sanbuphy
1062e2e16f
- 重构 api-intro 7 个 Vue 组件为更紧凑的左右布局 - 重构 api-design 相关组件 - 重构 transistor-to-cpu 相关组件 - 统一使用 demo-root -> demo-header -> demo-layout -> info-box 结构 - 扩写文章内容为 MIT 讲义风格
530 lines
11 KiB
Vue
530 lines
11 KiB
Vue
<template>
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<div class="compiler-analogy-demo">
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<div class="demo-header">
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<span class="title">编译原理：翻译的艺术</span>
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<span class="subtitle">如何把代码翻译成机器指令</span>
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</div>
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<div class="analogy-intro">
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<div class="analogy-box">
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<div class="analogy-text">
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编译器就像<strong>翻译官</strong>，把人类能懂的代码翻译成机器能懂的指令
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- 翻译过程 -->
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<div class="translation-process">
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<div class="process-title">代码翻译的完整流程</div>
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<div class="process-flow">
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<div
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v-for="(step, index) in translationSteps"
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:key="index"
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class="process-step"
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>
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<div class="step-number">{{ index + 1 }}</div>
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<div class="step-content">
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<div class="step-name">{{ step.name }}</div>
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<div class="step-desc">{{ step.desc }}</div>
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<div class="step-example">{{ step.example }}</div>
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</div>
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<div v-if="index < translationSteps.length - 1" class="step-arrow">
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→
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- 词法分析 -->
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<div class="analyzer-section">
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<div class="analyzer-title">词法分析：分词</div>
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<div class="lexical-demo">
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<div class="source-code">
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<code>int age = 25;</code>
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</div>
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<div class="token-arrow">↓</div>
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<div class="tokens-list">
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<div v-for="(token, index) in tokens" :key="index" class="token-item">
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<span class="token-type">{{ token.type }}</span>
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<span class="token-value">{{ token.value }}</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- 语法分析 -->
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<div class="analyzer-section">
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<div class="analyzer-title">语法分析：构建树</div>
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<div class="syntax-demo">
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<div class="syntax-tree">
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<div class="tree-node root">
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<span class="node-label">赋值语句</span>
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<div class="node-children">
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<div class="tree-node">
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<span class="node-label">变量</span>
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<span class="node-value">age</span>
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</div>
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<div class="tree-node">
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<span class="node-label">运算符</span>
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<span class="node-value">=</span>
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</div>
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<div class="tree-node">
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<span class="node-label">数字</span>
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<span class="node-value">25</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- 编译 vs 解释 -->
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<div class="comparison">
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<div class="comparison-title">编译 vs 解释</div>
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<div class="comparison-box">
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<div class="compare-side compile">
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<div class="side-header">编译型语言</div>
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<div class="side-content">
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<div class="side-step">源代码 → 编译器 → 机器码</div>
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<div class="side-example">C, Go, Rust</div>
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<div class="side-features">
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<div class="feature">✓ 执行快</div>
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<div class="feature">✓ 一次编译多次运行</div>
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<div class="feature">✗ 编译慢</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="compare-side interpret">
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<div class="side-header">解释型语言</div>
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<div class="side-content">
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<div class="side-step">源代码 → 解释器 → 逐行执行</div>
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<div class="side-example">Python, JavaScript, PHP</div>
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<div class="side-features">
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<div class="feature">✓ 开发快</div>
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<div class="feature">✓ 跨平台</div>
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<div class="feature">✗ 执行慢</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<!-- 优化 -->
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<div class="optimization">
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<div class="optimization-title">编译器优化</div>
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<div class="optimization-content">
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<div class="opt-examples">
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<div class="opt-item">
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<div class="opt-before">优化前：</div>
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<div class="opt-code">x = 5 + 3 + 2</div>
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</div>
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<div class="opt-arrow">⬇️</div>
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<div class="opt-item">
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<div class="opt-after">优化后：</div>
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<div class="opt-code">x = 10</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="opt-note">编译器会自动优化代码，提高运行效率</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</template>
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<script setup>
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import { ref } from 'vue'
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const translationSteps = [
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{
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name: '词法分析',
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desc: '将代码分解成一个个单词（token）',
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example: 'int age = 25 → [int, age, =, 25]'
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},
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{
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name: '语法分析',
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desc: '检查代码是否符合语法规则，构建语法树',
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example: '验证语句结构是否正确'
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},
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{
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name: '语义分析',
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desc: '检查代码的含义是否合理',
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example: '检查变量是否定义、类型是否匹配'
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},
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{
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name: '中间代码生成',
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desc: '生成与机器无关的中间表示',
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example: '生成字节码或中间表示'
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},
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{
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name: '优化',
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desc: '改进代码，提高执行效率',
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example: '常量折叠、死代码消除'
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},
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{
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name: '目标代码生成',
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desc: '生成机器码或目标代码',
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example: '生成 x86、ARM 等机器指令'
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}
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]
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const tokens = [
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{ type: '关键字', value: 'int' },
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{ type: '标识符', value: 'age' },
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{ type: '运算符', value: '=' },
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{ type: '数字', value: '25' },
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{ type: '分隔符', value: ';' }
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]
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</script>
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<style scoped>
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.compiler-analogy-demo {
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
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border-radius: 12px;
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padding: 1.5rem;
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margin: 1.5rem 0;
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}
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.demo-header {
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display: flex;
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align-items: center;
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gap: 0.5rem;
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margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
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}
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.demo-header .title {
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font-weight: 700;
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font-size: 1.1rem;
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}
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.demo-header .subtitle {
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color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
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font-size: 0.9rem;
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}
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.analogy-intro {
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margin-bottom: 2rem;
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}
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.analogy-box {
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padding: 1rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border-left: 4px solid var(--vp-c-brand);
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border-radius: 6px;
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}
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.analogy-text {
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font-size: 0.95rem;
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line-height: 1.6;
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}
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.translation-process {
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margin-bottom: 2rem;
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}
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.process-title {
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font-weight: 600;
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font-size: 1rem;
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margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
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text-align: center;
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color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.process-flow {
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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gap: 1rem;
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}
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.process-step {
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display: flex;
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align-items: center;
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gap: 1rem;
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padding: 1rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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border-radius: 8px;
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}
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.step-number {
