: center;
padding: 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
}
.step-coin {
font-size: 1.2rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
}
.step-text {
font-size: 0.85rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.change-result {
font-size: 1rem;
padding: 0.75rem;
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
border: 1px solid #10b981;
border-radius: 6px;
}
.scenario-note {
margin-top: 1rem;
padding: 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
line-height: 1.6;
}
.activities-list {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.75rem;
margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}
.activity-item {
display: flex;
gap: 1rem;
padding: 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
}
.activity-item.selected {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
border-color: #10b981;
}
.activity-item.conflicting {
opacity: 0.5;
}
.activity-time {
font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
font-weight: 600;
flex-shrink: 0;
}
.activity-name {
flex: 1;
}
.activity-rule {
text-align: center;
padding: 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border-radius: 6px;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
font-size: 0.9rem;
}
.activity-result {
text-align: center;
font-size: 1rem;
}
.shortest-demo {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 2rem;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.shortest-demo {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
.path-graph {
background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
border-radius: 6px;
padding: 1rem;
}
.graph-nodes {
display: flex;
justify-content: space-around;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.node {
padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
background: var(--vp-c-bg);
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
border-radius: 6px;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.node.start {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
border-color: #10b981;
font-weight: 600;
}
.node.end {
background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.1);
border-color: #3b82f6;
font-weight: 600;
}
.graph-edges {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.5rem;
}
.edge {
font-size: 0.8rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
text-align: center;
}
.path-result {
display: flex;
flex-direction: column;
gap: 0.75rem;
}
.result-step {
font-size: 0.9rem;
color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
}
.result-path {
font-size: 1.1rem;
font-weight: 600;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
text-align: center;
}
.result-distance {
text-align: center;
font-size: 0.95rem;
}
.comparison {
margin-bottom: 2rem;
}
.comparison-title {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
color: var(--vp-c-brand);
}
.comparison-table table {
width: 100%;
border-collapse: collapse;
}
.comparison-table th {
background: var(--vp-c-brand);
color: white;
padding: 0.75rem;
text-align: center;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.comparison-table td {
padding: 0.75rem;
border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
text-align: center;
font-size: 0.85rem;
}
.pros-cons {
display: grid;
grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
gap: 1.5rem;
}
@media (max-width: 768px) {
.pros-cons {
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
}
}
.pros-column,
.cons-column {
padding: 1.25rem;
border-radius: 8px;
}
.pros-column {
background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
border: 1px solid #10b981;
}
.cons-column {
background: rgba(239, 68, 68, 0.1);
border: 1px solid #ef4444;
}
.column-title {
font-weight: 600;
font-size: 1rem;
margin-bottom: 1rem;
}
.pros-column ul,
.cons-column ul {
margin: 0;
padding-left: 1.25rem;
}
.pros-column li,
.cons-column li {
font-size: 0.9rem;
line-height: 1.8;
}
</style>