sanbuphy
d35211071a
- standardize border-radius from 8px to 6px for consistent styling - adjust padding values from 1rem to 0.75rem for better visual hierarchy - remove redundant overflow-y properties for cleaner code
568 lines
12 KiB
Vue
568 lines
12 KiB
Vue
<!--
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MelSpectrogramDemo.vue
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梅尔频谱图交互演示组件
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用途：
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让用户直观理解音频如何从波形转换为梅尔频谱图，以及梅尔刻度的原理。
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交互功能：
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- 选择不同音频类型（语音/音乐/噪声）
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- 实时查看波形和频谱对比
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- 调整 FFT 参数观察变化
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- 理解梅尔刻度 vs 线性刻度
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-->
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<template>
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<div class="mel-spec-demo">
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<div class="header">
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<div class="title">📊 梅尔频谱：AI 如何"看懂"声音</div>
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<div class="subtitle">
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声音是波，但 AI 看到的是频谱图。探索波形如何变成 AI 能理解的"图像"
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="control-panel">
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<div class="audio-types">
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<button
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v-for="type in audioTypes"
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:key="type.id"
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@click="selectType(type.id)"
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class="type-btn"
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:class="{ active: selectedType === type.id }"
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>
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<span class="type-icon">{{ type.icon }}</span>
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<span>{{ type.name }}</span>
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</button>
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</div>
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<div class="param-controls">
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<div class="param">
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<label>FFT 窗口</label>
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<input
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type="range"
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v-model="fftSize"
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min="256"
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max="2048"
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step="256"
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/>
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<span class="value">{{ fftSize }}</span>
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</div>
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<div class="param">
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<label>梅尔滤波器</label>
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<input
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type="range"
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v-model="melBins"
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min="20"
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max="128"
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step="4"
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/>
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<span class="value">{{ melBins }}</span>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="visualization">
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<!-- 波形图 -->
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<div class="viz-section">
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<div class="viz-header">
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<span class="viz-title">🔊 波形 (时域)</span>
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<span class="viz-desc">原始音频振幅随时间变化</span>
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</div>
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<canvas ref="waveformCanvas" width="600" height="100"></canvas>
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</div>
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<div class="transform-arrow">
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<span>STFT 变换</span>
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<span class="arrow">⬇</span>
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</div>
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<!-- 频谱对比 -->
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<div class="spec-comparison">
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<div class="viz-section">
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<div class="viz-header">
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<span class="viz-title">📈 线性频谱</span>
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<span class="viz-tag">高频分辨率低</span>
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</div>
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<canvas ref="linearCanvas" width="280" height="150"></canvas>
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</div>
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<div class="vs">VS</div>
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<div class="viz-section highlight">
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<div class="viz-header">
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<span class="viz-title">🎯 梅尔频谱</span>
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<span class="viz-tag success">符合人耳感知</span>
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</div>
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<canvas ref="melCanvas" width="280" height="150"></canvas>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="explanation">
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<div class="exp-title">🎧 为什么用梅尔刻度？</div>
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<div class="exp-content">
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<div class="exp-item">
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<div class="exp-visual">
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<div class="freq-bars human">
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<div class="bar" style="height: 80%"></div>
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<div class="bar" style="height: 60%"></div>
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<div class="bar" style="height: 40%"></div>
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<div class="bar" style="height: 20%"></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="exp-text">
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<strong>人耳感知</strong><br>
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100Hz→200Hz 与 10000Hz→10100Hz 感知差异相同
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="exp-item">
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<div class="exp-visual">
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<div class="freq-bars linear">
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<div class="bar" style="height: 10%"></div>
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<div class="bar" style="height: 20%"></div>
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<div class="bar" style="height: 70%"></div>
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<div class="bar" style="height: 90%"></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="exp-text">
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<strong>线性刻度</strong><br>
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等距频率间隔，不符合人耳感知
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="info-box">
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<span class="icon">💡</span>
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<p>
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<strong>梅尔频谱原理：</strong>
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梅尔刻度模拟了人耳对频率的非线性感知。人耳对低频变化更敏感，对高频变化较迟钝。
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梅尔频谱将频率映射到梅尔刻度，使 AI 更关注人耳敏感的部分。
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</p>
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</div>
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</div>
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</template>
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<script setup>
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import { ref, onMounted, watch } from 'vue'
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const audioTypes = [
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{ id: 'speech', name: '语音', icon: '🗣️' },
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{ id: 'music', name: '音乐', icon: '🎵' },
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{ id: 'noise', name: '噪声', icon: '📢' }
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]
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const selectedType = ref('speech')
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const fftSize = ref(1024)
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const melBins = ref(80)
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const waveformCanvas = ref(null)
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const linearCanvas = ref(null)
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const melCanvas = ref(null)
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const selectType = (type) => {
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selectedType.value = type
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}
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// 生成波形数据
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const generateWaveform = (type) => {
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const samples = 600
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const data = []
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for (let i = 0; i < samples; i++) {
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let value = 0
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const t = i / samples
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if (type === 'speech') {
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value = Math.sin(t * 20 * Math.PI) * 0.3 +
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Math.sin(t * 50 * Math.PI) * 0.2 +
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Math.sin(t * 120 * Math.PI) * 0.15 +
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(Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.1