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display: flex;
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align-items: center;
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justify-content: center;
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width: 32px;
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height: 32px;
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background: var(--vp-c-brand);
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color: white;
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border-radius: 50%;
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font-size: 0.9rem;
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font-weight: 600;
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flex-shrink: 0;
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}
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.step-content {
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flex: 1;
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}
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.step-name {
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font-weight: 600;
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font-size: 0.95rem;
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margin-bottom: 0.35rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.step-desc {
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font-size: 0.85rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
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margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
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}
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.step-example {
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font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
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font-size: 0.8rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
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background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
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padding: 0.5rem;
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border-radius: 4px;
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}
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.step-arrow {
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font-size: 1.5rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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flex-shrink: 0;
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}
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.analyzer-section {
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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border-radius: 8px;
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padding: 1.5rem;
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margin-bottom: 2rem;
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}
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.analyzer-title {
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font-weight: 600;
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font-size: 1rem;
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margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.lexical-demo {
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text-align: center;
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}
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.source-code {
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padding: 1rem;
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background: #1e1e1e;
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border-radius: 6px;
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margin-bottom: 1rem;
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}
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.source-code code {
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color: #d4d4d4;
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font-size: 1rem;
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}
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.token-arrow {
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font-size: 1.5rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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margin-bottom: 1rem;
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}
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.tokens-list {
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display: flex;
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flex-wrap: wrap;
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gap: 1rem;
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justify-content: center;
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}
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.token-item {
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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gap: 0.35rem;
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padding: 0.75rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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border-radius: 6px;
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min-width: 100px;
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}
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.token-type {
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font-size: 0.75rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
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}
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.token-value {
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font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
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font-size: 0.9rem;
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font-weight: 600;
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color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.syntax-demo {
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display: flex;
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justify-content: center;
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}
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.syntax-tree {
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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gap: 0.75rem;
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}
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.tree-node {
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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gap: 0.5rem;
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padding: 0.75rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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border-radius: 6px;
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}
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.tree-node.root {
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background: var(--vp-c-brand-soft);
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border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.node-label {
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font-size: 0.85rem;
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font-weight: 600;
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}
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.node-value {
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font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
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font-size: 0.8rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.node-children {
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display: flex;
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gap: 0.5rem;
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margin-left: 1rem;
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}
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.comparison {
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margin-bottom: 2rem;
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}
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.comparison-title {
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font-weight: 600;
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font-size: 1rem;
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margin-bottom: 1rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.comparison-box {
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display: grid;
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grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
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gap: 2rem;
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}
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@media (max-width: 768px) {
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.comparison-box {
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grid-template-columns: 1fr;
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}
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}
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.compare-side {
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padding: 1.5rem;
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border-radius: 8px;
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}
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.side-header {
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font-weight: 600;
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font-size: 1rem;
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margin-bottom: 1rem;
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text-align: center;
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}
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.compile .side-header {
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color: #10b981;
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}
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.interpret .side-header {
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color: #3b82f6;
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}
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.side-step {
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text-align: center;
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padding: 0.75rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
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border-radius: 6px;
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margin-bottom: 1rem;
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font-size: 0.9rem;
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}
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.side-example {
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text-align: center;
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margin-bottom: 1rem;
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font-size: 0.85rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
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}
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.side-features {
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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gap: 0.5rem;
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}
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.feature {
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font-size: 0.85rem;
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padding: 0.5rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border-radius: 4px;
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}
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.optimization {
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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border-radius: 8px;
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padding: 1.5rem;
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}
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.optimization-title {
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font-weight: 600;
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font-size: 1rem;
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margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.optimization-content {
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text-align: center;
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}
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.opt-examples {
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display: flex;
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align-items: center;
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justify-content: center;
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gap: 2rem;
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margin-bottom: 1rem;
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}
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.opt-item {
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text-align: center;
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}
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.opt-before,
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.opt-after {
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font-size: 0.85rem;
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margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
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}
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.opt-code {
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font-family: 'Courier New', monospace;
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padding: 0.75rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
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border-radius: 6px;
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font-size: 0.9rem;
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}
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.opt-arrow {
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font-size: 1.5rem;
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}
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.opt-note {
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font-size: 0.85rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
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font-style: italic;
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}
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</style>
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