sanbuphy
6098908eee
- Add Vue components for interactive demos (SSH auth, regex, env vars, ports) - Complete markdown content for SSH, regex, environment variables, and ports - Remove placeholder "待实现" sections and replace with detailed guides - Add visual explanations for key concepts like ports and localhost - Include practical examples and troubleshooting tips - Add component for showing evolution from transistors to CPU - Improve documentation structure and navigation - Add security best practices for API keys and environment variables
453 lines
10 KiB
Vue
453 lines
10 KiB
Vue
<script setup>
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import { ref, reactive } from 'vue'
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const requestUrl = ref('http://localhost:3000/api/hello')
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const isRequesting = ref(false)
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const requestStep = ref(0)
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const responseText = ref('')
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const steps = [
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{ label: '浏览器', desc: '你在地址栏输入 URL', icon: '🌐' },
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{ label: 'DNS 解析', desc: 'localhost → 127.0.0.1（不出网）', icon: '📖' },
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{ label: '网络层', desc: '数据包发往 127.0.0.1（环回接口）', icon: '🔄' },
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{ label: '本机服务', desc: '端口 3000 上的程序接收请求', icon: '⚙️' },
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{ label: '返回响应', desc: '{ "message": "Hello!" }', icon: '📨' }
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]
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const aliases = reactive([
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{ name: 'localhost', ip: '127.0.0.1', desc: '标准域名别名', active: false },
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{ name: '127.0.0.1', ip: '127.0.0.1', desc: 'IPv4 环回地址', active: false },
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{ name: '::1', ip: '::1', desc: 'IPv6 环回地址', active: false },
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{ name: '0.0.0.0', ip: '0.0.0.0', desc: '监听所有网卡', active: false }
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])
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const selectedAlias = ref(0)
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async function simulateRequest() {
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if (isRequesting.value) return
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isRequesting.value = true
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requestStep.value = 0
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responseText.value = ''
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for (let i = 0; i < steps.length; i++) {
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requestStep.value = i + 1
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await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 700))
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}
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responseText.value = '{ "message": "Hello from localhost!" }'
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await new Promise(r => setTimeout(r, 500))
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isRequesting.value = false
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}
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function selectAlias(index) {
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selectedAlias.value = index
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aliases.forEach((a, i) => { a.active = i === index })
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}
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</script>
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<template>
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<div class="localhost-demo">
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<div class="control-panel">
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<div class="url-bar">
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<span class="url-icon">🔗</span>
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<input
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v-model="requestUrl"
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type="text"
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class="url-input"
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readonly
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>
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<button
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class="action-btn"
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:disabled="isRequesting"
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@click="simulateRequest"
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>
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{{ isRequesting ? '请求中...' : '发送请求' }}
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</button>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="visualization-area">
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<div class="flow-container">
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<div
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v-for="(step, i) in steps"
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:key="i"
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:class="['flow-step', {
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active: requestStep > i,
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current: requestStep === i + 1
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}]"
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>
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<div class="step-icon">{{ step.icon }}</div>
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<div class="step-info">
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<span class="step-label">{{ step.label }}</span>
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<span class="step-desc">{{ step.desc }}</span>
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</div>
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<div v-if="i < steps.length - 1" :class="['step-arrow', { active: requestStep > i }]">→</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<transition name="fade">
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<div v-if="responseText" class="response-box">
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<span class="response-label">响应结果：</span>
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<code>{{ responseText }}</code>
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</div>
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</transition>
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<div class="loopback-explain">
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<div class="loopback-diagram">
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<div class="loopback-node app">
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<span>你的应用</span>
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<span class="small">（浏览器）</span>
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</div>
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<div class="loopback-arrow">
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<span class="arrow-text">请求不离开本机</span>
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<svg width="80" height="60" viewBox="0 0 80 60">
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<path d="M10 10 Q40 55 70 10" stroke="var(--vp-c-brand)" stroke-width="2" fill="none" marker-end="url(#arrowhead)" />
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<defs>
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<marker id="arrowhead" markerWidth="6" markerHeight="4" refX="5" refY="2" orient="auto">
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<polygon points="0 0, 6 2, 0 4" fill="var(--vp-c-brand)" />
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</marker>
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</defs>
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</svg>
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</div>
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<div class="loopback-node server">
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<span>本地服务</span>
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<span class="small">（:3000）</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="alias-section">
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<div class="alias-title">localhost 的"马甲"们（点击查看说明）</div>
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<div class="alias-grid">
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<div
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v-for="(alias, i) in aliases"
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:key="i"
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:class="['alias-card', { active: selectedAlias === i }]"
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@click="selectAlias(i)"
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>
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<code class="alias-name">{{ alias.name }}</code>
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<span class="alias-ip">→ {{ alias.ip }}</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="alias-desc">
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{{ aliases[selectedAlias].desc }}：
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<template v-if="selectedAlias === 0">
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这是写在你电脑 <code>/etc/hosts</code> 文件里的映射。浏览器看到 <code>localhost</code> 时，直接解析为 <code>127.0.0.1</code>，不会去问 DNS 服务器。
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</template>
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<template v-else-if="selectedAlias === 1">
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<code>127.0.0.1</code> 是 IPv4 的"环回地址"。发到这个地址的数据包永远不会离开本机，操作系统直接在内部把它"折返"回来。
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</template>
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<template v-else-if="selectedAlias === 2">
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<code>::1</code> 是 IPv6 版本的环回地址，功能和 <code>127.0.0.1</code> 完全一样，只不过是 IPv6 格式。
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</template>
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<template v-else>
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<code>0.0.0.0</code> 不是"某一个地址"，而是"所有地址"。当服务监听 <code>0.0.0.0:3000</code> 时，意味着无论从哪个网卡（包括局域网 IP 和 127.0.0.1）都能访问。
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</template>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="info-box">
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<strong>核心概念：</strong>localhost 就是"自己找自己"。数据包通过环回接口（loopback interface）在本机内部折返，不经过网线、不经过路由器，速度极快且完全安全。
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</div>
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</div>
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</template>
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<style scoped>
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.localhost-demo {
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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border-radius: 6px;
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background-color: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
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overflow: hidden;
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margin: 0.5rem 0;
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}
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.control-panel {
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padding: 1rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border-bottom: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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}
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.url-bar {
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display: flex;
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align-items: center;
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gap: 0.5rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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border-radius: 6px;
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padding: 0.4rem 0.6rem;
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}
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.url-icon { font-size: 1rem; }
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.url-input {
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flex: 1;
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border: none;
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background: transparent;
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font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
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font-size: 0.85rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-1);
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outline: none;
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}
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.action-btn {
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padding: 0.35rem 0.75rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-brand);
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color: white;
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border: none;
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border-radius: 4px;
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cursor: pointer;
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font-size: 0.85rem;
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font-weight: 600;
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white-space: nowrap;