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} else if (type === 'music') {
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value = Math.sin(t * 10 * Math.PI) * 0.4 +
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Math.sin(t * 25 * Math.PI) * 0.3 +
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Math.sin(t * 40 * Math.PI) * 0.2
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} else {
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value = (Math.random() - 0.5) * 0.8
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}
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data.push(value)
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}
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return data
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}
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// 绘制波形
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const drawWaveform = () => {
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const canvas = waveformCanvas.value
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if (!canvas) return
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const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')
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const width = canvas.width
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const height = canvas.height
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ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height)
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const data = generateWaveform(selectedType.value)
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const centerY = height / 2
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ctx.strokeStyle = '#409eff'
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ctx.lineWidth = 2
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ctx.beginPath()
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for (let i = 0; i < data.length; i++) {
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const x = (i / data.length) * width
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const y = centerY + data[i] * height * 0.4
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if (i === 0) ctx.moveTo(x, y)
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else ctx.lineTo(x, y)
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}
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ctx.stroke()
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// 中心线
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ctx.strokeStyle = '#e0e0e0'
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ctx.lineWidth = 1
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ctx.beginPath()
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ctx.moveTo(0, centerY)
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ctx.lineTo(width, centerY)
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ctx.stroke()
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}
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// 生成频谱数据
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const generateSpectrogram = (isMel = false) => {
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const timeBins = 60
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const freqBins = isMel ? melBins.value : 80
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const data = []
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for (let t = 0; t < timeBins; t++) {
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const frame = []
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for (let f = 0; f < freqBins; f++) {
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let value = 0
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const normalizedF = f / freqBins
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if (selectedType.value === 'speech') {
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const formant1 = Math.exp(-Math.pow(normalizedF - 0.1, 2) / 0.01)
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const formant2 = Math.exp(-Math.pow(normalizedF - 0.3, 2) / 0.02)
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value = (formant1 + formant2 * 0.7) * (0.8 + Math.random() * 0.2)
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} else if (selectedType.value === 'music') {
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value = Math.sin(normalizedF * Math.PI * 3) * 0.5 + 0.5
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value *= (0.7 + Math.random() * 0.3)
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} else {
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value = Math.random() * 0.5
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}
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if (isMel) {
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value *= (1 - normalizedF * 0.3)
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}
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frame.push(value)
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}
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data.push(frame)
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}
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return data
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}
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// 绘制频谱图
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const drawSpectrogram = (canvas, data) => {
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if (!canvas) return
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const ctx = canvas.getContext('2d')
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const width = canvas.width
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const height = canvas.height
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ctx.clearRect(0, 0, width, height)
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const cellWidth = width / data.length
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const cellHeight = height / data[0].length
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for (let t = 0; t < data.length; t++) {
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for (let f = 0; f < data[t].length; f++) {
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const value = data[t][f]
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const intensity = Math.floor(value * 255)
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const r = intensity
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const g = Math.floor(intensity * 0.6)
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const b = Math.floor(intensity * 0.2)
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ctx.fillStyle = `rgb(${r}, ${g}, ${b})`
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ctx.fillRect(
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t * cellWidth,
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height - (f + 1) * cellHeight,
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cellWidth + 1,
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cellHeight + 1
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)
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}
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}
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}
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const updateVisualization = () => {
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drawWaveform()
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drawSpectrogram(linearCanvas.value, generateSpectrogram(false))
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drawSpectrogram(melCanvas.value, generateSpectrogram(true))
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}
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onMounted(updateVisualization)
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watch([selectedType, fftSize, melBins], updateVisualization)
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</script>
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<style scoped>
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.mel-spec-demo {
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background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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border-radius: 12px;
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padding: 24px;
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margin: 24px 0;
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font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
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}
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.header {
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text-align: center;
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margin-bottom: 24px;
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}
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.title {
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font-size: 18px;
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font-weight: 700;
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margin-bottom: 8px;
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background: linear-gradient(120deg, #409eff, #67c23a);
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-webkit-background-clip: text;
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-webkit-text-fill-color: transparent;
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}
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.subtitle {
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font-size: 14px;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
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}
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.control-panel {
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display: flex;
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flex-wrap: wrap;
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gap: 20px;
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margin-bottom: 24px;
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padding: 16px;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border-radius: 6px;
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}
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.audio-types {
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display: flex;
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gap: 10px;
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flex-wrap: wrap;
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}
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.type-btn {
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padding: 10px 16px;
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border: 1px solid var(--vp-c-divider);
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border-radius: 20px;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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cursor: pointer;
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display: flex;