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transition: opacity 0.2s;
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}
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.action-btn:disabled {
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opacity: 0.6;
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cursor: not-allowed;
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}
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.visualization-area {
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padding: 1rem;
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}
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.flow-container {
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display: flex;
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align-items: stretch;
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gap: 0;
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overflow-x: auto;
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padding-bottom: 0.5rem;
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}
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.flow-step {
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display: flex;
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align-items: center;
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gap: 0.4rem;
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padding: 0.5rem 0.6rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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border-radius: 6px;
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opacity: 0.4;
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transition: all 0.3s;
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flex-shrink: 0;
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}
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.flow-step.active {
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opacity: 1;
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}
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.flow-step.current {
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opacity: 1;
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border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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box-shadow: 0 0 8px rgba(100, 108, 255, 0.3);
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}
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.step-icon { font-size: 1.2rem; }
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.step-info {
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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}
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.step-label {
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font-weight: 600;
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font-size: 0.82rem;
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}
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.step-desc {
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font-size: 0.72rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
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}
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.step-arrow {
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font-size: 1.2rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-divider);
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transition: color 0.3s;
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margin: 0 0.1rem;
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flex-shrink: 0;
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}
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.step-arrow.active {
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color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.response-box {
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margin-top: 0.75rem;
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padding: 0.6rem 0.75rem;
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background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.1);
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-green-1);
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border-radius: 6px;
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font-size: 0.85rem;
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}
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.response-label {
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font-weight: 600;
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margin-right: 0.5rem;
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}
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.response-box code {
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font-family: var(--vp-font-family-mono);
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font-size: 0.82rem;
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}
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.loopback-explain {
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margin-top: 1rem;
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padding: 1rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border-radius: 6px;
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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}
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.loopback-diagram {
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display: flex;
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align-items: center;
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justify-content: center;
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gap: 0.5rem;
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}
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.loopback-node {
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padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
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border-radius: 8px;
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text-align: center;
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font-weight: 600;
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font-size: 0.88rem;
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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gap: 0.15rem;
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}
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.loopback-node .small {
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font-size: 0.72rem;
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font-weight: 400;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
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}
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.loopback-node.app {
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background: rgba(59, 130, 246, 0.15);
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border: 1px solid #3b82f6;
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color: #3b82f6;
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}
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.loopback-node.server {
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background: rgba(16, 185, 129, 0.15);
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border: 1px solid #10b981;
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color: #10b981;
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}
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.loopback-arrow {
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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align-items: center;
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}
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.arrow-text {
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font-size: 0.72rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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font-weight: 500;
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}
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.alias-section {
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padding: 1rem;
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border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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}
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.alias-title {
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font-weight: 600;
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font-size: 0.9rem;
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margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
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}
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.alias-grid {
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display: grid;
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grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
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gap: 0.5rem;
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margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
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}
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.alias-card {
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padding: 0.5rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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border-radius: 6px;
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text-align: center;
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cursor: pointer;
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transition: all 0.2s;
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}
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.alias-card:hover {
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border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.alias-card.active {
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border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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background: rgba(100, 108, 255, 0.08);
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}
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.alias-name {
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display: block;
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font-size: 0.82rem;
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font-weight: 600;
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}
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.alias-ip {
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font-size: 0.72rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
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}
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.alias-desc {
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font-size: 0.85rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
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padding: 0.6rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border-radius: 6px;
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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line-height: 1.6;
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}
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.alias-desc code {
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font-size: 0.8rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg-alt);
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padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
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border-radius: 3px;
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}
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.info-box {
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padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border-top: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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font-size: 0.88rem;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
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display: flex;
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gap: 0.25rem;
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}
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.info-box strong {
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white-space: nowrap;
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flex-shrink: 0;
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}
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.fade-enter-active, .fade-leave-active {
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transition: opacity 0.3s;
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}
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.fade-enter-from, .fade-leave-to {
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opacity: 0;
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}
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@media (max-width: 640px) {
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.alias-grid {
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grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
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}
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.flow-container {
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flex-wrap: wrap;
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gap: 0.25rem;
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}
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.step-arrow {
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display: none;
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}
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.loopback-diagram {
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flex-direction: column;
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}
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}
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</style>
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