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align-items: center;
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gap: 6px;
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font-size: 13px;
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transition: all 0.2s;
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}
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.type-btn:hover {
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border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.type-btn.active {
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background: var(--vp-c-brand);
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color: white;
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border-color: var(--vp-c-brand);
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}
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.param-controls {
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display: flex;
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gap: 20px;
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flex-wrap: wrap;
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flex: 1;
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justify-content: flex-end;
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}
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.param {
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display: flex;
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align-items: center;
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gap: 8px;
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}
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.param label {
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font-size: 12px;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
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}
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.param input[type="range"] {
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width: 100px;
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}
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.param .value {
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font-size: 12px;
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font-family: monospace;
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min-width: 40px;
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}
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.visualization {
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border-radius: 6px;
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padding: 20px;
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margin-bottom: 20px;
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}
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.viz-section {
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margin-bottom: 16px;
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}
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.viz-section.highlight {
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border: 2px solid #67c23a;
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border-radius: 6px;
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padding: 12px;
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}
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.viz-header {
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display: flex;
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justify-content: space-between;
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align-items: center;
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margin-bottom: 12px;
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}
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.viz-title {
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font-weight: 600;
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font-size: 14px;
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}
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.viz-desc {
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font-size: 12px;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
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}
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.viz-tag {
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font-size: 11px;
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padding: 4px 8px;
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background: #e6a23c33;
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color: #e6a23c;
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border-radius: 4px;
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}
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.viz-tag.success {
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background: #67c23a33;
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color: #67c23a;
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}
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.viz-section canvas {
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width: 100%;
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height: auto;
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background: #f5f5f5;
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border-radius: 6px;
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}
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.transform-arrow {
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text-align: center;
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padding: 12px;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
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font-size: 13px;
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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align-items: center;
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gap: 4px;
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}
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.transform-arrow .arrow {
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font-size: 20px;
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}
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.spec-comparison {
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display: grid;
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grid-template-columns: 1fr auto 1fr;
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gap: 16px;
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align-items: center;
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}
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.vs {
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font-weight: 600;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-3);
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}
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.explanation {
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background: var(--vp-c-bg);
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border-radius: 6px;
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padding: 20px;
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margin-bottom: 20px;
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}
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.exp-title {
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font-weight: 600;
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margin-bottom: 16px;
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text-align: center;
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}
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.exp-content {
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display: grid;
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grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px, 1fr));
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gap: 24px;
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}
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.exp-item {
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display: flex;
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flex-direction: column;
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align-items: center;
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gap: 12px;
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text-align: center;
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}
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.freq-bars {
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display: flex;
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align-items: flex-end;
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gap: 8px;
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height: 80px;
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padding: 10px;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg-soft);
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border-radius: 6px;
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}
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.freq-bars .bar {
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width: 30px;
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border-radius: 4px 4px 0 0;
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}
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.freq-bars.human .bar {
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background: linear-gradient(to top, #409eff, #67c23a);
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}
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.freq-bars.linear .bar {
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background: linear-gradient(to top, #e6a23c, #f56c6c);
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}
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.exp-text {
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font-size: 13px;
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line-height: 1.5;
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color: var(--vp-c-text-2);
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}
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.info-box {
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display: flex;
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gap: 12px;
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padding: 16px;
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background: var(--vp-c-bg-mute);
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border-radius: 6px;
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font-size: 13px;
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line-height: 1.6;
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}
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.info-box .icon {
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font-size: 18px;
|
||
flex-shrink: 0;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
@media (max-width: 640px) {
|
||
.spec-comparison {
|
||
grid-template-columns: 1fr;
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
.vs {
|
||
transform: rotate(90deg);
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
</style>
|